README: Overhaul the text, include badges, links, etc.

[johnsonjh]

• Overhaul the actual text
• Include some nice badges
• Add outbound links

[johnsonjh]

Note coveralls support depends on PR #222

[johnsonjh]

• Updated for PR Improvement in bbolt/walletdb speed #111

[johnsonjh]

• Verified clean merge with recursive strategy against develop as of Thu Nov 26 02:01:32 PM EST 2020 + PR Improvement in bbolt/walletdb speed #111 + PR More reliably detect if we are current (or not.) #142 + PR Fix bug where pktctl -h would show help twice. #151 + PR blockchain: Avoid deadlock with additional locking #156 + PR peer: Default to 1s default trickle interval #160 + PR Optimization: Compare strings to a null string directly #168 + PR Fix cookie authentication; always show version information #175 + PR btcutil/hdkeychain/extendedkey.go: Fix a typo. #185 + PR Remove TTY detection #201 + PR peer/peer_test: Fix race conditions in peer test. #212

Merge made by the 'recursive' strategy.
 README.md | 177 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------
 1 file changed, 132 insertions(+), 45 deletions(-)

[johnsonjh]

• NOTE: Applied to WIP rebase branch successfully.