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aptitude

Aptitude vs. apt-get

http://pthree.org/2007/08/12/aptitude-vs-apt-get/

  • Historically apt-get wouldn't remove dependencies when removing a package, this has now been fixed with the "apt-get autoremove’ option.
  • Aptitude comes with built in interactive ncurses interface. Apt-get doesn't, but you can use dselect instead.
  • Aptitude logs its actions to /var/log/aptitude, apt-get logs to /var/log/dpkg
  • If you use the "interactive" UI of aptitude (by just typing "aptitude"), you can highlight a package and then press Shift + c and this will fetch the changelog for that package and show it in your default pager.
  • By default, aptitude is installing also recommends programs (i.e. programs recommends by other programs), so, by default, it will download and install more programs/libraries than apt-get. you may solve this 'problem' by typing

sudo aptitude --without-recommends install program_name

Apt-get

upgrade

sudo apt-get upgrade

upgrade is used to install the newest versions of all packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in /etc/apt/sources.list. Packages currently installed with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages not already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of currently installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install status of another package will be left at their current version. An update must be performed first so that apt-get knows that new versions of packages are available.

dist-upgrade

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

dist-upgrade in addition to performing the function of upgrade, also intelligently handles changing dependencies with new versions of packages; apt-get has a "smart" conflict resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most important packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary. So, dist-upgrade command may remove some packages. The /etc/apt/sources.list file contains a list of locations from which to retrieve desired package files. See also apt_preferences(5) for a mechanism for overriding the general settings for individual packages."

Aptitude

Interactive mode

C - see changelog. Will display a changelog in some instances where KPackageKit can't.

Simulation only

sudo aptitude -s

Updating list of available packages

sudo aptitude update Connects to sources in /etc/apt/sources.list and fetches list of available packages.

(this is equivalent to “apt-get update”)

safe-upgrade

sudo aptitude safe-upgrade

Upgrades installed packages to their most recent version. Installed packages will not be removed unless they are unused (see the section “Managing Automatically Installed Packages” in the aptitude reference manual). Packages which are not currently installed may be installed to resolve dependencies unless the "no-new-installs" command-line option is supplied.

It is sometimes necessary to remove one package in order to upgrade another; this command is not able to upgrade packages in such situations. Use the full-upgrade command to upgrade as many packages as possible.

!full-upgrade

sudo aptitude full-upgrade sudo aptitude dist-upgrade

Upgrades installed packages to their most recent version, removing or installing packages as necessary. This command is less conservative than safe-upgrade and thus more likely to perform unwanted actions. However, it is capable of upgrading packages that safe-upgrade cannot upgrade.

Note

This command was originally named dist-upgrade for historical reasons, and aptitude still recognizes dist-upgrade as a synonym for full-upgrade.