machina

machina is a library for real-world Deep Reinforcement Learning which is built on top of PyTorch.
machina is officially pronounced "mάkɪnə".

Features

High Composability
Composability is an important property in computer programming, allowing to dynamically switch between program components during execution. machina was built and designed with this principle in mind, allowing for high flexibility on system and program development.
Specifically, the RL-policy interacts with the environment via generated trajectories, making the exchange of either components simple. For example, using machina, it is possible to switch between a simulated and a real-world environment during the training phase.

Base Merits

There are merits for all users including beginners of Deep Reinforcement Learning.

1. Readability
2. Intuitive understanding of algorithmic differences
3. Customizability

Advanced Merits

Using the principle of composability, we can easily implement following configurations which are otherwise difficult in other RL libraries.

1. Easy implementation of mixed environment (e.g. simulated environment and real world environment, some meta learning settings).
2. Convenient for combining multiple algorithms (e.g. Q-Prop is combination of TRPO and DDPG).
3. Possibility of changing hyperparameters dynamically (e.g. Meta Learning for hyperparameters).

1 Meta Reinforcement Learning example

We usually define meta learning as a fast adaptation method for tasks which are sampled from a task-space. In meta RL, a task is defined as a MDP. RL agents have to adapt to a new MDP as fast as possible. We have to sample episodes from different environments to train our meta agent. We can easily implement this like below with machina.

env1 = GymEnv('HumanoidBulletEnv-v0')

env2 = GymEnv('HumanoidFlagrunBulletEnv-v0')

epis1 = sampler1.sample(pol, max_epis=args.max_epis_per_iter)
epis2 = sampler2.sample(pol, max_epis=args.max_epis_per_iter)
traj1 = Traj()
traj2 = Traj()

traj1.add_epis(epis1)
traj1 = ef.compute_vs(traj1, vf)
traj1 = ef.compute_rets(traj1, args.gamma)
traj1 = ef.compute_advs(traj1, args.gamma, args.lam)
traj1 = ef.centerize_advs(traj1)
traj1 = ef.compute_h_masks(traj1)
traj1.register_epis()

traj2.add_epis(epis2)
traj2 = ef.compute_vs(traj2, vf)
traj2 = ef.compute_rets(traj2, args.gamma)
traj2 = ef.compute_advs(traj2, args.gamma, args.lam)
traj2 = ef.centerize_advs(traj2)
traj2 = ef.compute_h_masks(traj2)
traj2.register_epis()

traj1.add_traj(traj2)

result_dict = ppo_clip.train(traj=traj1, pol=pol, vf=vf, clip_param=args.clip_param,
                             optim_pol=optim_pol, optim_vf=optim_vf, epoch=args.epoch_per_iter, batch_size=args.batch_size, max_grad_norm=args.max_grad_norm)

You can see the full example code here.

2 Combination of Off-policy and On-policy algorithms

DeepRL algorithms can be roughly divided into 2 types. On-policy and Off-policy algorithms. On-policy algorithms use only current episodes for updating policy or some value functions. On the other hand, Off-policy algorithms use whole episodes for updating policy or some value functions. On-policy algorithms are more stable but need many episodeos. Off-policy algorithms are sample efficient but unstable. Some algorithms like Q-Prop are a combination of On-policy and Off-policy algorithms. This is an example of the combination using ppo and sac.

epis = sampler.sample(pol, max_steps=args.max_steps_per_iter)

on_traj = Traj()
on_traj.add_epis(epis)

on_traj = ef.add_next_obs(on_traj)
on_traj = ef.compute_vs(on_traj, vf)
on_traj = ef.compute_rets(on_traj, args.gamma)
on_traj = ef.compute_advs(on_traj, args.gamma, args.lam)
on_traj = ef.centerize_advs(on_traj)
on_traj = ef.compute_h_masks(on_traj)
on_traj.register_epis()

result_dict1 = ppo_clip.train(traj=on_traj, pol=pol, vf=vf, clip_param=args.clip_param,
                            optim_pol=optim_pol, optim_vf=optim_vf, epoch=args.epoch_per_iter, batch_size=args.batch_size, max_grad_norm=args.max_grad_norm)

total_epi += on_traj.num_epi
step = on_traj.num_step
total_step += step

off_traj.add_traj(on_traj)

result_dict2 = sac.train(
    off_traj,
    pol, qf, targ_qf, log_alpha,
    optim_pol, optim_qf, optim_alpha,
    100, args.batch_size,
    args.tau, args.gamma, args.sampling,
)

You can see the full example code here.

To obtain this composability, machina's sampling method is deliberatly restricted to be episode-based because episode-based sampling is suitable for real-world environments. Moreover, some algorithms which update networks step by step (e.g. DQN, DDPG) are not reproduced in machina.

Implemented Algorithms

The algorithms classes described below are useful for real-world Deep Reinforcement Learning.

CLASS	MERIT	ALGORITHM	SUPPORT
Model-Free On-Policy RL	stable policy learning	Proximal Policy Optimization	RNN
		Trust Region Policy Optimization	RNN
Model-Free Off-Policy RL	high generalization	Soft Actor Critic	R2D2∗
		QT-Opt
		Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient
		Stochastic Value Gradient
Model-Based RL	high sample efficiency	Model Predictive Control	RNN
Imitation Learning	removal of the need for reward designing	Behavior Cloning
		Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning	RNN
		Adversatial Inverse Reinforcement Learning
Policy Distillation	reduction of necessary computation resources during deployment of policy	Teacher Distillation

* R2D2 like burn in and saving hidden states methods

Installation

machina supports Ubuntu, Python3.5, 3.6, 3.7 and PyTorch1.0.0+.

machina can be directly installed using PyPI.

pip install machina-rl

Or you can install machina from source code.

git clone https://github.com/DeepX-inc/machina
cd machina
python setup.py install

Quick Start

You can start machina by checking out this quickstart.

Moreover, you can also check already implemented algorithms in examples.

Web Page

You can check machina's web page.