feat(typescript-estree): add support for custom module resolution

[rdsedmundo]

Fixes #2771

See #3514 (comment) for context on why simply using the options.programs is not sufficient. tldr: when we pass a new program we have to re-implement a lot of what is already well done by the typescript-eslint team like caching and invalidating files properly.

I'm not too familiar with the codebase, but I did my best to follow the standards from the files I touched. The implementation is on the basis of this comment of @bradzacher.

[typescript-eslint]

Thanks for the PR, @rdsedmundo!

typescript-eslint is a 100% community driven project, and we are incredibly grateful that you are contributing to that community.

The core maintainers work on this in their personal time, so please understand that it may not be possible for them to review your work immediately.

Thanks again!

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[jondkoon]

Nice! 🚀

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #3516 (a0b73fa) into master (407a374) will increase coverage by 0.00%.
The diff coverage is 100.00%.

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master    #3516   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   92.64%   92.64%           
=======================================
  Files         326      326           
  Lines       11253    11263   +10     
  Branches     3171     3173    +2     
=======================================
+ Hits        10425    10435   +10     
  Misses        368      368           
  Partials      460      460           

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittest	92.64% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
...-estree/src/create-program/createDefaultProgram.ts	78.26% <100.00%> (+2.07%)	⬆️
...pt-estree/src/create-program/createWatchProgram.ts	77.27% <100.00%> (+0.23%)	⬆️
...ges/typescript-estree/src/create-program/shared.ts	90.19% <100.00%> (+1.30%)	⬆️

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[rdsedmundo]

@bradzacher I have improved the test coverage since the CI ran, can you allow it to run again? Thanks.

[bradzacher]

LGTM - thanks for your contribution!