Order of mediaTypesToUse list is different from the order of message converters

[scruel]

In AbstractMessageConverterMethodProcessor#writeWithMessageConverters method, it will create a list called mediaTypesToUse by acceptableTypes and producibleTypes, its order is not added as we excepted, so it will cause choosing the wrong selectedMediaType that will affect which converter to use.
By the way, the HTTP Header Accept Values will be reordered by HeaderContentNegotiationStrategy, this strategy may can solve this problem, even though this is not a same problem, and change this strategy is not such easy as #27488 mentioned.

Steps:

1. set MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter as the first converter(order of converters)
2. send a request with headers have:
   Accept: text/html, */*
   or:
   Accept: text/html, application/json
3. Controller return CharSequence type

Will treat as a string type:

if (value instanceof CharSequence) {
	body = value.toString();
	valueType = String.class;
	targetType = String.class;
}

Will produce a mediaTypesToUse:

Both MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter and StringHttpMessageConverter can write the result value, but it will use StringHttpMessageConverter, even though MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter is the first converter of converters now.

Environment:
Windows 10 Pro, Spring version 5.3.8

[poutsma]

The acceptable media types are more significant than the producible ones by design, because otherwise the client would end up with a less desirable media type. From this, it follows that we iterate over the acceptable types before the producible ones.

This might have unforeseen consequences, like you describe above, but the alternative would definitely be worse. Changing this order, like you propose in #27725, breaks the ServletAnnotationControllerHandlerMethodTests, and would break many applications as well, because of backward compatibility reasons.

Instead of relying on the message converter order, it works better to specify the desirable media types explicitly by using the produces element of your @RequestMapping annotation, see this section of the reference documentation.