diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 08fa6635f92..932953641e5 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 
 ## master (unreleased)
 
+### Bug fixes
+
+* [#8463](https://github.com/rubocop-hq/rubocop/pull/8463): Fix false positives for `Lint/OutOfRangeRegexpRef` when a regexp is defined and matched in separate steps. ([@eugeneius][])
+
 ## 0.89.0 (2020-08-05)
 
 ### New features
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/lint/out_of_range_regexp_ref.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/lint/out_of_range_regexp_ref.rb
index 8a81e2a2f9b..4c3a52a6064 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/cop/lint/out_of_range_regexp_ref.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/lint/out_of_range_regexp_ref.rb
@@ -21,16 +21,26 @@ module Lint
       class OutOfRangeRegexpRef < Base
         MSG = 'Do not use out of range reference for the Regexp.'
 
+        REGEXP_CAPTURE_METHODS = %i[=~ === match].to_set.freeze
+
         def on_new_investigation
           @valid_ref = 0
         end
 
-        def on_regexp(node)
+        def on_match_with_lvasgn(node)
+          check_regexp(node.children.first)
+        end
+
+        def on_send(node)
+          return unless REGEXP_CAPTURE_METHODS.include?(node.method_name)
+
           @valid_ref = nil
-          return if contain_non_literal?(node)
 
-          tree = Regexp::Parser.parse(node.content)
-          @valid_ref = regexp_captures(tree)
+          if node.receiver&.regexp_type?
+            check_regexp(node.receiver)
+          elsif node.first_argument&.regexp_type? && node.method?(:=~)
+            check_regexp(node.first_argument)
+          end
         end
 
         def on_nth_ref(node)
@@ -42,6 +52,13 @@ def on_nth_ref(node)
 
         private
 
+        def check_regexp(regexp)
+          return if contain_non_literal?(regexp)
+
+          tree = Regexp::Parser.parse(regexp.content)
+          @valid_ref = regexp_captures(tree)
+        end
+
         def contain_non_literal?(node)
           node.children.size != 2 || !node.children.first.str_type?
         end
diff --git a/spec/rubocop/cop/lint/out_of_range_regexp_ref_spec.rb b/spec/rubocop/cop/lint/out_of_range_regexp_ref_spec.rb
index c386b08b8c0..7c748988f5a 100644
--- a/spec/rubocop/cop/lint/out_of_range_regexp_ref_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/rubocop/cop/lint/out_of_range_regexp_ref_spec.rb
@@ -78,4 +78,59 @@
       puts $2
     RUBY
   end
+
+  it 'registers an offense when the regexp comes after `=~`' do
+    expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+      "foobar" =~ /(foo)(bar)/
+      puts $3
+           ^^ Do not use out of range reference for the Regexp.
+    RUBY
+  end
+
+  it 'registers an offense when the regexp is matched with `===`' do
+    expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+      /(foo)(bar)/ === "foobar"
+      puts $3
+           ^^ Do not use out of range reference for the Regexp.
+    RUBY
+  end
+
+  it 'registers an offense when the regexp is matched with `match`' do
+    expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+      /(foo)(bar)/.match("foobar")
+      puts $3
+           ^^ Do not use out of range reference for the Regexp.
+    RUBY
+  end
+
+  it 'ignores calls to `match?`' do
+    expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+      /(foo)(bar)/.match("foobar")
+      /(foo)(bar)(baz)/.match?("foobarbaz")
+      puts $3
+           ^^ Do not use out of range reference for the Regexp.
+    RUBY
+  end
+
+  it 'handles `match` with no arguments' do
+    expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+      foo.match
+    RUBY
+  end
+
+  it 'handles `match` with no receiver' do
+    expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+      match(bar)
+    RUBY
+  end
+
+  it 'only registers an offense when the regexp is matched as a literal' do
+    expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+      foo_bar_regexp = /(foo)(bar)/
+      foo_regexp = /(foo)/
+
+      foo_bar_regexp =~ 'foobar'
+      puts $2
+    RUBY
+  end
 end