Prevent keepUnusedDataFor values from overflowing setTimeout counter

[markerikson]

Fixes #2535

Turns out setTimeout counters, which are in milliseconds, are normally stored in a 32-bit counter. So, 24.8 days is the longest you can safely provide (the usual 2.1 billion number, etc), otherwise it wraps and ends up executing immediately instead - oops!

Clamped it to be a max of 1s less, and also a min of 0.

[phryneas]

Maybe with that knowledge, we should also allow for some kind of "keep indefinitely" option with Math.INFINITE or just -1?

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[markerikson]

Added a note to #2593 to add Math.INFINITE checks, as that task will need to rework timer behavior anyway.