wire: reduce allocations when parsing transport parameters

[marten-seemann]

Depends on #4482. Part of #3663.

Compared to the original (v0.43) transport parameter parser:

name                                              old time/op    new time/op    delta
TransportParameters/without_preferred_address-16     664ns ± 2%     291ns ± 1%  -56.17%  (p=0.000 n=9+9)
TransportParameters/with_preferred_address-16        795ns ± 3%     336ns ± 1%  -57.73%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

name                                              old alloc/op   new alloc/op   delta
TransportParameters/without_preferred_address-16      720B ± 0%       40B ± 0%  -94.44%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
TransportParameters/with_preferred_address-16         880B ± 0%      152B ± 0%  -82.73%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

name                                              old allocs/op  new allocs/op  delta
TransportParameters/without_preferred_address-16      14.0 ± 0%       2.0 ± 0%  -85.71%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
TransportParameters/with_preferred_address-16         18.0 ± 0%       3.0 ± 0%  -83.33%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

Compared to #4482:

name                                              old time/op    new time/op    delta
TransportParameters/without_preferred_address-16     537ns ± 3%     291ns ± 1%  -45.85%  (p=0.000 n=9+9)
TransportParameters/with_preferred_address-16        599ns ± 3%     336ns ± 1%  -43.86%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

name                                              old alloc/op   new alloc/op   delta
TransportParameters/without_preferred_address-16      600B ± 0%       40B ± 0%  -93.33%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
TransportParameters/with_preferred_address-16         712B ± 0%      152B ± 0%  -78.65%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

name                                              old allocs/op  new allocs/op  delta
TransportParameters/without_preferred_address-16      10.0 ± 0%       2.0 ± 0%  -80.00%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
TransportParameters/with_preferred_address-16         11.0 ± 0%       3.0 ± 0%  -72.73%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 85.03%. Comparing base (1514095) to head (11dd7ca).
Report is 1 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #4483      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   85.01%   85.03%   +0.02%     
==========================================
  Files         154      154              
  Lines       14708    14712       +4     
==========================================
+ Hits        12503    12509       +6     
+ Misses       1695     1693       -2     
  Partials      510      510              

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