diff --git a/changelog/fix_incorrect_autocorrect_for_single_line_methods.md b/changelog/fix_incorrect_autocorrect_for_single_line_methods.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f58e3abb5a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog/fix_incorrect_autocorrect_for_single_line_methods.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* [#9740](https://github.com/rubocop/rubocop/pull/9740): Fix an incorrect auto-correct for `Style/SingleLineMethods` when defining setter method. ([@koic][])
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/style/single_line_methods.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/style/single_line_methods.rb
index 41bde1fbe92..20e20fbb0c9 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/cop/style/single_line_methods.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/style/single_line_methods.rb
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ def correct_to_endless?(body_node)
           return false unless endless_method_config['Enabled']
           return false if endless_method_config['EnforcedStyle'] == 'disallow'
           return false unless body_node
+          return false if body_node.parent.assignment_method?
 
           !(body_node.begin_type? || body_node.kwbegin_type?)
         end
@@ -115,15 +116,19 @@ def move_comment(node, corrector)
         end
 
         def method_body_source(method_body)
-          if !method_body.send_type? || method_body.arguments.empty? || method_body.parenthesized?
-            method_body.source
-          else
+          if require_parentheses?(method_body)
             arguments_source = method_body.arguments.map(&:source).join(', ')
             body_source = "#{method_body.method_name}(#{arguments_source})"
 
             method_body.receiver ? "#{method_body.receiver.source}.#{body_source}" : body_source
+          else
+            method_body.source
           end
         end
+
+        def require_parentheses?(method_body)
+          method_body.send_type? && !method_body.arguments.empty? && !method_body.comparison_method?
+        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/rubocop/cop/style/single_line_methods_spec.rb b/spec/rubocop/cop/style/single_line_methods_spec.rb
index 2802bb8f6d8..61d954132c5 100644
--- a/spec/rubocop/cop/style/single_line_methods_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/rubocop/cop/style/single_line_methods_spec.rb
@@ -211,6 +211,23 @@ def some_method() = body
         RUBY
       end
 
+      RuboCop::AST::Node::COMPARISON_OPERATORS.each do |op|
+        it "corrects to an endless class method definition when using #{op}" do
+          expect_correction(<<~RUBY.strip, source: "def #{op}(other) self #{op} other end")
+            def #{op}(other) = self #{op} other
+          RUBY
+        end
+      end
+
+      # NOTE: Setter method cannot be defined in the endless method definition.
+      it 'corrects to multiline method definition when defining setter method' do
+        expect_correction(<<~RUBY.chop, source: 'def foo=(foo) @foo = foo end')
+          def foo=(foo)#{trailing_whitespace}
+            @foo = foo#{trailing_whitespace}
+          end
+        RUBY
+      end
+
       it 'corrects to a normal method if the method body contains multiple statements' do
         expect_correction(<<~RUBY.strip, source: 'def some_method; foo; bar end')
           def some_method;#{trailing_whitespace}