Move __CPROVER_uninterpreted_* conversion to C type checker

[tautschnig]

We already had type checking of mathematical_function types to support lambda expressions. Special-case symbols with name __CPROVER_uninterpreted_* will now also produce these types. GOTO conversion will no longer give specific treatment to function calls with symbol name __CPROVER_uninterpreted_*.

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• n/a The feature or user visible behaviour I have added or modified has been documented in the User Guide in doc/cprover-manual/
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[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 86.95652% with 3 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 77.45%. Comparing base (f18b509) to head (2c13d82).

Files	Patch %	Lines
src/ansi-c/c_typecheck_expr.cpp	66.66%	3 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop    #8280      +/-   ##
===========================================
- Coverage    77.55%   77.45%   -0.11%     
===========================================
  Files         1721     1721              
  Lines       190128   190372     +244     
  Branches     18438    18475      +37     
===========================================
- Hits        147448   147445       -3     
- Misses       42680    42927     +247     

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[remi-delmas-3000]

We already had type checking of mathematical_function types to support lambda expressions. Special-case symbols with name _CPROVER_uninterpreted* will now also produce these types.

What does this mean in practice ? What does it enable for the user ?