diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/css.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/css.ts
index 6e37d769f5beed..45ff0525b1042d 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/css.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/css.ts
@@ -108,7 +108,6 @@ const htmlProxyRE = /(\?|&)html-proxy\b/
 const commonjsProxyRE = /\?commonjs-proxy/
 const inlineRE = /(\?|&)inline\b/
 const inlineCSSRE = /(\?|&)inline-css\b/
-const usedRE = /(\?|&)used\b/
 const varRE = /^var\(/i
 
 const cssBundleName = 'style.css'
@@ -406,18 +405,19 @@ export function cssPostPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
       }
 
       let code: string
-      if (usedRE.test(id)) {
-        if (modulesCode) {
-          code = modulesCode
-        } else {
-          let content = css
-          if (config.build.minify) {
-            content = await minifyCSS(content, config)
-          }
-          code = `export default ${JSON.stringify(content)}`
-        }
+      if (modulesCode) {
+        code = modulesCode
       } else {
-        code = `export default ''`
+        let content = css
+        if (config.build.minify) {
+          content = await minifyCSS(content, config)
+        }
+        // marking as pure to make it tree-shakable by minifier
+        // but the module itself is still treated as a non tree-shakable module
+        // because moduleSideEffects is 'no-treeshake'
+        code = `export default /* #__PURE__ */ (() => ${JSON.stringify(
+          content
+        )})()`
       }
 
       return {
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importAnalysisBuild.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importAnalysisBuild.ts
index 43f35a7147876d..c365eae4a38f4e 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importAnalysisBuild.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importAnalysisBuild.ts
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@ import type { ImportSpecifier } from 'es-module-lexer'
 import { init, parse as parseImports } from 'es-module-lexer'
 import type { OutputChunk, SourceMap } from 'rollup'
 import type { RawSourceMap } from '@ampproject/remapping'
-import { bareImportRE, combineSourcemaps, isRelativeBase } from '../utils'
+import { combineSourcemaps, isRelativeBase } from '../utils'
 import type { Plugin } from '../plugin'
 import type { ResolvedConfig } from '../config'
 import { genSourceMapUrl } from '../server/sourcemap'
-import { isCSSRequest, removedPureCssFilesCache } from './css'
+import { removedPureCssFilesCache } from './css'
 
 /**
  * A flag for injected helpers. This flag will be set to `false` if the output
@@ -145,14 +145,7 @@ export function buildImportAnalysisPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
       let needPreloadHelper = false
 
       for (let index = 0; index < imports.length; index++) {
-        const {
-          s: start,
-          e: end,
-          ss: expStart,
-          se: expEnd,
-          n: specifier,
-          d: dynamicIndex
-        } = imports[index]
+        const { ss: expStart, se: expEnd, d: dynamicIndex } = imports[index]
 
         const isDynamic = dynamicIndex > -1
 
@@ -166,27 +159,6 @@ export function buildImportAnalysisPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
             })`
           )
         }
-
-        // Differentiate CSS imports that use the default export from those that
-        // do not by injecting a ?used query - this allows us to avoid including
-        // the CSS string when unnecessary (esbuild has trouble tree-shaking
-        // them)
-        if (
-          specifier &&
-          isCSSRequest(specifier) &&
-          // always inject ?used query when it is a dynamic import
-          // because there is no way to check whether the default export is used
-          (source.slice(expStart, start).includes('from') || isDynamic) &&
-          // already has ?used query (by import.meta.glob)
-          !specifier.match(/\?used(&|$)/) &&
-          // edge case for package names ending with .css (e.g normalize.css)
-          !(bareImportRE.test(specifier) && !specifier.includes('/'))
-        ) {
-          const url = specifier.replace(/\?|$/, (m) => `?used${m ? '&' : ''}`)
-          str().overwrite(start, end, isDynamic ? `'${url}'` : url, {
-            contentOnly: true
-          })
-        }
       }
 
       if (
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importMetaGlob.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importMetaGlob.ts
index 625d9e8fa3a162..b624d7e609bcb1 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importMetaGlob.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importMetaGlob.ts
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ import type { ViteDevServer } from '../server'
 import type { ModuleNode } from '../server/moduleGraph'
 import type { ResolvedConfig } from '../config'
 import { normalizePath, slash } from '../utils'
-import { isCSSRequest } from './css'
 
 const { isMatch, scan } = micromatch
 
@@ -393,9 +392,6 @@ export async function transformGlobImport(
             let importPath = paths.importPath
             let importQuery = query
 
-            if (isCSSRequest(file))
-              importQuery = importQuery ? `${importQuery}&used` : '?used'
-
             if (importQuery && importQuery !== '?raw') {
               const fileExtension = basename(file).split('.').slice(-1)[0]
               if (fileExtension && restoreQueryExtension)
diff --git a/playground/css/__tests__/css.spec.ts b/playground/css/__tests__/css.spec.ts
index 46951581f9eb83..e9d1fccac61d6e 100644
--- a/playground/css/__tests__/css.spec.ts
+++ b/playground/css/__tests__/css.spec.ts
@@ -415,9 +415,5 @@ test("relative path rewritten in Less's data-uri", async () => {
 test('PostCSS source.input.from includes query', async () => {
   const code = await page.textContent('.postcss-source-input')
   // should resolve assets
-  expect(code).toContain(
-    isBuild
-      ? '/postcss-source-input.css?used&query=foo'
-      : '/postcss-source-input.css?query=foo'
-  )
+  expect(code).toContain('/postcss-source-input.css?query=foo')
 })