Add support for Python 3.12

[cdce8p]

Breaking changes

The following integrations won't work with Python 3.12 and might be removed in the future.

• Apache Kafka (cc @bachya)
• Brother Printer (cc @bieniu)
• Cisco Webex Teams (cc @fbradyirl)
• Met Office (cc @MrHarcombe @avee87)
• SNMP
• Uonet+ Vulcan (cc @Antoni-Czaplicki)

The profiler.memory service is not available when using Python 3.12. It will return if and when guppy3 becomes Python 3.12 compatible.

Proposed change

• Disable Python 3.12 incompatible integrations #108163

--
Add initial support for Python 3.12.
The following integrations don't work yet.

Install / build error

• Python Scripts depends on RestrictedPython==6.2
python_requires set to <3.12
  Support Python 3.12 zopefoundation/RestrictedPython#246
• Profiler depends (partially) on guppy3==3.1.3
  Error building wheel for Python 3.12
  https://github.com/zhuyifei1999/guppy3
  Update guppy3 to 3.1.4 #102400
• Met Office depends on datapoint==0.9.8
  Uses old / incompatible python-versionieer version
  Last update 3 years ago -> probably unmaintained
  Python 3.12, versioneer build failure EJEP/datapoint-python#183
  Status of maintenance EJEP/datapoint-python#109
• Cisco Webex Teams depends on webexteamssdk==1.1.1
  Uses old / incompatible python-versionieer version
  Last update 9 months ago -> ??
  Python 3.12, versioneer build failure WebexCommunity/WebexPythonSDK#189

Import error

• Apache Kafka depends on aiokafka==0.7.2 -> kafka-python>=2.0.0
  Fix is planned, but no recent progress in that area.
  Python 3.12.0 compatibility issue aio-libs/aiokafka#928
  Workaround an error to import "range" from "kafka.vendor.six.moves" dpkp/kafka-python#2376
  Drop Python2 support as part of 2.x release? dpkp/kafka-python#1927
  Bump aiokafka to 0.10.0 #108165
• Uonet+ Vulcan depends on vulcan-api==2.3.0 -> related~=0.7.3 -> future
python-future was last updated 9 months ago -> ??
  https://github.com/kapi2289/vulcan-api
  https://github.com/genomoncology/related
  https://github.com/PythonCharmers/python-future
  Importing imp in standard_library raises a PendingDeprecationWarning PythonCharmers/python-future#246
  deprecation warning importing imp PythonCharmers/python-future#488
  Update imp to importlib for py3 PythonCharmers/python-future#574
  Add support for Uonet+ Vulcan integration on Python 3.12 #107959
• Brother Printer depends on brother==2.3.0 -> pysnmplib
  Bump brother library, use pysnmp-lextudio with SNMP integration #105591
• SNMP depends on pysnmplib==5.0.21
pysnmplib still uses asyncore
  Last update 8 months ago -> ??
  https://github.com/pysnmp/pysnmp
  Python 3.12 compatibility pysnmp/pysnmp#56
  DeprecationWarning: asyncore (to be removed in Python 3.12) lextudio/pysnmp#10
  Bump brother library, use pysnmp-lextudio with SNMP integration #105591

Type of change

• Dependency upgrade
• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New integration (thank you!)
• New feature (which adds functionality to an existing integration)
• Deprecation (breaking change to happen in the future)
• Breaking change (fix/feature causing existing functionality to break)
• Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests

Additional information

• This PR fixes or closes issue: fixes #
• This PR is related to issue:
• Link to documentation pull request:

Checklist

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Local tests pass. Your PR cannot be merged unless tests pass
• There is no commented out code in this PR.
• I have followed the development checklist
• I have followed the perfect PR recommendations
• The code has been formatted using Black (black --fast homeassistant tests)
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works.

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated for www.home-assistant.io

If the code communicates with devices, web services, or third-party tools:

• The manifest file has all fields filled out correctly.
  Updated and included derived files by running: python3 -m script.hassfest.
• New or updated dependencies have been added to requirements_all.txt.
  Updated by running python3 -m script.gen_requirements_all.
• For the updated dependencies - a link to the changelog, or at minimum a diff between library versions is added to the PR description.
• Untested files have been added to .coveragerc.

To help with the load of incoming pull requests:

• I have reviewed two other open pull requests in this repository.

[frenck]

🎉

Thanks, @cdce8p! Amazing job! 👍

../Frenck