diff --git a/CHANGES b/CHANGES
index d1a075373ad..502e621f643 100644
--- a/CHANGES
+++ b/CHANGES
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ Bugs fixed
 * #5419: incompatible math_block node has been generated
 * #5548: Fix ensuredir() in case of pre-existing file
 * #5549: graphviz Correctly deal with non-existing static dir
+* #3002: i18n: same node_id is assigned to multiple footnote_references
 
 Testing
 --------
diff --git a/sphinx/transforms/i18n.py b/sphinx/transforms/i18n.py
index f49e27df3d2..d7350812844 100644
--- a/sphinx/transforms/i18n.py
+++ b/sphinx/transforms/i18n.py
@@ -373,11 +373,11 @@ def is_refnamed_footnote_ref(node):
                                .format(old_foot_ref_rawsources, new_foot_ref_rawsources),
                                location=node)
             for old in old_foot_refs:
-                refname_ids_map[old["refname"]] = old["ids"]
+                refname_ids_map.setdefault(old["refname"], []).append(old["ids"])
             for new in new_foot_refs:
                 refname = new["refname"]
-                if refname in refname_ids_map:
-                    new["ids"] = refname_ids_map[refname]
+                if refname_ids_map.get(refname):
+                    new["ids"] = refname_ids_map[refname].pop(0)
 
             # citation should use original 'ids'.
             def is_citation_ref(node):
@@ -395,11 +395,11 @@ def is_citation_ref(node):
                                .format(old_cite_ref_rawsources, new_cite_ref_rawsources),
                                location=node)
             for old in old_cite_refs:
-                refname_ids_map[old["refname"]] = old["ids"]
+                refname_ids_map.setdefault(old["refname"], []).append(old["ids"])
             for new in new_cite_refs:
                 refname = new["refname"]
-                if refname in refname_ids_map:
-                    new["ids"] = refname_ids_map[refname]
+                if refname_ids_map.get(refname):
+                    new["ids"] = refname_ids_map[refname].pop()
 
             # Original pending_xref['reftarget'] contain not-translated
             # target name, new pending_xref must use original one.
diff --git a/tests/roots/test-intl/footnote.po b/tests/roots/test-intl/footnote.po
index 1dd6b93a7ca..869bf62fe69 100644
--- a/tests/roots/test-intl/footnote.po
+++ b/tests/roots/test-intl/footnote.po
@@ -19,8 +19,10 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "i18n with Footnote"
 msgstr "I18N WITH FOOTNOTE"
 
-msgid "[100]_ Contents [#]_ for `i18n with Footnote`_ [ref]_ [#named]_ [*]_."
-msgstr "`I18N WITH FOOTNOTE`_ INCLUDE THIS CONTENTS [#named]_ [ref]_ [#]_ [100]_ [*]_."
+msgid "[100]_ Contents [#]_ for `i18n with Footnote`_ [ref]_ [#named]_ [*]_. "
+"second footnote_ref [100]_."
+msgstr "`I18N WITH FOOTNOTE`_ INCLUDE THIS CONTENTS [#named]_ [ref]_ [#]_ [100]_ [*]_. "
+"SECOND FOOTNOTE_REF [100]_."
 
 msgid "This is a auto numbered footnote."
 msgstr "THIS IS A AUTO NUMBERED FOOTNOTE."
diff --git a/tests/roots/test-intl/footnote.txt b/tests/roots/test-intl/footnote.txt
index 04639fa0144..0bbed914595 100644
--- a/tests/roots/test-intl/footnote.txt
+++ b/tests/roots/test-intl/footnote.txt
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ i18n with Footnote
 .. #955 cant-build-html-with-footnotes-when-using
 
 [100]_ Contents [#]_ for `i18n with Footnote`_ [ref]_ [#named]_ [*]_.
+second footnote_ref [100]_.
 
 .. [#] This is a auto numbered footnote.
 .. [ref] This is a named footnote.
diff --git a/tests/test_intl.py b/tests/test_intl.py
index c8f90e41c38..aed323eed0f 100644
--- a/tests/test_intl.py
+++ b/tests/test_intl.py
@@ -794,9 +794,13 @@ def test_xml_footnotes(app, warning):
     assert_elem(
         para0[0],
         ['I18N WITH FOOTNOTE', 'INCLUDE THIS CONTENTS',
-         '2', '[ref]', '1', '100', '*', '.'],
+         '2', '[ref]', '1', '100', '*', '. SECOND FOOTNOTE_REF', '100', '.'],
         ['i18n-with-footnote', 'ref'])
 
+    # check node_id for footnote_references which refer same footnote (refs: #3002)
+    assert para0[0][4].text == para0[0][6].text == '100'
+    assert para0[0][4].attrib['ids'] != para0[0][6].attrib['ids']
+
     footnote0 = secs[0].findall('footnote')
     assert_elem(
         footnote0[0],
@@ -848,8 +852,8 @@ def test_xml_footnote_backlinks(app):
     footnote0 = secs[0].findall('footnote')
     for footnote in footnote0:
         ids = footnote.attrib.get('ids')
-        backrefs = footnote.attrib.get('backrefs')
-        assert refid2id[ids] == backrefs
+        backrefs = footnote.attrib.get('backrefs').split()
+        assert refid2id[ids] in backrefs
 
 
 @sphinx_intl