- Introduction
- Installation
- Basic Usage
- Odm Cursor
- Mass Assignment
- Insert, Update, Delete
- Soft Deleting
- Timestamps
- Query Scopes
- Relationships
- Converting To Arrays / JSON
- Authentication
- Troubleshooting
- License
- Additional Information
MongoLid ODM (Object Document Mapper) provides a beautiful, simple implementation for working with MongoDB. Each database collection can have a corresponding "Model" which is used to interact with that collection.
Note: The ODM implementation is within the (non laravel) mongolid repository.
In the require key of composer.json file add the following
"zizaco/mongolid": "dev-master",
"zizaco/mongolid-laravel": "dev-master"Run the Composer update comand
$ composer update
In your config/app.php add 'Zizaco\MongolidLaravel\MongolidServiceProvider' to the end of the $providers array
'providers' => array(
'Illuminate\Foundation\Providers\ArtisanServiceProvider',
'Illuminate\Auth\AuthServiceProvider',
...
'Zizaco\MongolidLaravel\MongolidServiceProvider',
),At the end of config/app.php add 'MongoLid' => 'Zizaco\MongolidLaravel\MongoLid' to the $aliases array
'aliases' => array(
'App' => 'Illuminate\Support\Facades\App',
'Artisan' => 'Illuminate\Support\Facades\Artisan',
...
'MongoLid' => 'Zizaco\MongolidLaravel\MongoLid',
),And least, be sure to configure a database connection in app/config/database.php:
Paste the settings bellow at the end of your database.php, before the last );:
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| MongoDB Databases
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
*/
'mongodb' => array(
'default' => array(
'host' => '127.0.0.1',
'port' => 27017,
'database' => 'my_database',
'username' => '',
'password' => '',
),
),Note: If you don't specify the key above in your
config/database.php. The MongoLid will automatically try to connect to 127.0.0.1:27017 and use a database named 'mongolid'.
You may optionally provide a 'connectionString' key to set a fully-assembled connection string (useful for configuring fun things like read preference, replica sets, etc.) this will override all other connection options.
To get started, create an MongoLid model. Models typically live in the app/models directory, but you are free to place them anywhere that can be auto-loaded according to your composer.json file.
Defining An MongoLid Model
class User extends MongoLid {}Note that we did not tell MongoLid which collection to use for our User model. So, in this case, MongoLid will not save the model into the database. This can be used for models that represents objects that will be embedded within another object and will not have their own collection.
You may specify a collection by defining a collection property on your model:
class User extends MongoLid {
protected $collection = 'users';
}MongoLid will also assume each collection has a primary key attribute named _id. Since MongoDB requires an _id for every single document. The _id attribute can be of any kind. The default kind for this attribute is MongoId. Learn more about the MongoId.
Note: MongoLid will automatically convert strings in MongoId format (For example: "4af9f23d8ead0e1d32000000") to MongoId when querying or saving an object.
Once a model is defined, you are ready to start retrieving and creating documents in your collection.
Retrieving All Models
$users = User::all();Retrieving A Document By Primary Key
$user = User::first('4af9f23d8ead0e1d32000000');
// or
$user = User::find('4af9f23d8ead0e1d32000000');Retrieving One Document By attribute
$user = User::first(['name'=>'bob']);Retrieving One or Many Document By attribute
$users = User::find(['status'=>'new']);
if( $users instanceOf User ) // Check if One user has been retrieved
{
echo $users->name;
}
else // Means that many users has been found matching the criterea "status: new"
{
foreach( $users as $user )
{
echo $user->name;
}
}Retrieving Many Documents By attribute
$users = User::where(['role'=>'visitor']);Querying Using MongoLid Models
$users = User::where(['votes'=>['$gt'=>100]])->limit(10);
foreach ($users as $user)
{
var_dump($user->name);
}MongoLid Count
$count = User::where(['votes'=>['$gt'=>100]])->count();In MongoDB, a cursor is used to iterate through the results of a database query. For example, to query the database and see all results:
$cursor = User::where(['kind'=>'visitor']);In the above example, the $cursor variable will be a Zizaco\Mongolid\OdmCursor.
The MongoLid's OdmCursor extends the original MongoCursor object of the official MongoDB Driver. Learn more about MongoCursor. The main difference between the original MongoCursor and the MongoLid's OdmCursor is that the OdmCursor returns objects (instances of your models) instead of arrays.
The cursor object has alot of methods that helps you to iterate, refine and get information. For example:
$cursor = User::where(['kind'=>'visitor']);
// Return an explanation of the query, often useful for optimization and debugging
$cursor->explain();
// Sorts the results by given fields. In the example bellow, it sorts by username DESC
$cursor->sort( ['username'=>-1] );
// Limits the number of results returned. Good pagination
$cursor->limit( 10 );
// Skips a number of results. Good for pagination
$cursor->skip( 20 );
// Checks if the cursor is reading a valid result.
$cursor->valid();
// Returns the first result
$cursor->first();You can also chain some methods:
$page = 2;
// In order to display 10 results per page
$cursor = User::all()->sort( ['_id'=>1] )->skip( 10 * $page )->limit( 10 );When creating a new model, you pass an array of attributes to the model constructor. These attributes are then assigned to the model via mass-assignment. This is convenient; however, can be a serious security concern when blindly passing user input into a model. If user input is blindly passed into a model, the user is free to modify any and all of the model's attributes. By default, all attributes are fillable.
To get started, set the fillable or guarded properties on your model.
The fillable property specifies which attributes should be mass-assignable. This can be set at the class or instance level.
Defining Fillable Attributes On A Model
class User extends MongoLid {
protected $fillable = array('first_name', 'last_name', 'email');
}In this example, only the three listed attributes will be mass-assignable.
The inverse of fillable is guarded, and serves as a "black-list" instead of a "white-list":
Defining Guarded Attributes On A Model
class User extends MongoLid {
protected $guarded = array('id', 'password');
}In the example above, the id and password attributes may not be mass assigned. All other attributes will be mass assignable.
To create a new document in the database from a model, simply create a new model instance and call the save method.
Saving A New Model
$user = new User;
$user->name = 'John';
$user->save();Note: Typically, your MongoLid models will have auto-generated
_idkeys. However, if you wish to specify your own keys, set the_idattribute.
To update a model, you may retrieve it, change an attribute, and use the save method:
Updating A Retrieved Model
$user = User::first('4af9f23d8ead0e1d32000000');
$user->email = 'john@foo.com';
$user->save();To delete a model, simply call the delete method on the instance:
Deleting An Existing Model
$user = User::first('4af9f23d8ead0e1d32000000');
$user->delete();Of course, your database collections are probably related to one another. For example, a blog post may have many comments, or an order could be related to the user who placed it. MongoLid makes managing and working with these relationships easy. MongoDB and MongoLid in short supports four types of relationships:
Note: MongoDB relationships doesn't works like in a Relational database. In MongoDB, data modeling decisions involve determining how to structure the documents to model the data effectively. The primary decision is whether to embed or to use references. See MongoDB - Data Modeling Decisions for more information on this subject.
Read MongoDB - Data Modeling Embedding to learn more how to take advantage of document embedding.
A Embeds One relationship is a very basic relation. For example, a User model might have one Phone. We can define this relation in Mongolid:
Defining A Embeds One Relation
// models/User.php
class User extends Mongolid {
// This model is saved in the collection users
protected $collection = 'users';
// Method that will be used to access the phone
public function phone()
{
return $this->embedsOne('Phone', 'phone');
}
}
// models/Phone.php
class Phone extends Mongolid {
// This model will be embedded only
protected $collection = null;
public function getFullPhone()
{
return '+' . $this->regionCode . $this->number;
}
}The first argument passed to the embedsOne method is the name of the related model. The second argument is in what attribute that object (array with it's attributes) is saved. Once the relationship is defined, we may retrieve it using:
$phone = User::find('4af9f23d8ead0e1d32000000')->phone();This statement will perform the following:
- Query for the user with the
_id'4af9f23d8ead0e1d32000000' - Instantiate a Phone object with the attributes found in 'phone' attribute of the user
- Return that object
In order to embed a document to be used in a Embeds One relationship, simply set the attribute to an array with the attributes of the embeded model. For example:
// The object that will be embeded
$phoneObj = new Phone;
$phoneObj->regionCode = '55';
$phoneObj->number = '1532323232';
// The object that will contain the phone
$user = User::first('4af9f23d8ead0e1d32000000');
// This method will embed the $phoneObj into the phone attribute of the user
$user->embed( 'phone', $phoneObj );
// This is an alias to the method called above.
$user->embedToPhone( $phoneObj );
// This will will also work
$user->phone = $phoneObj->attributes;
// Or
$user->phone = $phoneObj->toArray();
// Or even
$user->phone = array(
'regionCode' => $phoneObj->regionCode,
'number' => $phoneObj->number
);
$user->save();
// Now we can retrieve the object by calling
$user->phone(); // Will return a Phone object similar to $phoneObjNote: When using MongoLid models you will need to call the
save()method after embeding or attaching objects. The changes will only persists after you call the 'save()' method.
An example of a Embeds Many relation is a blog post that "has many" comments. We can model this relation like so:
// models/Post.php
class Post extends Mongolid {
protected $collection = 'posts';
public function comments()
{
return $this->embedsMany('Comment', 'comments');
}
}
// models/Comment.php
class Comment extends Mongolid{
// This model will be embedded only
protected $collection = null;
}Now we can access the post's comments array through the comments method:
$comments = Post::find('4af9f23d8ead0e1d32000000')->comments();Now you can iterate the array of Comment objects
foreach( $comments as $comment )
{
if(! $comment->hidden )
echo $comment;
}In order to embed a document to be used in a Embeds One relationship, you may use the embed method or the alias embedToAttribute:
$commentA = new Comment;
$commentA->content = 'Cool feature bro!';
$commentB = new Comment;
$commentB->content = 'Awesome!';
$post = Post::first('4af9f23d8ead0e1d32000000');
// Both ways work
$post->embedToComments( $commentA );
$post->embed( 'Comments', $commentB );
$post->save();Note: When using MongoLid models you will need to call the
save()method after embeding or attaching objects. The changes will only persists after you call the 'save()' method.
In MongoLid a reference is made by storing the _id of the referenced object.
Referencing provides more flexibility than embedding; however, to resolve the references, client-side applications must issue follow-up queries. In other words, using references requires more roundtrips to the server.
In general, use references when embedding would result in duplication of data and would not provide sufficient read performance advantages to outweigh the implications of the duplication. Read MongoDB - Data Modeling Referencing to learn more how to take advantage of referencing in MongoDB.
Defining A References One Relation
// models/Post.php
class Post extends Mongolid {
protected $collection = 'posts';
public function author()
{
return $this->referencesOne('User', 'author');
}
}
// models/User.php
class User extends Mongolid{
protected $collection = 'users';
}The first argument passed to the referencesOne method is the name of the related model, the second argument is the attribute where the referenced model _id will be stored. Once the relationship is defined, we may retrieve it using the following method:
$user = Post::find('4af9f23d8ead0e1d32000000')->author();This statement will perform the following:
- Query for the post with the
_id'4af9f23d8ead0e1d32000000' - Query for the user with the
_idequals to the author attribute of the post - Return that object
In order to set a reference to a document, simply set the attribute used in the relationship to the reference's _id or use the attach method or it's alias. For example:
// The object that will be embeded
$userObj = new User;
$userObj->name = 'John';
$userObj->save() // This will populates the $userObj->_id
// The object that will contain the user
$post = Post::first('4af9f23d8ead0e1d32000000');
// This method will attach the $phoneObj into the phone attribute of the user
$post->attach( 'author', $userObj );
// This is an alias to the method called above.
$post->attachToAuthor( $userObj );
// This will will also work
$post->author = $userObj->_id;
$post->save();
$post->author(); // Will return a User objectNote: When using MongoLid models you will need to call the
save()method after embeding or attaching objects. The changes will only persists after you call the 'save()' method.
In MongoLid a references many is made by storing an array containing the _id of the referenced objects.
Referencing provides more flexibility than embedding; however, to resolve the references, client-side applications must issue follow-up queries. In other words, using references requires more roundtrips to the server.
In general, use references when embedding would result in duplication of data and would not provide sufficient read performance advantages to outweigh the implications of the duplication. Read MongoDB - Data Modeling Referencing to learn more how to take advantage of referencing in MongoDB.
Defining A References Many Relation
// models/User.php
class User extends Mongolid{
protected $collection = 'users';
public function posts()
{
return $this->referencesMany('Post', 'posts');
}
}
// models/Post.php
class Post extends Mongolid {
protected $collection = 'posts';
}The first argument passed to the referencesMany method is the name of the related model, the second argument is the attribute where the _ids will be stored. Once the relationship is defined, we may retrieve it using the following method:
$posts = User::find('4af9f23d8ead0e1d32000000')->posts();This statement will perform the following:
- Query for the user with the
_id'4af9f23d8ead0e1d32000000' - Query for all the posts with the
_idin the user's posts attribute - Return the OdmCursor with the related posts
In order to set a reference to a document use the attach method or it's alias. For example:
$postA = new Post;
$postA->title = 'Nice post';
$postB = new Post;
$postB->title = 'Nicer post';
$user = User::first('4af9f23d8ead0e1d32000000');
// Both ways work
$user->attachToPosts( $postA );
$user->attach( 'posts', $postB );
$user->save();Note: When using MongoLid models you will need to call the
save()method after embeding or attaching objects. The changes will only persists after you call the 'save()' method.
When building JSON APIs, you may often need to convert your models to arrays or JSON. So, MongoLid includes methods for doing so. To convert a model and its loaded relationship to an array, you may use the toArray method:
Converting A Model To An Array
$user = User::with('roles')->first();
return $user->toArray();Note that entire collections of models may also be converted to arrays:
return User::all()->toArray();To convert a model to JSON, you may use the toJson method:
Converting A Model To JSON
return User::find(1)->toJson();Note that when a model or collection is cast to a string, it will be converted to JSON, meaning you can return MongoLid objects directly from your application's routes!
Returning A Model From A Route
Route::get('users', function()
{
return User::all();
});MongoLid Laravel comes with a Laravel auth driver. In order to use it, simply change the 'driver' value in your app/config/auth.php to 'mongoLid' and make sure that the class specified in 'model' is a MongoLid model that implements the UserInterface:
...
'driver' => 'mongoLid',
...
'model' => 'User',
...The User model should implement the UserInterface:
<?php
use Illuminate\Auth\UserInterface;
class User extends MongoLid implements UserInterface {
/**
* The database collection used by the model.
*
* @var string
*/
protected $collection = 'users';
/**
* The attributes excluded from the model's JSON form.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $hidden = array('password');
/**
* Get the unique identifier for the user.
*
* @return mixed
*/
public function getAuthIdentifier()
{
return $this->_id;
}
/**
* Get the password for the user.
*
* @return string
*/
public function getAuthPassword()
{
return $this->password;
}
}
Now, to log a user into your application, you may use the Auth::attempt method. You can use any method regarding authentication.
"PHP Fatal error: Class 'MongoClient' not found in ..."
The MongoClient class is contained in the MongoDB driver for PHP. Here is an installation guide. The driver is a PHP extension written in C and maintained by MongoDB. MongoLid and most other MongoDB PHP libraries utilize it in order to be fast and reliable.
"Class 'MongoClient' not found in ..." in CLI persists even with MongoDB driver installed.
Make sure that the php.ini file used in the CLI environment includes the MongoDB extension. In some systems, the default PHP installation uses different .ini files for the web and CLI environments.
Run php -i | grep 'Configuration File' in a terminal to check the .ini that is being used.
To check if PHP in the CLI environment is importing the driver properly run php -i | grep 'Mongo' in your terminal. You should get output similar to:
$ php -i | grep 'Mongo'
MongoDB Support => enabled
MongoLid & MongoLid Laravel are free software distributed under the terms of the MIT license
Any questions, feel free to contact me.
Any issues, please report here