Bump ubuntu from 22.04 to 24.04 in /Docker/Linux (#234)

Bumps ubuntu from 22.04 to 24.04.

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: ubuntu
  dependency-type: direct:production
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

Docker/Linux/Dockerfile

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
-FROM ubuntu:22.04@sha256:77906da86b60585ce12215807090eb327e7386c8fafb5402369e421f44eff17e
+FROM ubuntu:24.04@sha256:b55df21cae27ec779aaa7085cf8619e6510d293614d11a7c7cf2c5c105c374f8
 
 # Install dependencies
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \