Naming/RescuedExceptionsVariableName can cause a variable to be shadowed from outside the rescue block

[dvandersluis]

Follows #9587. This test fails:

context 'shadowing an external variable' do
  it 'does not register an offense' do
    expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
      e = 'error message'
      begin
        something
      rescue StandardError => e1
        log(e, e1)
      end
    RUBY
  end
end