data_traits.rs

// Copyright 2014-2016 bluss and ndarray developers.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
// except according to those terms.

//! The data (inner representation) traits for ndarray

use std::mem::{self, size_of};
use std::sync::Arc;

use crate::{
    ArrayBase,
    Dimension,
    RawViewRepr,
    ViewRepr,
    CowRepr,
    OwnedRepr,
    OwnedRcRepr,
    OwnedArcRepr,
};

/// Array representation trait.
///
/// For an array that meets the invariants of the `ArrayBase` type. This trait
/// does not imply any ownership or lifetime; pointers to elements in the array
/// may not be safe to dereference.
///
/// ***Note:*** `RawData` is not an extension interface at this point.
/// Traits in Rust can serve many different roles. This trait is public because
/// it is used as a bound on public methods.
pub unsafe trait RawData : Sized {
    /// The array element type.
    type Elem;

    #[doc(hidden)]
    // This method is only used for debugging
    fn _data_slice(&self) -> Option<&[Self::Elem]>;

    private_decl!{}
}

/// Array representation trait.
///
/// For an array with writable elements.
///
/// ***Internal trait, see `RawData`.***
pub unsafe trait RawDataMut : RawData {
    /// If possible, ensures that the array has unique access to its data.
    ///
    /// If `Self` provides safe mutable access to array elements, then it
    /// **must** panic or ensure that the data is unique.
    #[doc(hidden)]
    fn try_ensure_unique<D>(_: &mut ArrayBase<Self, D>)
    where Self: Sized,
          D: Dimension;

    /// If possible, returns whether the array has unique access to its data.
    ///
    /// If `Self` provides safe mutable access to array elements, then it
    /// **must** return `Some(_)`.
    #[doc(hidden)]
    fn try_is_unique(&mut self) -> Option<bool>;
}

/// Array representation trait.
///
/// An array representation that can be cloned.
///
/// ***Internal trait, see `RawData`.***
pub unsafe trait RawDataClone : RawData {
    #[doc(hidden)]
    /// Unsafe because, `ptr` must point inside the current storage.
    unsafe fn clone_with_ptr(&self, ptr: *mut Self::Elem) -> (Self, *mut Self::Elem);

    #[doc(hidden)]
    unsafe fn clone_from_with_ptr(&mut self, other: &Self, ptr: *mut Self::Elem) -> *mut Self::Elem {
        let (data, ptr) = other.clone_with_ptr(ptr);
        *self = data;
        ptr
    }
}

/// Array representation trait.
///
/// For an array with elements that can be accessed with safe code.
///
/// ***Internal trait, see `RawData`.***
pub unsafe trait Data : RawData {
    /// Converts the array to a uniquely owned array, cloning elements if necessary.
    #[doc(hidden)]
    fn into_owned<D>(self_: ArrayBase<Self, D>) -> ArrayBase<OwnedRepr<Self::Elem>, D>
    where
        Self::Elem: Clone,
        D: Dimension;
}

/// Array representation trait.
///
/// For an array with writable elements that can be accessed with safe code.
///
/// ***Internal trait, see `Data`.***
//
// # For implementers
//
// If you implement the `DataMut` trait, you are guaranteeing that the
// `RawDataMut::try_ensure_unique` implementation always panics or ensures that
// the data is unique. You are also guaranteeing that `try_is_unique` always
// returns `Some(_)`.
pub unsafe trait DataMut : Data + RawDataMut {
    /// Ensures that the array has unique access to its data.
    #[doc(hidden)]
    #[inline]
    fn ensure_unique<D>(self_: &mut ArrayBase<Self, D>)
    where Self: Sized,
          D: Dimension
    {
        Self::try_ensure_unique(self_)
    }

    /// Returns whether the array has unique access to its data.
    #[doc(hidden)]
    #[inline]
    fn is_unique(&mut self) -> bool {
        self.try_is_unique().unwrap()
    }
}

/// Array representation trait.
///
/// An array representation that can be cloned and allows elements to be
/// accessed with safe code.
///
/// ***Internal trait, see `Data`.***
#[deprecated(note="use `Data + RawDataClone` instead", since="0.13")]
pub trait DataClone : Data + RawDataClone {}

#[allow(deprecated)]
impl<T> DataClone for T where T: Data + RawDataClone {}

unsafe impl<A> RawData for RawViewRepr<*const A> {
    type Elem = A;
    fn _data_slice(&self) -> Option<&[A]> {
        None
    }
    private_impl!{}
}

unsafe impl<A> RawDataClone for RawViewRepr<*const A> {
    unsafe fn clone_with_ptr(&self, ptr: *mut Self::Elem) -> (Self, *mut Self::Elem) {
        (*self, ptr)
    }
}

unsafe impl<A> RawData for RawViewRepr<*mut A> {
    type Elem = A;
    fn _data_slice(&self) -> Option<&[A]> {
        None
    }
    private_impl!{}
}

unsafe impl<A> RawDataMut for RawViewRepr<*mut A> {
    #[inline]
    fn try_ensure_unique<D>(_: &mut ArrayBase<Self, D>)
    where Self: Sized,
          D: Dimension
    {}

    #[inline]
    fn try_is_unique(&mut self) -> Option<bool> {
        None
    }
}

unsafe impl<A> RawDataClone for RawViewRepr<*mut A> {
    unsafe fn clone_with_ptr(&self, ptr: *mut Self::Elem) -> (Self, *mut Self::Elem) {
        (*self, ptr)
    }
}

unsafe impl<A> RawData for OwnedArcRepr<A> {
    type Elem = A;
    fn _data_slice(&self) -> Option<&[A]> {
        Some(&self.0)
    }
    private_impl!{}
}

// NOTE: Copy on write
unsafe impl<A> RawDataMut for OwnedArcRepr<A>
where
    A: Clone,
{
    fn try_ensure_unique<D>(self_: &mut ArrayBase<Self, D>)
        where Self: Sized,
              D: Dimension
    {
        if Arc::get_mut(&mut self_.data.0).is_some() {
            return;
        }
        if self_.dim.size() <= self_.data.0.len() / 2 {
            // Create a new vec if the current view is less than half of
            // backing data.
            unsafe {
                *self_ = ArrayBase::from_shape_vec_unchecked(self_.dim.clone(),
                                                             self_.iter()
                                                            .cloned()
                                                            .collect());
            }
            return;
        }
        let rcvec = &mut self_.data.0;
        let a_size = mem::size_of::<A>() as isize;
        let our_off = if a_size != 0 {
            (self_.ptr as isize - rcvec.as_ptr() as isize) / a_size
        } else { 0 };
        let rvec = Arc::make_mut(rcvec);
        unsafe {
            self_.ptr = rvec.as_mut_ptr().offset(our_off);
        }
    }

    fn try_is_unique(&mut self) -> Option<bool> {
        Some(Arc::get_mut(&mut self.0).is_some())
    }
}

unsafe impl<A> Data for OwnedArcRepr<A> {
    fn into_owned<D>(mut self_: ArrayBase<Self, D>) -> ArrayBase<OwnedRepr<Self::Elem>, D>
    where
        A: Clone,
        D: Dimension,
    {
        Self::ensure_unique(&mut self_);
        let data = OwnedRepr(Arc::try_unwrap(self_.data.0).ok().unwrap());
        ArrayBase {
            data: data,
            ptr: self_.ptr,
            dim: self_.dim,
            strides: self_.strides,
        }
    }
}

unsafe impl<A> DataMut for OwnedArcRepr<A> where A: Clone {}

unsafe impl<A> RawDataClone for OwnedArcRepr<A> {
    unsafe fn clone_with_ptr(&self, ptr: *mut Self::Elem) -> (Self, *mut Self::Elem) {
        // pointer is preserved
        (self.clone(), ptr)
    }
}

unsafe impl<A> RawData for OwnedRepr<A> {
    type Elem = A;
    fn _data_slice(&self) -> Option<&[A]> {
        Some(&self.0)
    }
    private_impl!{}
}

unsafe impl<A> RawDataMut for OwnedRepr<A> {
    #[inline]
    fn try_ensure_unique<D>(_: &mut ArrayBase<Self, D>)
    where Self: Sized,
          D: Dimension
    {}

    #[inline]
    fn try_is_unique(&mut self) -> Option<bool> {
        Some(true)
    }
}

unsafe impl<A> Data for OwnedRepr<A> {
    #[inline]
    fn into_owned<D>(self_: ArrayBase<Self, D>) -> ArrayBase<OwnedRepr<Self::Elem>, D>
    where
        A: Clone,
        D: Dimension,
    {
        self_
    }
}

unsafe impl<A> DataMut for OwnedRepr<A> { }

unsafe impl<A> RawDataClone for OwnedRepr<A>
    where A: Clone
{
    unsafe fn clone_with_ptr(&self, ptr: *mut Self::Elem) -> (Self, *mut Self::Elem) {
        let mut u = self.clone();
        let mut new_ptr = u.0.as_mut_ptr();
        if size_of::<A>() != 0 {
            let our_off = (ptr as isize - self.0.as_ptr() as isize) /
                          mem::size_of::<A>() as isize;
            new_ptr = new_ptr.offset(our_off);
        }
        (u, new_ptr)
    }

    unsafe fn clone_from_with_ptr(&mut self, other: &Self, ptr: *mut Self::Elem) -> *mut Self::Elem {
        let our_off = if size_of::<A>() != 0 {
            (ptr as isize - other.0.as_ptr() as isize) /
                          mem::size_of::<A>() as isize
        } else {
            0
        };
        self.0.clone_from(&other.0);
        self.0.as_mut_ptr().offset(our_off)
    }
}

unsafe impl<'a, A> RawData for ViewRepr<&'a A> {
    type Elem = A;
    fn _data_slice(&self) -> Option<&[A]> {
        None
    }
    private_impl!{}
}

unsafe impl<'a, A> Data for ViewRepr<&'a A> {
    fn into_owned<D>(self_: ArrayBase<Self, D>) -> ArrayBase<OwnedRepr<Self::Elem>, D>
    where
        Self::Elem: Clone,
        D: Dimension,
    {
        self_.to_owned()
    }
}

unsafe impl<'a, A> RawDataClone for ViewRepr<&'a A> {
    unsafe fn clone_with_ptr(&self, ptr: *mut Self::Elem) -> (Self, *mut Self::Elem) {
        (*self, ptr)
    }
}

unsafe impl<'a, A> RawData for ViewRepr<&'a mut A> {
    type Elem = A;
    fn _data_slice(&self) -> Option<&[A]> {
        None
    }
    private_impl!{}
}

unsafe impl<'a, A> RawDataMut for ViewRepr<&'a mut A> {
    #[inline]
    fn try_ensure_unique<D>(_: &mut ArrayBase<Self, D>)
    where Self: Sized,
          D: Dimension {}

    #[inline]
    fn try_is_unique(&mut self) -> Option<bool> {
        Some(true)
    }
}

unsafe impl<'a, A> Data for ViewRepr<&'a mut A> {
    fn into_owned<D>(self_: ArrayBase<Self, D>) -> ArrayBase<OwnedRepr<Self::Elem>, D>
    where
        Self::Elem: Clone,
        D: Dimension,
    {
        self_.to_owned()
    }
}

unsafe impl<'a, A> DataMut for ViewRepr<&'a mut A> { }

/// Array representation trait.
///
/// A representation that is a unique or shared owner of its data.
///
/// ***Internal trait, see `Data`.***
pub unsafe trait DataOwned : Data {
    #[doc(hidden)]
    fn new(elements: Vec<Self::Elem>) -> Self;

    /// Converts the data representation to a shared (copy on write)
    /// representation, without any copying.
    #[doc(hidden)]
    fn into_shared(self) -> OwnedRcRepr<Self::Elem>;
}

/// Array representation trait.
///
/// A representation that is a lightweight view.
///
/// ***Internal trait, see `Data`.***
pub unsafe trait DataShared : Clone + Data + RawDataClone { }

unsafe impl<A> DataShared for OwnedRcRepr<A> {}
unsafe impl<'a, A> DataShared for ViewRepr<&'a A> {}

unsafe impl<A> DataOwned for OwnedRepr<A> {
    fn new(elements: Vec<A>) -> Self {
        OwnedRepr(elements)
    }
    fn into_shared(self) -> OwnedRcRepr<A> {
        OwnedArcRepr(Arc::new(self.0))
    }
}

unsafe impl<A> DataOwned for OwnedArcRepr<A> {
    fn new(elements: Vec<A>) -> Self {
        OwnedArcRepr(Arc::new(elements))
    }

    fn into_shared(self) -> OwnedRcRepr<A> {
        self
    }
}

unsafe impl<'a, A> RawData for CowRepr<'a, A>
    where A: Clone
{
    type Elem = A;
    fn _data_slice(&self) -> Option<&[A]> {
        match self {
            CowRepr::View(view) => view._data_slice(),
            CowRepr::Owned(data) => data._data_slice(),
        }
    }
    private_impl!{}
}

unsafe impl<'a, A> RawDataMut for CowRepr<'a, A>
    where A: Clone
{
    #[inline]
    fn try_ensure_unique<D>(array: &mut ArrayBase<Self, D>)
        where Self: Sized,
              D: Dimension
    {
        array.ensure_is_owned();
    }

    #[inline]
    fn try_is_unique(&mut self) -> Option<bool> {
        Some(self.is_owned())
    }
}

unsafe impl<'a, A> RawDataClone for CowRepr<'a, A>
    where A: Copy
{
    unsafe fn clone_with_ptr(&self, ptr: *mut Self::Elem) -> (Self, *mut Self::Elem) {
        match self {
            CowRepr::View(view) => {
                let (new_view, ptr) = view.clone_with_ptr(ptr);
                (CowRepr::View(new_view), ptr)
            },
            CowRepr::Owned(data) => {
                let (new_data, ptr) = data.clone_with_ptr(ptr);
                (CowRepr::Owned(new_data), ptr)
            },
        }
    }

    #[doc(hidden)]
    unsafe fn clone_from_with_ptr(&mut self, other: &Self, ptr: *mut Self::Elem) -> *mut Self::Elem {
        match self {
            CowRepr::View(view) => {
                match other {
                    CowRepr::View(other_view) => view.clone_from_with_ptr(other_view, ptr),
                    CowRepr::Owned(_) => panic!("Cannot copy `CowRepr::View` from `CowRepr::Temp`"),
                }
            },
            CowRepr::Owned(data) => {
                match other {
                    CowRepr::View(_) => panic!("Cannot copy `CowRepr::Temp` from `CowRepr::View`"),
                    CowRepr::Owned(other_data) => data.clone_from_with_ptr(other_data, ptr),
                }
            },
        }
    }
}

unsafe impl<'a, A> Data for CowRepr<'a, A>
    where A: Clone
{
    #[inline]
    fn into_owned<D>(self_: ArrayBase<CowRepr<'a, A>, D>) -> ArrayBase<OwnedRepr<Self::Elem>, D>
        where
            A: Clone,
            D: Dimension,
    {
        if self_.data.is_view() {
            ViewRepr::into_owned(self_.into_view_array().unwrap())
        } else {
            OwnedRepr::into_owned(self_.into_owned_array().unwrap())
        }
    }
}