diff --git a/lib/parser/source/range.rb b/lib/parser/source/range.rb
index 9463651b5..1850ae527 100644
--- a/lib/parser/source/range.rb
+++ b/lib/parser/source/range.rb
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ module Source
     #        ^^
     #
     # @!attribute [r] source_buffer
-    #  @return [Parser::Diagnostic::Engine]
+    #  @return [Parser::Source::Buffer]
     #
     # @!attribute [r] begin_pos
     #  @return [Integer] index of the first character in the range
diff --git a/lib/parser/source/tree_rewriter.rb b/lib/parser/source/tree_rewriter.rb
index 1baf7ba09..9e0ec8fef 100644
--- a/lib/parser/source/tree_rewriter.rb
+++ b/lib/parser/source/tree_rewriter.rb
@@ -129,6 +129,8 @@ def empty?
       ##
       # Merges the updates of argument with the receiver.
       # Policies of the receiver are used.
+      # This action is atomic in that it won't change the receiver
+      # unless it succeeds.
       #
       # @param [Rewriter] with
       # @return [Rewriter] self
@@ -154,6 +156,32 @@ def merge(with)
         dup.merge!(with)
       end
 
+      ##
+      # For special cases where one needs to merge a rewriter attached to a different source_buffer
+      # or that needs to be offset. Policies of the receiver are used.
+      #
+      # @param [TreeRewriter] rewriter from different source_buffer
+      # @param [Integer] offset
+      # @return [Rewriter] self
+      # @raise [IndexError] if action ranges (once offset) don't fit the current buffer
+      #
+      def import!(foreign_rewriter, offset: 0)
+        return self if foreign_rewriter.empty?
+
+        contracted = foreign_rewriter.action_root.contract
+        merge_effective_range = ::Parser::Source::Range.new(
+          @source_buffer,
+          contracted.range.begin_pos + offset,
+          contracted.range.end_pos + offset,
+        )
+        check_range_validity(merge_effective_range)
+
+        merge_with = contracted.moved(@source_buffer, offset)
+
+        @action_root = @action_root.combine(merge_with)
+        self
+      end
+
       ##
       # Replaces the code of the source range `range` with `content`.
       #
@@ -234,6 +262,44 @@ def process
         chunks.join
       end
 
+      ##
+      # Returns a representation of the rewriter as an ordered list of replacements.
+      #
+      #     rewriter.as_replacements # => [ [1...1, '('],
+      #                                     [2...4, 'foo'],
+      #                                     [5...6, ''],
+      #                                     [6...6, '!'],
+      #                                     [10...10, ')'],
+      #                                   ]
+      #
+      # This representation is sufficient to recreate the result of `process` but it is
+      # not sufficient to recreate completely the rewriter for further merging/actions.
+      # See `as_nested_actions`
+      #
+      # @return [Array<Range, String>] an ordered list of pairs of range & replacement
+      #
+      def as_replacements
+        @action_root.ordered_replacements
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # Returns a representation of the rewriter as nested insertions (:wrap) and replacements.
+      #
+      #     rewriter.as_actions # =>[ [:wrap, 1...10, '(', ')'],
+      #                               [:wrap, 2...6, '', '!'],  # aka "insert_after"
+      #                               [:replace, 2...4, 'foo'],
+      #                               [:replace, 5...6, ''],  # aka "removal"
+      #                             ],
+      #
+      # Contrary to `as_replacements`, this representation is sufficient to recreate exactly
+      # the rewriter.
+      #
+      # @return [Array<(Symbol, Range, String{, String})>]
+      #
+      def as_nested_actions
+        @action_root.nested_actions
+      end
+
       ##
       # Provides a protected block where a sequence of multiple rewrite actions
       # are handled atomically. If any of the actions failed by clobbering,
@@ -310,7 +376,7 @@ def combine(range, attributes)
 
       def check_range_validity(range)
         if range.begin_pos < 0 || range.end_pos > @source_buffer.source.size
-          raise IndexError, "The range #{range} is outside the bounds of the source"
+          raise IndexError, "The range #{range.to_range} is outside the bounds of the source"
         end
         range
       end
diff --git a/lib/parser/source/tree_rewriter/action.rb b/lib/parser/source/tree_rewriter/action.rb
index 69b5799bd..26cc02600 100644
--- a/lib/parser/source/tree_rewriter/action.rb
+++ b/lib/parser/source/tree_rewriter/action.rb
@@ -46,10 +46,49 @@ def ordered_replacements
         reps
       end
 
+      def nested_actions
+        actions = []
+        actions << [:wrap, @range, @insert_before, @insert_after] if !@insert_before.empty? ||
+                                                                     !@insert_after.empty?
+        actions << [:replace, @range, @replacement] if @replacement
+        actions.concat(@children.flat_map(&:nested_actions))
+      end
+
       def insertion?
         !insert_before.empty? || !insert_after.empty? || (replacement && !replacement.empty?)
       end
 
+      ##
+      # A root action has its range set to the whole source range, even
+      # though it typically do not act on that range.
+      # This method returns the action as if it was a child action with
+      # its range contracted.
+      # @return [Action]
+      def contract
+        raise 'Empty actions can not be contracted' if empty?
+        return self if insertion?
+        range = @range.with(
+          begin_pos: children.first.range.begin_pos,
+          end_pos: children.last.range.end_pos,
+        )
+        with(range: range)
+      end
+
+      ##
+      # @return [Action] that has been moved to the given source_buffer and with the given offset
+      # No check is done on validity of resulting range.
+      def moved(source_buffer, offset)
+        moved_range = ::Parser::Source::Range.new(
+          source_buffer,
+          @range.begin_pos + offset,
+          @range.end_pos + offset
+        )
+        with(
+          range: moved_range,
+          children: children.map { |child| child.moved(source_buffer, offset) }
+        )
+      end
+
       protected
 
       attr_reader :children
diff --git a/test/test_source_tree_rewriter.rb b/test/test_source_tree_rewriter.rb
index 282d566b1..4fca87be1 100644
--- a/test/test_source_tree_rewriter.rb
+++ b/test/test_source_tree_rewriter.rb
@@ -3,20 +3,25 @@
 require 'helper'
 
 class TestSourceTreeRewriter < Minitest::Test
-  def setup
-    @buf = Parser::Source::Buffer.new('(rewriter)',
-      source: 'puts(:hello, :world)')
+  module Setup
+    def setup
+      @buf = Parser::Source::Buffer.new('(rewriter)',
+        source: 'puts(:hello, :world)')
+
+      @hello = range(5, 6)
+      @ll = range(8, 2)
+      @comma_space = range(11,2)
+      @world = range(13,6)
+      @whole = range(0, @buf.source.length)
+    end
 
-    @hello = range(5, 6)
-    @ll = range(7, 2)
-    @comma_space = range(11,2)
-    @world = range(13,6)
-    @whole = range(0, @buf.source.length)
+    def range(from, len = nil)
+      from, len = from.begin, from.end - from.begin unless len
+      Parser::Source::Range.new(@buf, from, from + len)
+    end
   end
 
-  def range(from, len)
-    Parser::Source::Range.new(@buf, from, from + len)
-  end
+  include Setup
 
   # Returns either:
   #  - yield rewriter
@@ -260,4 +265,97 @@ def test_merge
       [:wrap, @hello.join(@world), '@', '@'],
     ])
   end
+
+  def representation_example
+    Parser::Source::TreeRewriter.new(@buf)
+      .wrap(range(1...10), '(', ')')
+      .insert_after(range(2...6), '!')
+      .replace(range(2...4), 'foo')
+      .remove(range(5...6))
+  end
+
+  def test_nested_actions
+    result = representation_example.as_nested_actions
+
+    assert_equal( [ [:wrap, 1...10, '(', ')'],
+                    [:wrap, 2...6, '', '!'],  # aka "insert_after"
+                    [:replace, 2...4, 'foo'],
+                    [:replace, 5...6, ''],  # aka "removal"
+                  ],
+                  result.each {|arr| arr[1] = arr[1].to_range }
+                )
+  end
+
+  def test_ordered_replacements
+    result = representation_example.as_replacements
+
+    assert_equal( [ [ 1...1, '('],
+                    [ 2...4, 'foo'],
+                    [ 5...6, ''],
+                    [ 6...6, '!'],
+                    [ 10...10, ')'],
+                  ],
+                  result.map {|r, s| [r.to_range, s]}
+                )
+  end
+end
+
+class TestSourceTreeRewriterImport < Minitest::Test
+  include TestSourceTreeRewriter::Setup
+  def setup
+    super
+    @buf2 = Parser::Source::Buffer.new('(rewriter 2)',
+      source: ':hello')
+
+    @rewriter = Parser::Source::TreeRewriter.new(@buf)
+
+    @rewriter2 = Parser::Source::TreeRewriter.new(@buf2)
+
+    @hello2 = range2(0, 6)
+    @ll2 = range2(3, 2)
+  end
+
+  def range2(from, len)
+    Parser::Source::Range.new(@buf2, from, from + len)
+  end
+
+  def test_import_with_offset
+    @rewriter2.wrap(@hello2, '[', ']')
+    @rewriter.wrap(@hello.join(@world), '{', '}')
+    @rewriter.import!(@rewriter2, offset: @hello.begin_pos)
+    assert_equal 'puts({[:hello], :world})', @rewriter.process
+  end
+
+  def test_import_with_offset_from_bigger_source
+    @rewriter2.wrap(@ll2, '[', ']')
+    @rewriter.wrap(@hello, '{', '}')
+    @rewriter2.import!(@rewriter, offset: -@hello.begin_pos)
+    assert_equal '{:he[ll]o}', @rewriter2.process
+  end
+
+  def test_import_with_offset_and_self
+    @rewriter.wrap(@ll, '[', ']')
+    @rewriter.import!(@rewriter, offset: +3)
+    @rewriter.replace(range(8,1), '**')
+    assert_equal 'puts(:he[**l]o[, ]:world)', @rewriter.process
+    @rewriter.import!(@rewriter, offset: -6)
+    assert_equal 'pu[**s]([:h]e[**l]o[, ]:world)', @rewriter.process
+  end
+
+  def test_import_with_invalid_offset
+    @rewriter.wrap(@ll, '[', ']')
+    m = @rewriter.dup.import!(@rewriter, offset: -@ll.begin_pos)
+    assert_equal '[pu]ts(:he[ll]o, :world)', m.process
+    off = @buf.source.size - @ll.end_pos
+    m = @rewriter.dup.import!(@rewriter, offset: off)
+    assert_equal 'puts(:he[ll]o, :worl[d)]', m.process
+    assert_raises { @rewriter.import!(@rewriter, offset: -@ll.begin_pos - 1) }
+    assert_raises { @rewriter.import!(@rewriter, offset: off + 1) }
+    assert_equal 'puts(:he[ll]o, :world)', @rewriter.process # Test atomicity of import!
+  end
+
+  def test_empty_import
+    assert_equal @rewriter, @rewriter.import!(@rewriter2)
+    assert_equal @rewriter, @rewriter.import!(@rewriter, offset: 42)
+  end
 end