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[WIP] Experiment with a safe adoption API #47

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This PR experiments with a safe Adopt::adopt API.

The API requires that the inner T of and Rc<T> implement a new trait, Trace. Trace has a single required method: Trace::mark. Rc::<T>::adopt is only available when T impls Trace.

Trace::mark allows a T to use internal iteration to mark all of the Rc<T>s that are immediately reachable. Rc::<T>::adopt determines whether an adoption of other is safe based on whether T yields a &mut Rc<T> that points to the same allocation as the given other Rc to adopt.

By yielding a &mut Rc<T>, T proves that it owns an Rc<T> that points to the same allocation as other, which satisfies the safety invariants of Adopt::adopt_unchecked.

Practically, Ts that implement Trace must use some sort of interior mutability, since Trace::mark takes &self.

The doubly linked list integration test is updated to use this new safe adopt API and impls Trace. The orphan rule for trait impls complicates implementing Trace for Rc<RefCell<T>> and requires the introduction of a wrapper type. The doubly linked list test now has #![forbid(unsafe_code)].

r? @tummychow

@lopopolo lopopolo added A-adopt Area: Adopt and unadopt API. S-wip Status: This pull request is a work in progress. A-unsafe-code Area: Unsafe code, be careful when reviewing. labels Jun 15, 2021
src/adopt.rs Show resolved Hide resolved
src/adopt.rs Outdated
@@ -34,6 +35,14 @@ mod sealed {
/// [`adopt_unchecked`]: Adopt::adopt_unchecked
/// [undefined behavior]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/behavior-considered-undefined.html
pub unsafe trait Adopt: sealed::Sealed {
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adopt's trait-level documentation will need to be significantly reworked.

src/trace.rs Outdated
/// TODO: document me!
fn yield_owned_rcs<F>(&self, mark: F)
where
F: for<'a> FnMut(&'a mut Rc<Self>);
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I'm not sure if the higher ranked lifetime bound is correct here. Do we want to enforce that the lifetime of the yielded &mut Rc<T> is the same as &self? Removing the for<'a> would disallow non-static T that have &mut Rc<T> fields which would be a good thing.

src/adopt.rs Outdated
type Inner = T;

/// TODO: document me!
fn adopt(this: &mut Self, other: &Self)
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maybe adopt should return Result<(), &Self> where the error variant contains other if the adoption failed?

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Or maybe there is try_adopt and adopt which unwraps try_adopt.

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  1. The E type in Result should implement Error, otherwise it won't compose well with existing error-handling mechanisms, such as the ? sugar.
  2. try_adopt that returns a Result and adopt that unwraps the former is indeed a good, ergonomic API. The standard library does that a lot too, I think.
  3. Why would you want to return other in case of a failure, if it's a reference and the callee already has it anyway?

src/adopt.rs Show resolved Hide resolved
…_rcs

This ensures that yielded Rcs have the same lifetime as self, which is what
we want to assert that self owns the Rc.
@LoganDark

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Labels
A-adopt Area: Adopt and unadopt API. A-unsafe-code Area: Unsafe code, be careful when reviewing. S-wip Status: This pull request is a work in progress.
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