diff --git a/docs/user-guide/rules/list.md b/docs/user-guide/rules/list.md
index 8a841475b9..86926c1ed9 100644
--- a/docs/user-guide/rules/list.md
+++ b/docs/user-guide/rules/list.md
@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ Grouped first by the following categories and then by the [_thing_](http://apps.
 ### Color
 
 - [`color-function-notation`](../../../lib/rules/color-function-notation/README.md): Specify modern or legacy notation for applicable color-functions (Autofixable).
+- [`color-hex-alpha`](../../../lib/rules/color-hex-alpha/README.md): Require or disallow alpha channel for hex colors.
 - [`color-named`](../../../lib/rules/color-named/README.md): Require (where possible) or disallow named colors.
 - [`color-no-hex`](../../../lib/rules/color-no-hex/README.md): Disallow hex colors.
 
diff --git a/lib/rules/color-hex-alpha/README.md b/lib/rules/color-hex-alpha/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0f0499a6ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rules/color-hex-alpha/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# color-hex-alpha
+
+Require or disallow alpha channel for hex colors.
+
+<!-- prettier-ignore -->
+```css
+a { color: #fffa }
+/**            ↑
+ * This alpha channel */
+```
+
+## Options
+
+`string`: `"always"|"never"`
+
+### `"always"`
+
+The following patterns are considered violations:
+
+<!-- prettier-ignore -->
+```css
+a { color: #fff; }
+```
+
+<!-- prettier-ignore -->
+```css
+a { color: #ffffff; }
+```
+
+The following patterns are _not_ considered violations:
+
+<!-- prettier-ignore -->
+```css
+a { color: #fffa; }
+```
+
+<!-- prettier-ignore -->
+```css
+a { color: #ffffffaa; }
+```
+
+### `"never"`
+
+The following patterns are considered violations:
+
+<!-- prettier-ignore -->
+```css
+a { color: #fffa; }
+```
+
+<!-- prettier-ignore -->
+```css
+a { color: #ffffffaa; }
+```
+
+The following patterns are _not_ considered violations:
+
+<!-- prettier-ignore -->
+```css
+a { color: #fff; }
+```
+
+<!-- prettier-ignore -->
+```css
+a { color: #ffffff; }
+```
diff --git a/lib/rules/color-hex-alpha/__tests__/index.js b/lib/rules/color-hex-alpha/__tests__/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9dfae00e37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rules/color-hex-alpha/__tests__/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+'use strict';
+
+const postcssScss = require('postcss-scss');
+
+const { messages, ruleName } = require('..');
+
+testRule({
+	ruleName,
+	config: 'always',
+	accept: [
+		{
+			code: 'a { color: #ffff; }',
+		},
+		{
+			code: 'a { color: #ffffffff; }',
+		},
+		{
+			code: 'a { background: linear-gradient(to left, #fffa, #000000aa 100%); }',
+		},
+		{
+			code: 'a { background: url(#fff); }',
+		},
+	],
+	reject: [
+		{
+			code: 'a { color: #fff; }',
+			message: messages.expected('#fff'),
+			line: 1,
+			column: 12,
+		},
+		{
+			code: 'a { color: #ffffff; }',
+			message: messages.expected('#ffffff'),
+			line: 1,
+			column: 12,
+		},
+		{
+			code: 'a { background: linear-gradient(to left, #fff, #000000 100%); }',
+			warnings: [
+				{ message: messages.expected('#fff'), line: 1, column: 42 },
+				{ message: messages.expected('#000000'), line: 1, column: 48 },
+			],
+		},
+	],
+});
+
+testRule({
+	ruleName,
+	config: 'never',
+	accept: [
+		{
+			code: 'a { color: #fff; }',
+		},
+		{
+			code: 'a { color: #ffffff; }',
+		},
+	],
+	reject: [
+		{
+			code: 'a { color: #ffff; }',
+			message: messages.unexpected('#ffff'),
+			line: 1,
+			column: 12,
+		},
+	],
+});
+
+testRule({
+	ruleName,
+	config: 'always',
+	customSyntax: postcssScss,
+
+	accept: [
+		{
+			code: 'a { color: #{f}; }',
+			description: 'scss interpolation of 3 characters',
+		},
+		{
+			code: '$var: #ffff;',
+			description: 'alpha channel scss variable',
+		},
+	],
+	reject: [
+		{
+			code: '$var: #fff',
+			message: messages.expected('#fff'),
+			line: 1,
+			column: 7,
+			description: 'no alpha channel scss variable',
+		},
+	],
+});
diff --git a/lib/rules/color-hex-alpha/index.js b/lib/rules/color-hex-alpha/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..99d917e69b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rules/color-hex-alpha/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+// @ts-nocheck
+'use strict';
+
+const declarationValueIndex = require('../../utils/declarationValueIndex');
+const report = require('../../utils/report');
+const ruleMessages = require('../../utils/ruleMessages');
+const validateOptions = require('../../utils/validateOptions');
+const valueParser = require('postcss-value-parser');
+
+const ruleName = 'color-hex-alpha';
+
+const messages = ruleMessages(ruleName, {
+	expected: (hex) => `Expected alpha channel in "${hex}"`,
+	unexpected: (hex) => `Unexpected alpha channel in "${hex}"`,
+});
+
+const HEX = /^#([\da-f]{3,4}|[\da-f]{6}|[\da-f]{8})$/i;
+
+function rule(primary) {
+	return (root, result) => {
+		const validOptions = validateOptions(result, ruleName, {
+			actual: primary,
+			possible: ['always', 'never'],
+		});
+
+		if (!validOptions) return;
+
+		root.walkDecls((decl) => {
+			const parsedValue = valueParser(decl.value);
+
+			parsedValue.walk((node) => {
+				if (isUrlFunction(node)) return false;
+
+				if (!isHexColor(node)) return;
+
+				const { value } = node;
+
+				if (primary === 'always' && hasAlphaChannel(value)) return;
+
+				if (primary === 'never' && !hasAlphaChannel(value)) return;
+
+				report({
+					message: primary === 'never' ? messages.unexpected(value) : messages.expected(value),
+					node: decl,
+					index: declarationValueIndex(decl) + node.sourceIndex,
+					result,
+					ruleName,
+				});
+			});
+		});
+	};
+}
+
+function isUrlFunction({ type, value }) {
+	return type === 'function' && value === 'url';
+}
+
+function isHexColor({ type, value }) {
+	return type === 'word' && HEX.test(value);
+}
+
+function hasAlphaChannel(hex) {
+	return hex.length === 5 || hex.length === 9;
+}
+
+rule.ruleName = ruleName;
+rule.messages = messages;
+module.exports = rule;
diff --git a/lib/rules/index.js b/lib/rules/index.js
index a18a2d4fcb..f7345e7a08 100644
--- a/lib/rules/index.js
+++ b/lib/rules/index.js
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ const rules = {
 		require('./block-opening-brace-space-before'),
 	)(),
 	'color-function-notation': importLazy(() => require('./color-function-notation'))(),
+	'color-hex-alpha': importLazy(() => require('./color-hex-alpha'))(),
 	'color-hex-case': importLazy(() => require('./color-hex-case'))(),
 	'color-hex-length': importLazy(() => require('./color-hex-length'))(),
 	'color-named': importLazy(() => require('./color-named'))(),