Updated conan.cmake URL to latest version

[jlschrag]

Version 0.14 of conan.cmake added support for Visual Studio 2019. Updated URL to latest to avoid confusion for VS2019 users.

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[czoido]

Hi @jlschrag,
Thanks for the contribution, this is a good opportunity to update the rest of the content to align with the recommendations for v0.16.1 of cmake-conan. I will make some further changes on top of this.
I'm converting this to draft until I can add those changes.

[jlschrag]

Version 0.17.0 of conan-cmake is now out, which add support for VS2022. To avoid this issue again, these documentation references should probably be changed to that version.

Also, a related PR: conan-io/cmake-conan#374. It may be desirable to add the hash check & perhaps some of the other logic seen there to the documentation as well.