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Temurin Release Guide

Don't be scared off by this document! If you already understand the stuff in the glossary section and are only working on a HotSpot release, then skip to Steps for every version later on.

Release glossary and background information

OpenJDK Vulnerability Group

  • A private group of trusted people who take reports of vulnerabilities in the openjdk codebase and work to resolve them and get them into releases in a timely manner

Non-Oracle (usually Red Hat) maintained OpenJDK Quarterly Patch Set Update (PSU)

  • Maintainers work on quarterly update fixes for the next update, in the head stream of the updates repository e.g. https://hg.openjdk.java.net/jdk-updates/jdk11u
  • Fixes for the subsequent update are developed in the dev stream e.g. https://hg.openjdk.java.net/jdk-updates/jdk11u-dev/
  • Regular builds are tagged every week or so, e.g. jdk-11.0.5+6
  • Eventually after final testing it comes to general availability (GA) day for the update, at this point any fixes from the Vulnerability Group are merged with the final GA build, and tagged, e.g. jdk-11.0.5+10, jdk-11.0.5-ga

Oracle Managed OpenJDK Quarterly PSU

  • The most recent JDK release updates are managed by Oracle, and there will only be two of them, e.g. for jdk-13 Oracle produced jdk-13.0.1 and jdk-13.0.2.
  • Oracle work on the quarterly updates internally and these update source branches and Vulnerability Group fixes are not public until GA date.
  • On GA day, Oracle merges the internal branch and Vulnerability Group fixes to produce the final GA build, and this is tagged, e.g. jdk-13.0.1+9, jdk-13.0.1-ga
  • If the release is a short term support release there are no more releases after the two Oracle-led updates, but if it is a long term support (LTS) release the OpenJDK community picks up subsequent release maintenance, and all work continues in public as described above.

Eclipse OpenJ9/OMR releases

  • The OpenJ9 releases are based on three codebases
  • Unlike the HotSpot versions, the Eclipse OpenJ9 and OMR projects do not have separate versions for each major OpenJDK release, but the extensions repository does (conditional compilation is used in OpenJ9 for any release differences). Each new OpenJ9 version goes into every JDK release.
  • In the run up to a new JDK release or quarterly update the OpenJ9 and OMR master is branched to create a release branch named according to the OpenJ9 version for that release, e.g. v0.17.0-release. In general each quarterly update will have a new OpenJ9 version included.
  • Before a new release there will typically be two milestone builds which get their own Git tag from a commit in that branch e.g. openj9-0.17.0-m1
  • This milestone tag is then pulled in by an OpenJDK "extensions" release branch to build an actual JDK binary.
  • When it comes to a GA release day, the release branch will be built with the GA OpenJDK source from the extensions repository, and then tested. If this looks good a tag to indicate the GA level is created in the OpenJ9 repository e.g. openj9-0.17.0. This tag is picked up by the OpenJDK extensions release branch to build the GA JDK binary. You can see the tags at https://github.com/eclipse-openj9/openj9/tags

OpenJDK "extensions" repository for OpenJ9 releases

  • The openjdk "extensions" repositories e.g. https://github.com/ibmruntimes/openj9-openjdk-jdk11 follows the same branching process as Eclipse OpenJ9 and OMR. When OpenJ9 creates the release branch for the first milestone, a corresponding release branch (based on the openj9 branch, not master) is created, e.g. openj9-0.17.0.
  • The "extensions" release branch is updated to pull in the correct OpenJ9 and OMR milestone "tags" to build with for each milestone build.
  • In the run up to the JDK GA date, the extensions team's OpenJDK auto-merge and acceptance jobs merge any new jdk builds into the openj9-staging and openj9 branches, but NOT the openj9-0.nn.0 release branch.
  • When it comes to the GA date, the auto-merged GA jdk "tag" needs to be merged into the openj9-0.nn.0 release branch by the extensions team.
  • The release branch is also updated to pull in the GA Eclipse OpenJ9 & OMR release tags, and then the GA JDK binary is built.

OpenJDK Quarterly/New Release Process

  1. Wait for Red Hat/Oracle to push the GA code to mercurial and announce availability:

Extra OpenJ9 prerequisite steps (skip for a HotSpot release)

  1. The extensions release branch (e.g. openj9-0.17.0) will exist from doing the milestone builds (OpenJ9 milestone process is covered in a later section).

  2. Ask the extensions team to run their release-specific merge jobs to ensure they are up to date - this is not done by jobs at Adoptium.

  3. Having merged to openj9-staging successfully then a job hosted by the extensions team (not at Adoptium) will have automatically been triggered, which will perform "sanity" testing on all platforms for the new openj9-staging branch and, if successful, testing will automatically promote the code to the "openj9" branch, acceptance jobs: https://ci.eclipse.org/openj9/

  4. OpenJ9 leads (currently Peter Shipton and Dan Heidinga) will now verify the Eclipse OpenJ9 and OMR release branch against the newly merged OpenJDK GA level in openj9-staging. If they are happy they will tag their release branches with the release tag, eg. openj9-0.17.0, you are then ready to build the release.

  5. Get someone in the extensions team to make the following changes in the extensions release branch corresponding to the OpenJ9 version for the release:

    • Merge into the OpenJ9 extensions release branch (e.g. openj9-0.17.0) the latest tag merged from OpenJDK (automated jobs merge the tag into openj9-staging, but not the release branch so this has to be done manually). eg.:
      • git checkout openj9-0.18.0
      • git merge -m"Merge jdk-11.0.6+10" jdk-11.0.6+10
      • Resolve any merge conflicts again if necessary.
      • Create a Pull Request and Merge (using a Merge Commit, do not Squash&Merge, otherwise we lose track of history).
    • Update closed/openjdk-tag.gmk with tag just merged. (This is used for the java - version) e.g.:
    OPENJDK_TAG:= jdk-11.0.6+10
    • Update closed/get_j9_source.sh to pull in Eclipse OpenJ9 and OMR release tag, e.g. openj9-0.18.0
    • Update custom-spec.gmk.in in the appropriate branch with the correct J9JDK_EXT_VERSION for the release, e.g:
    • For jdk8:
    J9JDK_EXT_VERSION       := $(JDK_MINOR_VERSION).$(JDK_MICRO_VERSION).$(JDK_MOD_VERSION).$(JDK_FIX_VERSION)

    Sample commit

    and update jdk/make/closed/autoconf/openj9ext-version-numbers with the correct MOD & FIX versions

    JDK_MOD_VERSION=232
JDK_FIX_VERSION=0
    • For jdk11+ update custom-spec.gmk.in to set the following Sample commit
      J9JDK_EXT_VERSION       := 11.0.5.0
  # J9JDK_EXT_VERSION       := HEAD   <==  !!! Comment out this line

  6. Get permission to submit the release pipeline job from the Adoptium PMC members, discussion is via the Adoptium #release channel (https://adoptium.slack.com/messages/CLCFNV2JG).

Lockdown period

During the week before release we lock down the openjdk-build and ci-jenkins-pipeline repositories to only include "critical" fixes (i.e. those which will otherwise cause a build break or other problem which will prevent shipping the release builds. This stops last minute changes going in which may destabilise things.

If a change has to go in during this "lockdown" period it should be done by posting a comment saying "Requesting approval to merge during the lockdown period. Please thumbs up the comment to approve". If two committers into the repository express approval then the change can be merged during the lockdown period.

Steps for every version

Here are the steps:

  1. Disabling nightly testing so the release builds aren't delayed by any nightly test runs (enableTests : false in defaults.json)
  2. If desired, add a banner to the website to indicate that the releases are coming in the near future (Sample PR)
  3. Build and Test the OpenJDK for "release" at Adoptium using a build pipeline job as follows:
    • Job: https://ci.adoptopenjdk.net/job/build-scripts/job/openjdk8-pipeline/build (Switch openjdk8 for your version number)
    • targetConfigurations: remove all the entries for the variants you don't want to build (e.g. remove the openj9 ones for hotspot releases) or any platforms you don't want to release (Currently that would include OpenJ9 aarch64)
    • releaseType: Release
    • [OpenJ9 ONLY] overridePublishName: github binaries publish name (NOTE: If you are doing a point release, do NOT adjust this as we don't want the filenames to include the .x part), e.g. jdk8u232-b09_openj9-0.14.0 or jdk-11.0.5+10_openj9-0.14.0
    • adoptBuildNumber: Leave blank unless you are doing a point release in which case it should be a number starting at 1 for the first point release.
    • [OpenJ9 only] scmReference: extensions release branch: e.g. openj9-0.14.0
    • additionalConfigureArgs: JDK8 automatically adds--with-milestone=fcs in build.sh so there's no need to provide it here. For JDK11+ use --without-version-pre --without-version-opt (for EA releases use: --with-version-pre=ea --without-version-opt)
    • scmReference: One of the following:
      • For HotSpot JDK8, use the openjdk tag as-is e.g. jdk8u232-b09
      • For HotSpot JDK11+, it's the same tag suffixed with _adopt e.g. jdk-13.0.1+9_adopt
      • For OpenJ9 (all versions) use the OpenJ9 branch e.g. openj9-0.15.1
    • enableTests: tick
    • SUBMIT!!
  4. Once the Build and Test pipeline has completed, triage the results (TRSS will probably help!)
    • Find the milestone build row, and click the "Grid" link
    • Check all tests are "Green", and if not "hover" over the icon and follow the Jenkins link to triage the errors...
    • Raise issues either at:
  5. Discuss failing tests with Shelley Lambert
  6. If "good to publish", then get permission to publish the release from the Adoptium PMC members, discussion is via the Adoptium #release Slack channel and create a Promotion TSC item here.
  7. Once permission has been obtained, run the Adoptium "Publish" job (restricted access - if you can't see this link, you don't have access)
    • TAG: (github binaries published name)  e.g. jdk-11.0.5+9 or jdk-11.0.5+9_openj9-0.nn.0 for OpenJ9 releases. If doing a point release, add that into the name e.g. for a .3 release use something like these (NOTE that for OpenJ9 the point number goes before the openj9 version): jdk8u232-b09.3 or jdk-11.0.4+11.3_openj9-0.15.1
    • VERSION: (select version)
    • UPSTREAM_JOB_NAME: (build-scripts/openjdkNN-pipeline)
    • UPSTREAM_JOB_NUMBER: (the job number of the build pipeline under build-scripts/openjdkNN-pipeline) eg.86
    • RELEASE: "ticked"
    • SUBMIT!!
  8. Once the job completes successfully, check the binaries have uploaded to github at somewhere like https://github.com/adoptium/termurin8-binaries/releases/jdk8u232-b09
  9. Within 15 minutes the binaries should be available on the website too at e.g. https://adoptium.net/?variant=openjdk11&jvmVariant=hotspot
  10. Since you have 15 minutes free, use that time to update https://github.com/adoptium/adoptium.net/blob/master/src/handlebars/support.handlebars which is the source of https://adoptium.net/support.html and (if required) the supported platforms table at https://github.com/adoptium/adoptium.net/blob/master/src/handlebars/supported_platforms.handlebars which is the source of https://adoptium.net/supported_platforms.html, and also update https://adoptium.net/release_notes.html (Sample change
  11. [Mac only] Once the binaries are available on the website you need to run the homebrew cask updater which will create a pull request here. Normally George approves these but in principle as long as the CI passes, they should be good to approve. You don't need to wait around and merge the PR's because the Mergify bot will automatically do this for you as long as somebody has approved it.
  12. Publicise the Temurin release via slack on Adoptium #release
  13. If desired, find someone with the appropriate authority (George, Martijn, Shelley, Stewart) to post a tweet about the new release from the Adoptium twitter account
  14. If all releases are complete, re-enable the full nightly runs

[OpenJ9 Only] Milestone Process

The following examples all use -m1 as an example - this gets replaced with a later number for the second and subsequent milestones as required.

  1. Eclipse OpenJ9 creates a new branch for their release branch: e.g. v0.17.0-release

  2. Eclipse OpenJ9 tag the commit in the "release" branch that they want to be the milestone level as e.g. openj9-0.17.0-m1

  3. OpenJDK extensions branches the openj9 branch to create the release branch, called openj9-0.nn.0

  4. Ask someone in the extensions team to make the following modifications:

    • If this is milestone 2 (m2) then check for new jdk tag to merge into the release branch:
      • Merge into the OpenJ9 extensions release branch (e.g. openj9-0.17.0) the latest tag merged from OpenJDK (automated jobs merge the tag into openj9-staging, but not the release branch so this has to be done manually). eg.:
        • git checkout openj9-0.18.0
        • git merge -m"Merge jdk-11.0.6+10" jdk-11.0.6+10
        • Resolve any merge conflicts again if necessary.
      • Create a Pull Request and Merge (using a Merge Commit, do not Squash&Merge, otherwise we lose track of history).
      • Update closed/openjdk-tag.gmk with tag just merged. (This is used for the java - version) e.g.:
    OPENJDK_TAG:= jdk-11.0.6+10
    jdk11+ ==> J9JDK_EXT_VERSION       := 11.0.5.0-m1
jdk8     ==>  J9JDK_EXT_VERSION       := $(JDK_MINOR_VERSION).$(JDK_MICRO_VERSION).$(JDK_MOD_VERSION).$(JDK_FIX_VERSION)-m1
# J9JDK_EXT_VERSION       := HEAD   <==  !!! Comment out this line
JDK_MOD_VERSION=232
JDK_FIX_VERSION=0

  5. Build and Test the OpenJDK for OpenJ9 "release" at Adoptium using a "Weekly" releaseType so it runs the extended tests. Submit the Build pipeline job as follows https://ci.adoptopenjdk.net/job/build-scripts/job/openjdkNN-pipeline/build?delay=0sec

    • targetConfigurations: remove all "hotspot" entries
    • releaseType: Weekly
    • overridePublishName: github binaries publish name, e.g. jdk8u232-b09_openj9-0.17.0-m1 or jdk-11.0.5+10_openj9-0.17.0-m1 (Note: Everything before the underscore should be copied from the OPENJDK_TAG value inside <extensions_repo_url>/closed/openjdk-tag.gmk)
    • scmReference: extensions release branch: e.g. openj9-0.17.0
    • additionalConfigureArgs: JDK8 automatically adds--with-milestone=fcs in build.sh so there's no need to provide it here. JDK11+: --without-version-pre --without-version-opt (for EA releases use: --with-version-pre=ea --without-version-opt)
    • enableTests: "ticked"
    • SUBMIT!!

  6. Triage the results and publish as required with using the publish name from overridePublishName in the previous step but with RELEASE UNCHECKED as this is not a full release build.

OpenJDK "New" Release

  • The refers to a "new" major (Short or Long Term) OpenJDK Release (e.g. jdk13, jdk14, jdk15, ...)

  • Oracle and contributors work on releases in the "head" OpenJDK stream: https://hg.openjdk.java.net/jdk/jdk

  • 3 months prior to the GA date, the head stream is branched into a new release stream for development rampdown e.g. https://hg.openjdk.java.net/jdk/jdk14

  • Regular builds are tagged every week or so in a format such as jdk-13+21

  • Eventually after rampdown and final phase testing the GA build is tagged and released, e.g. the jdk-13-ga code level is tagged along side the actual release build tag.

  • When a new release occurs, we must also update one of our job generators to match the new jdk versions and remove old STR that are no longer needed. The full details on what these are in the regeneration README.md but for a quick run down on how to update them when we want to build a new release, follow the steps below:

    1. Update the Job Folder - https://ci.adoptopenjdk.net/job/build-scripts/job/utils/: The jobs themselves you are looking for are called pipeline_jobs_generator_jdkxx (pipeline_jobs_generator_jdk for HEAD). Firstly, ensure that the job description of each generator (and it's parameter's descriptions) are up to date. Then, follow these steps:
    • If you are ADDING a JDK version:
      • Ensure that JDK N-1 is available as build JDK on the builders. For example in order to build JDK 15, JDK 14 needs to be installed on the build machines. As a temporary measure, code so as to download the JDK to the builder via the API has been added. NOTE: For the transition period shortly after a new JDK has been branched, there might not yet exist a generally available release of JDK N-1.
      • Ensure that JDK sources are being mirrored. Example infrastructure request
      • Ensure that a repository which contains the binary releases exists. Example temurin15-binaries
      • Add build scripts for the new JDK release. Example for JDK 14
      • Regenerate build jobs:
        • Create a New Item in the folder linked above that copies the pipeline_jobs_generator_jdk job. Call it pipeline_jobs_generator_jdk<new-version-number>.
        • Change the Script Path setting of the new job to pipelines/build/regeneration/jdk<new-version-number>_regeneration_pipeline.groovy. Don't worry if this currently doesn't exist in this repo, you'll add it in step 3.
        • Update the Script Path setting of the JDK-HEAD job (pipeline_jobs_generator_jdk) to whatever the new JDK HEAD is. I.e. if the new head is JDK16, change Script Path to pipelines/build/regeneration/jdk16_regeneration_pipeline.groovy
    • If you are REMOVING a JDK version:
      • Delete the job pipeline_jobs_generator_jdk<version-you-want-to-delete>
    1. Create the new build configurations for the release - https://github.com/adoptium/ci-jenkins-pipelines/tree/master/pipelines/jobs/configurations:
    • Create a new jdk<new-version-number>_pipeline_config.groovy file with the desired buildConfigurations for the new pipeline. 99% of the time, copy and pasting the configs from the previous version is acceptable. Ensure that the classname and instance of it is changed to Config<new-version-number>. Don't remove any old version configs.
    • Furthermore, you will also need to create another config file to state what jobs will be run with any new versions. If it doesn't currently exist, add a jdkxx.groovy file to configurations/. Example on how to do this. Note, some files will need to be named jdkxxu.groovy depending on whether the version is maintained in an update repo or not. These will be the ONLY os/archs/variants that are regenerated using the job regenerators as described in the regeneration readme.
    1. Create a new Regeneration Pipeline for the downstream jobs - https://github.com/adoptium/ci-jenkins-pipelines/blob/master/pipelines/build/regeneration:

    Create a new jdk<new-version-number>_regeneration_pipeline.groovy. Ensure that the javaVersion, targetConfigurations and buildConfigurations variables are what they should be for the new version. Don't remove any old version configs. While you're here, make sure all of the current releases have a regeneration_pipeline.groovy file (including head). If they don't, create one using the same technique as above.

    1. Build the pipeline_jobs_generator that you just made. Ensure the equivalent openjdkxx_pipeline to the generator exists or this will fail. If the job fails or is unstable, search the console log for WARNING or ERROR messages for why. Once it has completed successfully, the pipeline is ready to go!

    2. Update the view for the build and test pipeline calendar to include the new version.

Update Repository

At some point in a java version's lifecycle, the JDK version will be maintained in an update repository. The first notification of this will be via mail list in one of two places:

New Adopt mirror repo creation, by an Adoptium github Admin:

  1. Create a new empty repo adoptium/openjdk-jdkNNu
  2. Rename mirror job from https://ci.adoptopenjdk.net/view/git-mirrors/job/git-mirrors/job/git-skara-jdkNN to https://ci.adoptopenjdk.net/view/git-mirrors/job/git-mirrors/job/git-skara-jdkNNu
  3. Update mirror job "Execute shell" to pass jdkNNu as parameter to bash ./skaraMirror.sh jdkNNu
  4. Run the renamed job twice, first one will fail due to empty repo, 2nd run should succeed.
  5. Add the Adoptium.md "marker" text file to both branches "dev" and "release".

When the repo has been created, a few changes to the codebase will be necessary where the code references a jdk version but not it's new update version. I.e. jdk11 became jdk11u when it was moved to an update repository.

If a product is to be moved to an update repo, follow these steps in chronological order to ensure our builds continue to function:

  1. ci-jenkins-pipelines: Update the configurations Rename the nightly build targets file (it will be named jdkxx.groovy, example here) to be jdkxxu.groovy. Do the same for the pipeline config file (named jdkxx_pipeline_config.groovy, example here).

  2. ci-jenkins-pipelines: Update version from jdkxx to jdkxxu inside docs/generateBuildMatrix.sh

  3. ci-jenkins-pipelines: Run on "linux" platform your updated docs/generateBuildMatrix.sh script to generate the updated README.md table to be updated at the end of README.md

  4. openjdk-build: Update the JDKXX_VERSION from jdkxx to jdkxxu inside the build script constants that is being shifted to an update repository.

  5. openjdk-build: Update the version from jdkxx to jdkxxu inside .github/workflows/build.yml

  6. Merge both ci-jenkins-pipelines and openjdk-build Pull Requests.

  7. Cancel jdkxx job regenerator that will have just been triggered: job regenerator

  8. Rename the jenkins pipeline jobs regenerator job regenerator from pipeline_jobs_generator_jdkxx to pipeline_jobs_generator_jdkxxu. Then manually re-build.

  9. Check the regenerator has created all the new jdkxxu build jobs successfully: build jobs

  10. Delete the old jdkxx build jobs folder: https://ci.adoptopenjdk.net/job/build-scripts/job/jobs/jdkxx: build jobs

  11. Submit a test pipeline build

Post Release Tasks

Once all the release binaries have been published the following tasks should be completed:

  1. Reset the "weekly_release_scmReferences" (change to "") for the weekend release test build so it is using HEAD streams: https://github.com/adoptium/ci-jenkins-pipelines/tree/master/pipelines/jobs/configurations
  2. Re-enable "Tests" for Nightly pipelines, eg.https://github.com/adoptium/temurin-build/pull/2401/files . After merging, check the build-pipeline-generator runs successfully: https://ci.adoptopenjdk.net/job/build-scripts/job/utils/job/build-pipeline-generator . It's possible the script change may require "Script Approval" by a Jenkins Administrator (https://ci.adoptopenjdk.net/scriptApproval/).
  3. If the latest version just released has come to the end of its non-LTS lifecycle (2 CPU updates, eg.jdk-15.0.2), then disable and retire that version form the Nightly pipeline builds:

Summary on point releases

Occasionally we may have to do an out-of-band release that does not align with a quarterly release from the upstream OpenJDK project. This may occur if there has been a problem with our build process that we missed at GA time, to fix a critical issue, or when a project outside OpenJDK (e.g. OpenJ9) needs to do an interim release. In order to do such a release, follow the steps included in the process above which I'll repeat here for clarity:

  1. When triggering the pipeline, set AdoptBuildNumber to a unique number for the point release
  2. If you used a custom entry in overridePublishName when kicking off the GA pipeline, keep it the same as for the GA release - we DO NOT want the filenames changed to include the point number
  3. When running the publish job, you need to use a custom TAG in order to publish it to the website with a separate name from what you had initially e.g. jdk-11.0.5+10.1_openj9-0.17.1 (Note the position of the .1 for OpenJ9 releases in that example - it's after the openj9 version but before the OpenJ9 version.