coordinator: make patrolRegions's subtask concurrently

[HuSharp]

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: Ref #7706

What is changed and how does it work?

before

after

patrol regions

8 concurrent threads, reducing patrol area time by a factor of 8

before
10w regions

after
20w regions

Check List

Tests

• Unit test
• Integration test
• Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)

Code changes

• Has the configuration change
• Has HTTP API interfaces changed (Don't forget to add the declarative for the new API)
• Has persistent data change

Side effects

• Possible performance regression
• Increased code complexity
• Breaking backward compatibility

Related changes

• PR to update pingcap/docs/pingcap/docs-cn:
• PR to update pingcap/tiup:
• Need to cherry-pick to the release branch

Release note

None.

[ti-chi-bot]

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[ti-chi-bot]

Skipping CI for Draft Pull Request.
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