diff --git a/changelog/change_change_lintsymbolconversion_to_only.md b/changelog/change_change_lintsymbolconversion_to_only.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..447c6758915
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog/change_change_lintsymbolconversion_to_only.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* [#9809](https://github.com/rubocop/rubocop/pull/9809): Change `Lint/SymbolConversion` to only quote with double quotes, since `Style/QuotedSymbols` can now correct those to the correct quotes as per configuration. ([@dvandersluis][])
diff --git a/changelog/new_add_stylequotedsymbols_to_enforce.md b/changelog/new_add_stylequotedsymbols_to_enforce.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..809b69f7ca7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog/new_add_stylequotedsymbols_to_enforce.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* [#9793](https://github.com/rubocop/rubocop/issues/9793): Add `Style/QuotedSymbols` to enforce consistency in quoted symbols. ([@dvandersluis][])
diff --git a/config/default.yml b/config/default.yml
index 1107290d5a6..9e79746ca22 100644
--- a/config/default.yml
+++ b/config/default.yml
@@ -2092,6 +2092,7 @@ Lint/SymbolConversion:
   Description: 'Checks for unnecessary symbol conversions.'
   Enabled: pending
   VersionAdded: '1.9'
+  VersionChanged: '<<next>>'
   EnforcedStyle: strict
   SupportedStyles:
     - strict
@@ -4186,6 +4187,16 @@ Style/Proc:
   VersionAdded: '0.9'
   VersionChanged: '0.18'
 
+Style/QuotedSymbols:
+  Description: 'Use a consistent style for quoted symbols.'
+  Enabled: pending
+  VersionAdded: '<<next>>'
+  EnforcedStyle: same_as_string_literals
+  SupportedStyles:
+    - same_as_string_literals
+    - single_quotes
+    - double_quotes
+
 Style/RaiseArgs:
   Description: 'Checks the arguments passed to raise/fail.'
   StyleGuide: '#exception-class-messages'
diff --git a/lib/rubocop.rb b/lib/rubocop.rb
index 9e3235121d8..057fdee0f9b 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop.rb
@@ -119,6 +119,7 @@
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/mixin/statement_modifier'
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/mixin/string_help'
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/mixin/string_literals_help'
+require_relative 'rubocop/cop/mixin/symbol_help'
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/mixin/target_ruby_version'
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/mixin/trailing_body'
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/mixin/trailing_comma'
@@ -550,6 +551,7 @@
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/style/perl_backrefs'
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/style/preferred_hash_methods'
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/style/proc'
+require_relative 'rubocop/cop/style/quoted_symbols'
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/style/raise_args'
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/style/random_with_offset'
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/style/redundant_argument'
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/lint/symbol_conversion.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/lint/symbol_conversion.rb
index b386bddc0e1..ef00d4bfd10 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/cop/lint/symbol_conversion.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/lint/symbol_conversion.rb
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ module Lint
       class SymbolConversion < Base
         extend AutoCorrector
         include ConfigurableEnforcedStyle
+        include SymbolHelp
 
         MSG = 'Unnecessary symbol conversion; use `%<correction>s` instead.'
         MSG_CONSISTENCY = 'Symbol hash key should be quoted for consistency; ' \
@@ -138,10 +139,6 @@ def in_percent_literal_array?(node)
           node.parent&.array_type? && node.parent&.percent_literal?
         end
 
-        def hash_key?(node)
-          node.parent&.pair_type? && node == node.parent.child_nodes.first
-        end
-
         def correct_hash_key(node)
           # Although some operators can be converted to symbols normally
           # (ie. `:==`), these are not accepted as hash keys and will
@@ -167,7 +164,7 @@ def correct_inconsistent_hash_keys(keys)
             next if requires_quotes?(key)
             next if properly_quoted?(key.source, %("#{key.value}"))
 
-            correction = "#{quote_type}#{key.value}#{quote_type}"
+            correction = %("#{key.value}")
             register_offense(
               key,
               correction: correction,
@@ -175,13 +172,6 @@ def correct_inconsistent_hash_keys(keys)
             )
           end
         end
-
-        def quote_type
-          # Use the `Style/StringLiterals` configuration for quoting symbols
-          return '"' unless config.for_cop('Style/StringLiterals')['Enabled']
-
-          config.for_cop('Style/StringLiterals')['EnforcedStyle'] == 'single_quotes' ? "'" : '"'
-        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/mixin/string_literals_help.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/mixin/string_literals_help.rb
index 5dc088d371e..c43c08dc176 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/cop/mixin/string_literals_help.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/mixin/string_literals_help.rb
@@ -4,12 +4,10 @@ module RuboCop
   module Cop
     # Common functionality for cops checking single/double quotes.
     module StringLiteralsHelp
-      include StringHelp
-
       private
 
-      def wrong_quotes?(node)
-        src = node.source
+      def wrong_quotes?(src_or_node)
+        src = src_or_node.is_a?(RuboCop::AST::Node) ? src_or_node.source : src_or_node
         return false if src.start_with?('%', '?')
 
         if style == :single_quotes
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/mixin/symbol_help.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/mixin/symbol_help.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2ab5a7d0a0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/mixin/symbol_help.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module RuboCop
+  module Cop
+    # Classes that include this module just implement functions for working
+    # with symbol nodes.
+    module SymbolHelp
+      def hash_key?(node)
+        node.parent&.pair_type? && node == node.parent.child_nodes.first
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/style/quoted_symbols.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/style/quoted_symbols.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e1f196e2a7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/style/quoted_symbols.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module RuboCop
+  module Cop
+    module Style
+      # Checks if the quotes used for quoted symbols match the configured defaults.
+      # By default uses the same configuration as `Style/StringLiterals`.
+      #
+      # String interpolation is always kept in double quotes.
+      #
+      # Note: `Lint/SymbolConversion` can be used in parallel to ensure that symbols
+      # are not quoted that don't need to be. This cop is for configuring the quoting
+      # style to use for symbols that require quotes.
+      #
+      # @example EnforcedStyle: same_as_string_literals (default) / single_quotes
+      #   # bad
+      #   :"abc-def"
+      #
+      #   # good
+      #   :'abc-def'
+      #   :"#{str}"
+      #   :"a\'b"
+      #
+      # @example EnforcedStyle: double_quotes
+      #   # bad
+      #   :'abc-def'
+      #
+      #   # good
+      #   :"abc-def"
+      #   :"#{str}"
+      #   :"a\'b"
+      class QuotedSymbols < Base
+        include ConfigurableEnforcedStyle
+        include SymbolHelp
+        include StringLiteralsHelp
+        extend AutoCorrector
+
+        MSG_SINGLE = "Prefer single-quoted symbols when you don't need string interpolation " \
+          'or special symbols.'
+        MSG_DOUBLE = 'Prefer double-quoted symbols unless you need single quotes to ' \
+          'avoid extra backslashes for escaping.'
+
+        def on_sym(node)
+          return unless quoted?(node)
+
+          message = style == :single_quotes ? MSG_SINGLE : MSG_DOUBLE
+
+          if wrong_quotes?(node)
+            add_offense(node, message: message) do |corrector|
+              opposite_style_detected
+              autocorrect(corrector, node)
+            end
+          else
+            correct_style_detected
+          end
+        end
+
+        private
+
+        def autocorrect(corrector, node)
+          str = if hash_key?(node)
+                  # strip quotes
+                  correct_quotes(node.source[1..-2])
+                else
+                  # strip leading `:` and quotes
+                  ":#{correct_quotes(node.source[2..-2])}"
+                end
+
+          corrector.replace(node, str)
+        end
+
+        def correct_quotes(str)
+          if style == :single_quotes
+            to_string_literal(str)
+          else
+            str.inspect
+          end
+        end
+
+        def style
+          return super unless super == :same_as_string_literals
+
+          string_literals_config = config.for_cop('Style/StringLiterals')
+          return :single_quotes unless string_literals_config['Enabled']
+
+          string_literals_config['EnforcedStyle'].to_sym
+        end
+
+        def alternative_style
+          (supported_styles - [style, :same_as_string_literals]).first
+        end
+
+        def quoted?(sym_node)
+          sym_node.source.match?(/\A:?(['"]).*?\1\z/m)
+        end
+
+        def wrong_quotes?(node)
+          return super if hash_key?(node)
+
+          super(node.source[1..-1])
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/style/string_literals.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/style/string_literals.rb
index 5cee8d8e19c..46ff41b5fa9 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/cop/style/string_literals.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/style/string_literals.rb
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ module Style
       class StringLiterals < Base
         include ConfigurableEnforcedStyle
         include StringLiteralsHelp
+        include StringHelp
         extend AutoCorrector
 
         MSG_INCONSISTENT = 'Inconsistent quote style.'
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/style/string_literals_in_interpolation.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/style/string_literals_in_interpolation.rb
index cd4193e6352..6b01b72549e 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/cop/style/string_literals_in_interpolation.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/style/string_literals_in_interpolation.rb
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ module Style
       class StringLiteralsInInterpolation < Base
         include ConfigurableEnforcedStyle
         include StringLiteralsHelp
+        include StringHelp
         extend AutoCorrector
 
         def autocorrect(corrector, node)
diff --git a/spec/rubocop/cli/autocorrect_spec.rb b/spec/rubocop/cli/autocorrect_spec.rb
index ca63408999d..df37422af5d 100644
--- a/spec/rubocop/cli/autocorrect_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/rubocop/cli/autocorrect_spec.rb
@@ -2051,4 +2051,33 @@ def my_func
       end
     RUBY
   end
+
+  it 'consistently quotes symbol keys in a hash using `Lint/SymbolConversion` ' \
+      'with `EnforcedStyle: consistent` and `Style/QuotedSymbols`' do
+    source_file = Pathname('example.rb')
+    create_file(source_file, <<~RUBY)
+      {
+        a: 1,
+        b: 2,
+        'c-d': 3
+      }
+    RUBY
+
+    create_file('.rubocop.yml', <<~YAML)
+      Lint/SymbolConversion:
+        EnforcedStyle: consistent
+      Style/QuotedSymbols:
+        EnforcedStyle: double_quotes
+    YAML
+
+    status = cli.run(['--auto-correct', '--only', 'Lint/SymbolConversion,Style/QuotedSymbols'])
+    expect(status).to eq(0)
+    expect(source_file.read).to eq(<<~RUBY)
+      {
+        "a": 1,
+        "b": 2,
+        "c-d": 3
+      }
+    RUBY
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/rubocop/cop/lint/symbol_conversion_spec.rb b/spec/rubocop/cop/lint/symbol_conversion_spec.rb
index 8a72240652e..810d985c11a 100644
--- a/spec/rubocop/cop/lint/symbol_conversion_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/rubocop/cop/lint/symbol_conversion_spec.rb
@@ -170,18 +170,7 @@
   end
 
   context 'EnforcedStyle: consistent' do
-    let(:string_literals_enabled) { true }
-    let(:string_literals_style) { 'single_quotes' }
-
     let(:cop_config) { { 'EnforcedStyle' => 'consistent' } }
-    let(:other_cops) do
-      {
-        'Style/StringLiterals' => {
-          'Enabled' => string_literals_enabled,
-          'EnforcedStyle' => string_literals_style
-        }
-      }
-    end
 
     context 'hash where no keys need to be quoted' do
       it 'does not register an offense' do
@@ -218,9 +207,9 @@
         expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
           {
             a: 1,
-            ^ Symbol hash key should be quoted for consistency; use `'a':` instead.
+            ^ Symbol hash key should be quoted for consistency; use `"a":` instead.
             b: 2,
-            ^ Symbol hash key should be quoted for consistency; use `'b':` instead.
+            ^ Symbol hash key should be quoted for consistency; use `"b":` instead.
             'c': 3,
             'd-e': 4
           }
@@ -228,8 +217,8 @@
 
         expect_correction(<<~RUBY)
           {
-            'a': 1,
-            'b': 2,
+            "a": 1,
+            "b": 2,
             'c': 3,
             'd-e': 4
           }
@@ -243,14 +232,14 @@
           {
             'a=': 1,
             b: 2
-            ^ Symbol hash key should be quoted for consistency; use `'b':` instead.
+            ^ Symbol hash key should be quoted for consistency; use `"b":` instead.
           }
         RUBY
 
         expect_correction(<<~RUBY)
           {
             'a=': 1,
-            'b': 2
+            "b": 2
           }
         RUBY
       end
@@ -279,43 +268,5 @@
         RUBY
       end
     end
-
-    context 'quote style' do
-      let(:source) do
-        <<~RUBY
-          { a: 1, 'b-c': 2 }
-        RUBY
-      end
-
-      context 'when Style/StringLiterals is not enabled' do
-        let(:string_literals_enabled) { false }
-
-        it 'uses double quotes to correct' do
-          expect_correction(<<~RUBY, source: source)
-            { "a": 1, 'b-c': 2 }
-          RUBY
-        end
-      end
-
-      context 'when Style/StringLiterals uses single_quotes style' do
-        let(:string_literals_style) { 'single_quotes' }
-
-        it 'uses double quotes to correct' do
-          expect_correction(<<~RUBY, source: source)
-            { 'a': 1, 'b-c': 2 }
-          RUBY
-        end
-      end
-
-      context 'when Style/StringLiterals uses double_quotes style' do
-        let(:string_literals_style) { 'double_quotes' }
-
-        it 'uses double quotes to correct' do
-          expect_correction(<<~RUBY, source: source)
-            { "a": 1, 'b-c': 2 }
-          RUBY
-        end
-      end
-    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/rubocop/cop/style/quoted_symbols_spec.rb b/spec/rubocop/cop/style/quoted_symbols_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e6089267af3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/rubocop/cop/style/quoted_symbols_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+RSpec.describe RuboCop::Cop::Style::QuotedSymbols, :config do
+  shared_examples_for 'enforce single quotes' do
+    it 'accepts unquoted symbols' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        :a
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts single quotes' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        :'a'
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes with interpolation' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~'RUBY')
+        :"#{a}"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes when interpolating an instance variable' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~'RUBY')
+        :"#@test"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes when interpolating a global variable' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~'RUBY')
+        :"#$test"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes when interpolating a class variable' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~'RUBY')
+        :"#@@test"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes with escape sequences' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        :"a\nb"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts single quotes with double quotes' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        :'"'
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes with single quotes' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        :"'"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts single quotes with line breaks' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        :'a
+          bc'
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes with line breaks' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        :"a
+          bc"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes when control characters are used' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~'RUBY')
+        :"\e"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes when unicode control sequence is used' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~'RUBY')
+        :"Espa\u00f1a"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes with some other special symbols' do
+      # "Substitutions in double-quoted symbols"
+      # http://www.ruby-doc.org/docs/ProgrammingRuby/html/language.html
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~'RUBY')
+        g = :"\x3D"
+        copyright = :"\u00A9"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'registers an offense and corrects for double quotes without interpolation' do
+      expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+        :"a"
+        ^^^^ Prefer single-quoted symbols when you don't need string interpolation or special symbols.
+      RUBY
+
+      expect_correction(<<~RUBY)
+        :'a'
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'registers an offense and corrects for double quotes in hash keys' do
+      expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+        { "a": value }
+          ^^^ Prefer single-quoted symbols when you don't need string interpolation or special symbols.
+      RUBY
+
+      expect_correction(<<~RUBY)
+        { 'a': value }
+      RUBY
+    end
+  end
+
+  shared_examples_for 'enforce double quotes' do
+    it 'accepts unquoted symbols' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        :a
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        :"a"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes with interpolation' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~'RUBY')
+        :"#{a}"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes when interpolating an instance variable' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~'RUBY')
+        :"#@test"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes when interpolating a global variable' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~'RUBY')
+        :"#$test"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes when interpolating a class variable' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~'RUBY')
+        :"#@@test"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes with escape sequences' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        :"a\nb"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts single quotes with double quotes' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        :'"'
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes with single quotes' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        :"'"
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts single quotes with line breaks' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        :'a
+          bc'
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts double quotes with line breaks' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        :'a
+          bc'
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'registers an offense for single quotes' do
+      expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+        :'a'
+        ^^^^ Prefer double-quoted symbols unless you need single quotes to avoid extra backslashes for escaping.
+      RUBY
+
+      expect_correction(<<~RUBY)
+        :"a"
+      RUBY
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'configured with `same_as_string_literals`' do
+    let(:cop_config) { { 'EnforcedStyle' => 'same_as_string_literals' } }
+
+    context 'when Style/StringLiterals is configured with single_quotes' do
+      let(:other_cops) { { 'Style/StringLiterals' => { 'EnforcedStyle' => 'single_quotes' } } }
+
+      it_behaves_like 'enforce single quotes'
+    end
+
+    context 'when Style/StringLiterals is configured with double_quotes' do
+      let(:other_cops) { { 'Style/StringLiterals' => { 'EnforcedStyle' => 'double_quotes' } } }
+
+      it_behaves_like 'enforce double quotes'
+    end
+
+    context 'when Style/StringLiterals is disabled' do
+      let(:other_cops) { { 'Style/StringLiterals' => { 'Enabled' => false } } }
+
+      it_behaves_like 'enforce single quotes'
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'configured with `single_quotes`' do
+    let(:cop_config) { { 'EnforcedStyle' => 'single_quotes' } }
+
+    it_behaves_like 'enforce single quotes'
+  end
+
+  context 'configured with `double_quotes`' do
+    let(:cop_config) { { 'EnforcedStyle' => 'double_quotes' } }
+
+    it_behaves_like 'enforce double quotes'
+  end
+end