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EVM Instructions

0x00 STOP

Halts execution. Immidietly stops execution of the bytecode.

Input Args

None

Return

None

0x01 ADD

Addition operation Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack and adds them.

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

value1 + value2

0x02 MUL

Multiplication operation. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack and multiplies them.

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

value1 * value2

0x03 SUB

Subtraction operation. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack and substract them.

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

value1 - value2

0x04 DIV

Integer division operation. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack and divide them.

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

(value2 != 0) ? value1 / value2 : 0

0x05 SDIV

Signed integer division operation (truncated). Where all values are treated as two’s complement signed 256-bit integers. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack and divide them.

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

(value1 == -2^255 && value2 == -1) ? -2^255 : (value2 == 0) ? 0 : sgn (value1/value2) * value1/value2

0x06 MOD

Modulo remainder operation. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack.

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

(value2 != 0) ? value1 % value2 : 0

0x07 SMOD

Signed modulo remainder operation. Where all values are treated as two’s complement signed 256-bit integers. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack.

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

(value2 != 0) ? sgn (value1) * (value1 % value2) : 0

0x08 ADDMOD

Modulo addition operation. All intermediate calculations of this operation are not subject to the 2^256 modulo. Pops three word(32byte) elements from the stack

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
  • value3 - module (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

(value3 != 0) ? (value1 + value2) % value3 : 0

0x09 MULMOD

Modulo multiplication operation. All intermediate calculations of this operation are not subject to the 2^256 modulo. Pops three word(32byte) elements from the stack

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
  • value3 - module (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

(value3 != 0) ? (value1 * value2) % value3 : 0

0x0a EXP

Exponential operation. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack.

Input Args
  • value1 - base value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - exponent value (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

value1 ^ value2

0x0b SIGNEXTEND

Extend length of two’s complement signed integer. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack.

Input Args
  • value1 - length. Should be in range [0x00 ... 0x20] (32 bytes)
  • value2 - original integer value. (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

Replaces all bits of the first 31 - value1 bytes with the first bit of byte number 31 - value1 and the rest of the bytes are copyied from the original.

0x10 LT

Less-than comparision. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack.

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

(value1 < value2) ? 1 : 0

0x11 GT

Greater-than comparision. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack.

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

(value1 > value2) ? 1 : 0

0x12 SLT

Signed less-than comparision. Where all values are treated as two’s complement signed 256-bit integers. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack.

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

(value1 < value2) ? 1 : 0

0x13 SGT

Signed greater-than comparision. Where all values are treated as two’s complement signed 256-bit integers. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack.

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

(value1 > value2) ? 1 : 0

0x14 EQ

Equality comparision. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack.

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

(value1 == value2) ? 1 : 0

0x15 ISZERO

Simple not operator. Pops one word(32byte) element from the stack.

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
Return

(value1 == 0) ? 1 : 0

0x16 AND

Bitwise AND operation. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack and perform a bitwise && operation.

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

value1 && value2

0x17 OR

Bitwise OR operation. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack and perform a bitwise || operation.

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

value1 || value2

0x18 XOR

Bitwise XOR operation. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack and perform a bitwise (+) operation.

Input Args
  • value1 - first value (32 bytes)
  • value2 - second value (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

value1 XOR value2

0x19 NOT

Bitwise NOT operation. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack and perform a bitwise NOT operation.

Input Args
  • value1 - argument to be nagaited (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

!value1

0x1a BYTE

Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack.

Input Args
  • value1 - byte number. Should be in decimal range [0...32) (32 bytes)
  • value2 - argument (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

(value1 < 32) ? value2[value1] : 0

0x20 SHA3

Compute Keccak-256 hash. Pops two word(32byte) elements from the stack.

Input Args
  • value1 - Index of the first element from memory. (32 bytes)
  • value2 - Length (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

sha3(memory(value1)...memory(value1 + value2 - 1))

0x30 ADDRESS

Get address of currently executing account. Pops a word(32byte) element from the stack.

Input Args
  • none
Return (32 bytes)

address

0x31 BALANCE

Get balance of the provided account. Pops a word(32byte) element from the stack.

Input Args
  • value1 - Account address (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

Balance of the account with address value1. 0 if such account does not exist.

0x32 ORIGIN

Get address of currently executing account. This is the sender of original transaction; it is never an account with non-empty associated code.

Input Args
  • none
Return (32 bytes)

address

0x33 CALLER

Get caller address. This is the address of the account that is directly responsible for this execution.

Input Args
  • none
Return (32 bytes)

address

0x34 CALLVALUE

Get deposited value by the instruction/transaction responsible for this execution.

Input Args
  • none
Return (32 bytes)

bigint

0x35 CALLDATALOAD

Get input data of current environment. This pertains to the input data passed with the message call instruction or transaction.

Input Args
  • value1 - index (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

data (Takes 32 bytes of data from position=value1 from input memory. If memory is not set such byte is 0)

0x36 CALLDATASIZE

Get size of input data in current environment. This pertains to the input data passed with the message call instruction or transaction.

Input Args
  • none
Return (32 bytes)

data (The total size of input data in bytes)

0x37 CALLDATACOPY

Copy input data in current environment to memory.

Input Args
  • value1 - memory start index (32 bytes)
  • value2 - input memory start index (32 bytes)
  • value3 - length. number of bytes to copy (32 bytes)
Return

None

0x38 CODESIZE

Get size of code running in current environment.

Input Args
  • none
Return (32 bytes)

data (The total size of the code of the current contract which called this instruction)

0x39 CODECOPY

Copy code running in current environment to memory. if bytes of the code not defined 0x00 is copied instead.

Input Args
  • value1 - memory start index. (32 bytes)
  • value2 - current environment code index. (32 bytes)
  • value3 - length. number of bytes to copy (32 bytes)
Return

none

0x3a GASPRICE

Get price of gas in current environment. This is gas price specified by the originating transaction.

Input Args
  • none
Return (32 bytes)

data

0x3b EXTCODESIZE

Get size of an account’s code.

Input Args
  • value1 - address of the account (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

data (size of the code of a given account address. 0 if account does not exist)

0x3c EXTCODECOPY

Copy value4 bytes from value1 account’s code starting at position value3 to memory from position value2. If code at position is not defined 0x00 byte is copied instead.

Input Args
  • value1 - address (32 bytes)
  • value2 - memory start index (32 bytes)
  • value3 - external account (address) code start index (32 bytes)
  • value4 - number of bytes to copy (32 bytes)
Return

none

0x40 BLOCKHASH

Get the hash of one of the 256 most recent complete blocks. Where blockhash(number) is the hash of a block of a particular number, up to a maximum age. 0 is left on the stack if the looked for block number is greater than the current block number or more than 256 blocks behind the current block.

Input Args
  • value1 - block number (32 bytes)
Return (32 bytes)

(value1 > currentBlockNumber || value1 < currentBlockNumber - 256) ? 0 : blokhash(blocknumber)