diff --git a/changelog/fix_error_for_style_case_like_if.md b/changelog/fix_error_for_style_case_like_if.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8e4afc9118f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog/fix_error_for_style_case_like_if.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* [#9599](https://github.com/rubocop/rubocop/issues/9599): Fix an error for `Style/CaseLikeIf` when using `include?` without a receiver. ([@koic][])
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/style/case_like_if.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/style/case_like_if.rb
index 76ad314f431..443804d3d35 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/cop/style/case_like_if.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/style/case_like_if.rb
@@ -105,8 +105,7 @@ def find_target_in_send_node(node)
           when :===
             node.arguments.first
           when :include?, :cover?
-            receiver = deparenthesize(node.receiver)
-            node.arguments.first if receiver.range_type?
+            find_target_in_include_or_cover_node(node)
           when :match, :match?, :=~
             find_target_in_match_node(node)
           end
@@ -124,6 +123,12 @@ def find_target_in_equality_node(node)
           end
         end
 
+        def find_target_in_include_or_cover_node(node)
+          return unless (receiver = node.receiver)
+
+          node.first_argument if deparenthesize(receiver).range_type?
+        end
+
         def find_target_in_match_node(node)
           argument = node.arguments.first
           receiver = node.receiver
@@ -167,8 +172,7 @@ def condition_from_send_node(node, target)
             lhs, _method, rhs = *node
             lhs if rhs == target
           when :include?, :cover?
-            receiver = deparenthesize(node.receiver)
-            receiver if receiver.range_type? && node.arguments.first == target
+            condition_from_include_or_cover_node(node, target)
           end
         end
         # rubocop:enable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
@@ -184,6 +188,13 @@ def condition_from_match_node(node, target)
           condition_from_binary_op(lhs, rhs, target)
         end
 
+        def condition_from_include_or_cover_node(node, target)
+          return unless (receiver = node.receiver)
+
+          receiver = deparenthesize(receiver)
+          receiver if receiver.range_type? && node.first_argument == target
+        end
+
         def condition_from_binary_op(lhs, rhs, target)
           lhs = deparenthesize(lhs)
           rhs = deparenthesize(rhs)
diff --git a/spec/rubocop/cop/style/case_like_if_spec.rb b/spec/rubocop/cop/style/case_like_if_spec.rb
index 0d52df5dcb4..85ba615dab8 100644
--- a/spec/rubocop/cop/style/case_like_if_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/rubocop/cop/style/case_like_if_spec.rb
@@ -156,6 +156,24 @@
     RUBY
   end
 
+  it 'does not register an offense when using `include?` without a receiver' do
+    expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+      if include?(Foo)
+      elsif include?(Bar)
+      else
+      end
+    RUBY
+  end
+
+  it 'does not register an offense when using `cover?` without a receiver' do
+    expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+      if x == 1
+      elsif cover?(Bar)
+      else
+      end
+    RUBY
+  end
+
   it 'registers an offense and corrects when using `=~`' do
     expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
       if /foo/ =~ x