Adopt script rejection pattern for link onerror. (#42645)

The HTML `<link>` element's `onerror` function receives an Event-shaped object. The rejection here expects an `Error` shaped object. This PR 1:1 adopts the same pattern for `<link>` `onerror` that `script` `onerror` uses.

Attached you'll see an image that demonstrates that it _can_ end up in this state from turbo.build's Sentry logs:
<img width="919" alt="Screen Shot 2022-11-09 at 2 43 11 AM" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/20542/200648928-12b85642-c9b5-4d7e-b4fe-2b2d420a6669.png">

packages/next/client/route-loader.ts

@@ -80,6 +80,16 @@ export interface RouteLoader {
   prefetch(route: string): Promise<void>
 }
 
+const ASSET_LOAD_ERROR = Symbol('ASSET_LOAD_ERROR')
+// TODO: unexport
+export function markAssetError(err: Error): Error {
+  return Object.defineProperty(err, ASSET_LOAD_ERROR, {})
+}
+
+export function isAssetError(err?: Error): boolean | undefined {
+  return err && ASSET_LOAD_ERROR in err
+}
+
 function hasPrefetch(link?: HTMLLinkElement): boolean {
   try {
     link = document.createElement('link')
@@ -101,13 +111,13 @@ function prefetchViaDom(
   as: string,
   link?: HTMLLinkElement
 ): Promise<any> {
-  return new Promise<void>((res, rej) => {
+  return new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
     const selector = `
       link[rel="prefetch"][href^="${href}"],
       link[rel="preload"][href^="${href}"],
       script[src^="${href}"]`
     if (document.querySelector(selector)) {
-      return res()
+      return resolve()
     }
 
     link = document.createElement('link')
@@ -116,8 +126,9 @@ function prefetchViaDom(
     if (as) link!.as = as
     link!.rel = `prefetch`
     link!.crossOrigin = process.env.__NEXT_CROSS_ORIGIN!
-    link!.onload = res as any
-    link!.onerror = rej
+    link!.onload = resolve as any
+    link!.onerror = () =>
+      reject(markAssetError(new Error(`Failed to prefetch: ${href}`)))
 
     // `href` should always be last:
     link!.href = href
@@ -126,16 +137,6 @@ function prefetchViaDom(
   })
 }
 
-const ASSET_LOAD_ERROR = Symbol('ASSET_LOAD_ERROR')
-// TODO: unexport
-export function markAssetError(err: Error): Error {
-  return Object.defineProperty(err, ASSET_LOAD_ERROR, {})
-}
-
-export function isAssetError(err?: Error): boolean | undefined {
-  return err && ASSET_LOAD_ERROR in err
-}
-
 function appendScript(
   src: TrustedScriptURL | string,
   script?: HTMLScriptElement