http.sys accept loop - mitigate against break due to possible conflic…

…ting IO callbacks (#54368)

* investigate #54251 (more details will be in PR)

1. handle MRTVS cascading fault breaking the accept loop
2. log any expectation failures

* make log text consistent

* upgrade log to "critical" on the actual state error

* - capture whether it is the managed vs unmanaged code-path that is glitching
- lock new critical log messages behind app-context switch

src/Servers/HttpSys/src/AsyncAcceptContext.Log.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// Licensed to the .NET Foundation under one or more agreements.
+// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
+
+namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.HttpSys;
+
+internal partial class AsyncAcceptContext
+{
+    private static partial class Log
+    {
+        [LoggerMessage(LoggerEventIds.AcceptSetResultFailed, LogLevel.Error, "Error attempting to set 'accept' outcome", EventName = "AcceptSetResultFailed")]
+        public static partial void AcceptSetResultFailed(ILogger logger, Exception exception);
+
+        // note on "critical": these represent an unexpected IO callback state that needs investigation; see https://github.com/dotnet/aspnetcore/pull/54368/
+
+        [LoggerMessage(LoggerEventIds.AcceptSetExpectationMismatch, LogLevel.Critical, "Mismatch setting callback expectation - {Value}", EventName = "AcceptSetExpectationMismatch")]
+        public static partial void AcceptSetExpectationMismatch(ILogger logger, int value);
+
+        [LoggerMessage(LoggerEventIds.AcceptCancelExpectationMismatch, LogLevel.Critical, "Mismatch canceling accept state - {Value}", EventName = "AcceptCancelExpectationMismatch")]
+        public static partial void AcceptCancelExpectationMismatch(ILogger logger, int value);
+
+        [LoggerMessage(LoggerEventIds.AcceptObserveExpectationMismatch, LogLevel.Critical, "Mismatch observing {Kind} accept callback - {Value}", EventName = "AcceptObserveExpectationMismatch")]
+        public static partial void AcceptObserveExpectationMismatch(ILogger logger, string kind, int value);
+    }
+}

src/Servers/HttpSys/src/AsyncAcceptContext.cs

@@ -3,17 +3,23 @@
 
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Threading.Tasks.Sources;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
 
 namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.HttpSys;
 
-internal sealed unsafe class AsyncAcceptContext : IValueTaskSource<RequestContext>, IDisposable
+internal sealed unsafe partial class AsyncAcceptContext : IValueTaskSource<RequestContext>, IDisposable
 {
     private static readonly IOCompletionCallback IOCallback = IOWaitCallback;
     private readonly PreAllocatedOverlapped _preallocatedOverlapped;
     private readonly IRequestContextFactory _requestContextFactory;
+    private readonly ILogger _logger;
+    private int _expectedCompletionCount;
 
     private NativeOverlapped* _overlapped;
 
+    private readonly bool _logExpectationFailures = AppContext.TryGetSwitch(
+        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.HttpSys.LogAcceptExpectationFailure", out var enabled) && enabled;
+
     // mutable struct; do not make this readonly
     private ManualResetValueTaskSourceCore<RequestContext> _mrvts = new()
     {
@@ -23,11 +29,12 @@ internal sealed unsafe class AsyncAcceptContext : IValueTaskSource<RequestContex
 
     private RequestContext? _requestContext;
 
-    internal AsyncAcceptContext(HttpSysListener server, IRequestContextFactory requestContextFactory)
+    internal AsyncAcceptContext(HttpSysListener server, IRequestContextFactory requestContextFactory, ILogger logger)
     {
         Server = server;
         _requestContextFactory = requestContextFactory;
         _preallocatedOverlapped = new(IOCallback, state: this, pinData: null);
+        _logger = logger;
     }
 
     internal HttpSysListener Server { get; }
@@ -50,15 +57,16 @@ internal ValueTask<RequestContext> AcceptAsync()
         return new ValueTask<RequestContext>(this, _mrvts.Version);
     }
 
-    private void IOCompleted(uint errorCode, uint numBytes)
+    private void IOCompleted(uint errorCode, uint numBytes, bool managed)
     {
         try
         {
+            ObserveCompletion(managed); // expectation tracking
             if (errorCode != ErrorCodes.ERROR_SUCCESS &&
                 errorCode != ErrorCodes.ERROR_MORE_DATA)
             {
-                _mrvts.SetException(new HttpSysException((int)errorCode));
-                return;
+                // (keep all the error handling in one place)
+                throw new HttpSysException((int)errorCode);
             }
 
             Debug.Assert(_requestContext != null);
@@ -70,7 +78,14 @@ private void IOCompleted(uint errorCode, uint numBytes)
                 // we want to reuse the acceptContext object for future accepts.
                 _requestContext = null;
 
-                _mrvts.SetResult(requestContext);
+                try
+                {
+                    _mrvts.SetResult(requestContext);
+                }
+                catch (Exception ex)
+                {
+                    Log.AcceptSetResultFailed(_logger, ex);
+                }
             }
             else
             {
@@ -83,22 +98,69 @@ private void IOCompleted(uint errorCode, uint numBytes)
                 if (statusCode != ErrorCodes.ERROR_SUCCESS &&
                     statusCode != ErrorCodes.ERROR_IO_PENDING)
                 {
-                    // someother bad error, possible(?) return values are:
+                    // some other bad error, possible(?) return values are:
                     // ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE, ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER, ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED
-                    _mrvts.SetException(new HttpSysException((int)statusCode));
+                    // (keep all the error handling in one place)
+                    throw new HttpSysException((int)statusCode);
                 }
             }
         }
         catch (Exception exception)
         {
-            _mrvts.SetException(exception);
+            try
+            {
+                _mrvts.SetException(exception);
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                Log.AcceptSetResultFailed(_logger, ex);
+            }
         }
     }
 
     private static unsafe void IOWaitCallback(uint errorCode, uint numBytes, NativeOverlapped* nativeOverlapped)
     {
         var acceptContext = (AsyncAcceptContext)ThreadPoolBoundHandle.GetNativeOverlappedState(nativeOverlapped)!;
-        acceptContext.IOCompleted(errorCode, numBytes);
+        acceptContext.IOCompleted(errorCode, numBytes, false);
+    }
+
+    private void SetExpectCompletion() // we anticipate a completion *might* occur
+    {
+        // note this is intentionally a "reset and check" rather than Increment, so that we don't spam
+        // the logs forever if a glitch occurs
+        var value = Interlocked.Exchange(ref _expectedCompletionCount, 1); // should have been 0
+        if (value != 0)
+        {
+            if (_logExpectationFailures)
+            {
+                Log.AcceptSetExpectationMismatch(_logger, value);
+            }
+            Debug.Assert(false, nameof(SetExpectCompletion)); // fail hard in debug
+        }
+    }
+    private void CancelExpectCompletion() // due to error-code etc, we no longer anticipate a completion
+    {
+        var value = Interlocked.Decrement(ref _expectedCompletionCount); // should have been 1, so now 0
+        if (value != 0)
+        {
+            if (_logExpectationFailures)
+            {
+                Log.AcceptCancelExpectationMismatch(_logger, value);
+            }
+            Debug.Assert(false, nameof(CancelExpectCompletion)); // fail hard in debug
+        }
+    }
+    private void ObserveCompletion(bool managed) // a completion was invoked
+    {
+        var value = Interlocked.Decrement(ref _expectedCompletionCount); // should have been 1, so now 0
+        if (value != 0)
+        {
+            if (_logExpectationFailures)
+            {
+                Log.AcceptObserveExpectationMismatch(_logger, managed ? "managed" : "unmanaged", value);
+            }
+            Debug.Assert(false, nameof(ObserveCompletion)); // fail hard in debug
+        }
     }
 
     private uint QueueBeginGetContext()
@@ -111,6 +173,7 @@ private uint QueueBeginGetContext()
 
             retry = false;
             uint bytesTransferred = 0;
+            SetExpectCompletion(); // track this *before*, because of timing vs IOCP (could even be effectively synchronous)
             statusCode = HttpApi.HttpReceiveHttpRequest(
                 Server.RequestQueue.Handle,
                 _requestContext.RequestId,
@@ -122,35 +185,44 @@ private uint QueueBeginGetContext()
                 &bytesTransferred,
                 _overlapped);
 
-            if ((statusCode == ErrorCodes.ERROR_CONNECTION_INVALID
-                || statusCode == ErrorCodes.ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER)
-                && _requestContext.RequestId != 0)
-            {
-                // ERROR_CONNECTION_INVALID:
-                // The client reset the connection between the time we got the MORE_DATA error and when we called HttpReceiveHttpRequest
-                // with the new buffer. We can clear the request id and move on to the next request.
-                //
-                // ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: Historical check from HttpListener.
-                // https://referencesource.microsoft.com/#System/net/System/Net/_ListenerAsyncResult.cs,137
-                // we might get this if somebody stole our RequestId,
-                // set RequestId to 0 and start all over again with the buffer we just allocated
-                // BUGBUG: how can someone steal our request ID?  seems really bad and in need of fix.
-                _requestContext.RequestId = 0;
-                retry = true;
-            }
-            else if (statusCode == ErrorCodes.ERROR_MORE_DATA)
-            {
-                // the buffer was not big enough to fit the headers, we need
-                // to read the RequestId returned, allocate a new buffer of the required size
-                //  (uint)backingBuffer.Length - AlignmentPadding
-                AllocateNativeRequest(bytesTransferred);
-                retry = true;
-            }
-            else if (statusCode == ErrorCodes.ERROR_SUCCESS
-                && HttpSysListener.SkipIOCPCallbackOnSuccess)
+            switch (statusCode)
             {
-                // IO operation completed synchronously - callback won't be called to signal completion.
-                IOCompleted(statusCode, bytesTransferred);
+                case (ErrorCodes.ERROR_CONNECTION_INVALID or ErrorCodes.ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER) when _requestContext.RequestId != 0:
+                    // ERROR_CONNECTION_INVALID:
+                    // The client reset the connection between the time we got the MORE_DATA error and when we called HttpReceiveHttpRequest
+                    // with the new buffer. We can clear the request id and move on to the next request.
+                    //
+                    // ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: Historical check from HttpListener.
+                    // https://referencesource.microsoft.com/#System/net/System/Net/_ListenerAsyncResult.cs,137
+                    // we might get this if somebody stole our RequestId,
+                    // set RequestId to 0 and start all over again with the buffer we just allocated
+                    // BUGBUG: how can someone steal our request ID?  seems really bad and in need of fix.
+                    CancelExpectCompletion();
+                    _requestContext.RequestId = 0;
+                    retry = true;
+                    break;
+                case ErrorCodes.ERROR_MORE_DATA:
+                    // the buffer was not big enough to fit the headers, we need
+                    // to read the RequestId returned, allocate a new buffer of the required size
+                    //  (uint)backingBuffer.Length - AlignmentPadding
+                    CancelExpectCompletion(); // we'll "expect" again when we retry
+                    AllocateNativeRequest(bytesTransferred);
+                    retry = true;
+                    break;
+                case ErrorCodes.ERROR_SUCCESS:
+                    if (HttpSysListener.SkipIOCPCallbackOnSuccess)
+                    {
+                        // IO operation completed synchronously - callback won't be called to signal completion.
+                        IOCompleted(statusCode, bytesTransferred, true); // marks completion
+                    }
+                    // else: callback fired by IOCP (at some point), which marks completion
+                    break;
+                case ErrorCodes.ERROR_IO_PENDING:
+                    break; // no change to state - callback will occur at some point
+                default:
+                    // fault code, not expecting an IOCP callback
+                    CancelExpectCompletion();
+                    break;
             }
         }
         while (retry);

src/Servers/HttpSys/src/LoggerEventIds.cs

@@ -54,4 +54,8 @@ internal static class LoggerEventIds
     public const int RequestValidationFailed = 47;
     public const int CreateDisconnectTokenError = 48;
     public const int RequestAborted = 49;
+    public const int AcceptSetResultFailed = 50;
+    public const int AcceptSetExpectationMismatch = 51;
+    public const int AcceptCancelExpectationMismatch = 52;
+    public const int AcceptObserveExpectationMismatch = 53;
 }

src/Servers/HttpSys/src/MessagePump.cs

@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ private void ProcessRequestsWorker()
         Debug.Assert(RequestContextFactory != null);
 
         // Allocate and accept context per loop and reuse it for all accepts
-        var acceptContext = new AsyncAcceptContext(Listener, RequestContextFactory);
+        var acceptContext = new AsyncAcceptContext(Listener, RequestContextFactory, _logger);
 
         var loop = new AcceptLoop(acceptContext, this);
 

src/Servers/HttpSys/test/FunctionalTests/Listener/Utilities.cs

@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ internal static HttpSysListener CreateServerOnExistingQueue(string requestQueueN
     internal static async Task<RequestContext> AcceptAsync(this HttpSysListener server, TimeSpan timeout)
     {
         var factory = new TestRequestContextFactory(server);
-        using var acceptContext = new AsyncAcceptContext(server, factory);
+        using var acceptContext = new AsyncAcceptContext(server, factory, server.Logger);
 
         async Task<RequestContext> AcceptAsync()
         {