Dev python exercise 1

.gitignore

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+# Byte-compiled / optimized / DLL files
+__pycache__/
+*.py[cod]
+*$py.class
+
+# C extensions
+*.so
+
+# Distribution / packaging
+.Python
+build/
+develop-eggs/
+dist/
+downloads/
+eggs/
+.eggs/
+lib/
+lib64/
+parts/
+sdist/
+var/
+wheels/
+share/python-wheels/
+*.egg-info/
+.installed.cfg
+*.egg
+MANIFEST
+
+# PyInstaller
+#  Usually these files are written by a python script from a template
+#  before PyInstaller builds the exe, so as to inject date/other infos into it.
+*.manifest
+*.spec
+
+# Installer logs
+pip-log.txt
+pip-delete-this-directory.txt
+
+# Unit test / coverage reports
+htmlcov/
+.tox/
+.nox/
+.coverage
+.coverage.*
+.cache
+nosetests.xml
+coverage.xml
+*.cover
+*.py,cover
+.hypothesis/
+.pytest_cache/
+cover/
+
+# Translations
+*.mo
+*.pot
+
+# Django stuff:
+*.log
+local_settings.py
+db.sqlite3
+db.sqlite3-journal
+
+# Flask stuff:
+instance/
+.webassets-cache
+
+# Scrapy stuff:
+.scrapy
+
+# Sphinx documentation
+docs/_build/
+
+# PyBuilder
+.pybuilder/
+target/
+
+# Jupyter Notebook
+.ipynb_checkpoints
+
+# IPython
+profile_default/
+ipython_config.py
+
+# pyenv
+#   For a library or package, you might want to ignore these files since the code is
+#   intended to run in multiple environments; otherwise, check them in:
+# .python-version
+
+# pipenv
+#   According to pypa/pipenv#598, it is recommended to include Pipfile.lock in version control.
+#   However, in case of collaboration, if having platform-specific dependencies or dependencies
+#   having no cross-platform support, pipenv may install dependencies that don't work, or not
+#   install all needed dependencies.
+#Pipfile.lock
+
+# poetry
+#   Similar to Pipfile.lock, it is generally recommended to include poetry.lock in version control.
+#   This is especially recommended for binary packages to ensure reproducibility, and is more
+#   commonly ignored for libraries.
+#   https://python-poetry.org/docs/basic-usage/#commit-your-poetrylock-file-to-version-control
+#poetry.lock
+
+# pdm
+#   Similar to Pipfile.lock, it is generally recommended to include pdm.lock in version control.
+#pdm.lock
+#   pdm stores project-wide configurations in .pdm.toml, but it is recommended to not include it
+#   in version control.
+#   https://pdm.fming.dev/#use-with-ide
+.pdm.toml
+
+# PEP 582; used by e.g. github.com/David-OConnor/pyflow and github.com/pdm-project/pdm
+__pypackages__/
+
+# Celery stuff
+celerybeat-schedule
+celerybeat.pid
+
+# SageMath parsed files
+*.sage.py
+
+# Environments
+.env
+.venv
+env/
+venv/
+ENV/
+env.bak/
+venv.bak/
+
+# Spyder project settings
+.spyderproject
+.spyproject
+
+# Rope project settings
+.ropeproject
+
+# mkdocs documentation
+/site
+
+# mypy
+.mypy_cache/
+.dmypy.json
+dmypy.json
+
+# Pyre type checker
+.pyre/
+
+# pytype static type analyzer
+.pytype/
+
+# Cython debug symbols
+cython_debug/
+
+# PyCharm
+#  JetBrains specific template is maintained in a separate JetBrains.gitignore that can
+#  be found at https://github.com/github/gitignore/blob/main/Global/JetBrains.gitignore
+#  and can be added to the global gitignore or merged into this file.  For a more nuclear
+#  option (not recommended) you can uncomment the following to ignore the entire idea folder.
+#.idea/

solutions/python/exercise1/backup.py

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+"""Get backups of running config from devices."""
+import sys
+import logging
+from pathlib import Path
+import yaml
+from yaml.loader import FullLoader
+from netmiko import (
+    ConnectHandler,
+    NetmikoTimeoutException,
+    NetmikoAuthenticationException,
+)
+from constants import USERNAME, PASSWORD, BACKUP_DIR, COMMANDS
+
+
+def send_command(device: dict, command: str) -> str:
+    """Connect with netmiko and send one command.
+
+    Args:
+        device (dict): Device info in netmiko dict format
+        command (str): Command to send to device
+
+    Returns:
+        str: command output
+    """
+    output = ""
+    try:
+        logging.info(f"Connect to device { device['host'] }")
+        with ConnectHandler(**device) as ssh:
+            output = ssh.send_command(command)
+
+        return output
+    except (NetmikoTimeoutException, NetmikoAuthenticationException) as error:
+        logging.error(
+            f"Could not connect to device { device['host'] } with error {error}"
+        )
+    return output
+
+
+def write_file(file_name: str, text: str):
+    """Write text to file.
+
+    Args:
+        file_name (str): file name and parent dir
+        text (str): text to be written
+    """
+    # Create parent directory if not exists
+    file_dir = Path(file_name).parent.absolute()
+    if not file_dir.exists():
+        logging.info(f"Creating directory { file_dir } for backups")
+        file_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
+
+    try:
+        logging.info(f"Write output to file { file_name }")
+        with open(file_name, "w", encoding="UTF-8") as f:
+            f.write(text)
+    except IOError as err:
+        logging.error(f"File { file_name } could not be opened!")
+        logging.error(f"I/O error { err.errno } '{ err.strerror }'")
+
+
+def read_yaml(file_name: str) -> dict:
+    """Read yaml file.
+
+    Args:
+        filename (str): name of file
+
+    Returns:
+        dict: data from yaml file
+    """
+    try:
+        logging.info(f"Read data from { file_name }")
+        with open(file_name, encoding="UTF-8") as f:
+            yaml_data = yaml.load(f, Loader=FullLoader)
+    except IOError as err:
+        logging.error(f"Yaml data file { file_name } could not be opened!")
+        logging.error(f"I/O error { err.errno } '{ err.strerror }'")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    return yaml_data
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    """Connect to devices and save the running config to files as backup."""
+    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
+    devices_info = read_yaml("hosts.yaml")
+
+    for device, device_info in devices_info["devices"].items():
+        device_info["username"] = USERNAME
+        device_info["password"] = PASSWORD
+        device_output = send_command(
+            device=device_info, command=COMMANDS[device_info["device_type"]]
+        )
+        write_file(file_name=f"{BACKUP_DIR}/{device}.cfg", text=device_output)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()