tmp.js

/*!
 * Tmp
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2011-2017 KARASZI Istvan <github@spam.raszi.hu>
 *
 * MIT Licensed
 */

/*
 * Module dependencies.
 */
const fs = require('fs');
const os = require('os');
const path = require('path');
const crypto = require('crypto');
const _c = fs.constants && os.constants ?
  { fs: fs.constants, os: os.constants } :
  process.binding('constants');
const rimraf = require('rimraf');

/*
 * The working inner variables.
 */
const
  /**
   * The temporary directory.
   * @type {string}
   */
  tmpDir = os.tmpdir(),

  // the random characters to choose from
  RANDOM_CHARS = '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz',

  TEMPLATE_PATTERN = /XXXXXX/,

  DEFAULT_TRIES = 3,

  CREATE_FLAGS = (_c.O_CREAT || _c.fs.O_CREAT) | (_c.O_EXCL || _c.fs.O_EXCL) | (_c.O_RDWR || _c.fs.O_RDWR),

  EBADF = _c.EBADF || _c.os.errno.EBADF,
  ENOENT = _c.ENOENT || _c.os.errno.ENOENT,

  DIR_MODE = 448 /* 0o700 */,
  FILE_MODE = 384 /* 0o600 */,

  EVENT = 'exit',

  // this will hold the objects need to be removed on exit
  _removeObjects = [];

var
  _gracefulCleanup = false;

/**
 * Random name generator based on crypto.
 * Adapted from http://blog.tompawlak.org/how-to-generate-random-values-nodejs-javascript
 *
 * @param {number} howMany
 * @returns {string} the generated random name
 * @private
 */
function _randomChars(howMany) {
  var
    value = [],
    rnd = null;

  // make sure that we do not fail because we ran out of entropy
  try {
    rnd = crypto.randomBytes(howMany);
  } catch (e) {
    rnd = crypto.pseudoRandomBytes(howMany);
  }

  for (var i = 0; i < howMany; i++) {
    value.push(RANDOM_CHARS[rnd[i] % RANDOM_CHARS.length]);
  }

  return value.join('');
}

/**
 * Checks whether the `obj` parameter is defined or not.
 *
 * @param {Object} obj
 * @returns {boolean} true if the object is undefined
 * @private
 */
function _isUndefined(obj) {
  return typeof obj === 'undefined';
}

/**
 * Parses the function arguments.
 *
 * This function helps to have optional arguments.
 *
 * @param {(Options|Function)} options
 * @param {Function} callback
 * @returns {Array} parsed arguments
 * @private
 */
function _parseArguments(options, callback) {
  /* istanbul ignore else */
  if (typeof options == 'function') {
    return [{}, options];
  }

  /* istanbul ignore else */
  if (_isUndefined(options)) {
    return [{}, callback];
  }

  return [options, callback];
}

/**
 * Generates a new temporary name.
 *
 * @param {Object} opts
 * @returns {string} the new random name according to opts
 * @private
 */
function _generateTmpName(opts) {

  // fail early on missing tmp dir
  if (!opts.dir && !tmpDir)
    throw new Error("no tmp dir specified");

  /* istanbul ignore else */
  if (opts.name) {
    return path.join(opts.dir || tmpDir, opts.name);
  }

  // mkstemps like template
  /* istanbul ignore else */
  if (opts.template) {
    var template = opts.template;
    // make sure that we prepend the tmp path if none was given
    /* istanbul ignore else */
    if (path.basename(template) == template)
      template = path.join(opts.dir || tmpDir, template);
    return template.replace(TEMPLATE_PATTERN, _randomChars(6));
  }

  // prefix and postfix
  const name = [
    opts.prefix || 'tmp-',
    process.pid,
    _randomChars(12),
    opts.postfix || ''
  ].join('');

  return path.join(opts.dir || tmpDir, name);
}

/**
 * Gets a temporary file name.
 *
 * @param {(Options|tmpNameCallback)} options options or callback
 * @param {?tmpNameCallback} callback the callback function
 */
function tmpName(options, callback) {
  var
    args = _parseArguments(options, callback),
    opts = args[0],
    cb = args[1],
    tries = opts.name ? 1 : opts.tries || DEFAULT_TRIES;

  /* istanbul ignore else */
  if (isNaN(tries) || tries < 0)
    return cb(new Error('Invalid tries'));

  /* istanbul ignore else */
  if (opts.template && !opts.template.match(TEMPLATE_PATTERN))
    return cb(new Error('Invalid template provided'));

  (function _getUniqueName() {
    const name = _generateTmpName(opts);

    // check whether the path exists then retry if needed
    fs.stat(name, function (err) {
      /* istanbul ignore else */
      if (!err) {
        /* istanbul ignore else */
        if (tries-- > 0) return _getUniqueName();

        return cb(new Error('Could not get a unique tmp filename, max tries reached ' + name));
      }

      cb(null, name);
    });
  }());
}

/**
 * Synchronous version of tmpName.
 *
 * @param {Object} options
 * @returns {string} the generated random name
 * @throws {Error} if the options are invalid or could not generate a filename
 */
function tmpNameSync(options) {
  var
    args = _parseArguments(options),
    opts = args[0],
    tries = opts.name ? 1 : opts.tries || DEFAULT_TRIES;

  /* istanbul ignore else */
  if (isNaN(tries) || tries < 0)
    throw new Error('Invalid tries');

  /* istanbul ignore else */
  if (opts.template && !opts.template.match(TEMPLATE_PATTERN))
    throw new Error('Invalid template provided');

  do {
    const name = _generateTmpName(opts);
    try {
      fs.statSync(name);
    } catch (e) {
      return name;
    }
  } while (tries-- > 0);

  throw new Error('Could not get a unique tmp filename, max tries reached');
}

/**
 * Creates and opens a temporary file.
 *
 * @param {(Options|fileCallback)} options the config options or the callback function
 * @param {?fileCallback} callback
 */
function file(options, callback) {
  var
    args = _parseArguments(options, callback),
    opts = args[0],
    cb = args[1];

  opts.postfix = (_isUndefined(opts.postfix)) ? '.tmp' : opts.postfix;

  // gets a temporary filename
  tmpName(opts, function _tmpNameCreated(err, name) {
    /* istanbul ignore else */
    if (err) return cb(err);

    // create and open the file
    fs.open(name, CREATE_FLAGS, opts.mode || FILE_MODE, function _fileCreated(err, fd) {
      /* istanbul ignore else */
      if (err) return cb(err);

      if (opts.discardDescriptor) {
        return fs.close(fd, function _discardCallback(err) {
          /* istanbul ignore else */
          if (err) {
            // Low probability, and the file exists, so this could be
            // ignored.  If it isn't we certainly need to unlink the
            // file, and if that fails too its error is more
            // important.
            try {
              fs.unlinkSync(name);
            } catch (e) {
              if (!isENOENT(e)) {
                err = e;
              }
            }
            return cb(err);
          }
          cb(null, name, undefined, _prepareTmpFileRemoveCallback(name, -1, opts));
        });
      }
      /* istanbul ignore else */
      if (opts.detachDescriptor) {
        return cb(null, name, fd, _prepareTmpFileRemoveCallback(name, -1, opts));
      }
      cb(null, name, fd, _prepareTmpFileRemoveCallback(name, fd, opts));
    });
  });
}

/**
 * Synchronous version of file.
 *
 * @param {Options} options
 * @returns {FileSyncObject} object consists of name, fd and removeCallback
 * @throws {Error} if cannot create a file
 */
function fileSync(options) {
  var
    args = _parseArguments(options),
    opts = args[0];

  opts.postfix = opts.postfix || '.tmp';

  const discardOrDetachDescriptor = opts.discardDescriptor || opts.detachDescriptor;
  const name = tmpNameSync(opts);
  var fd = fs.openSync(name, CREATE_FLAGS, opts.mode || FILE_MODE);
  /* istanbul ignore else */
  if (opts.discardDescriptor) {
    fs.closeSync(fd);
    fd = undefined;
  }

  return {
    name: name,
    fd: fd,
    removeCallback: _prepareTmpFileRemoveCallback(name, discardOrDetachDescriptor ? -1 : fd, opts)
  };
}

/**
 * Creates a temporary directory.
 *
 * @param {(Options|dirCallback)} options the options or the callback function
 * @param {?dirCallback} callback
 */
function dir(options, callback) {
  var
    args = _parseArguments(options, callback),
    opts = args[0],
    cb = args[1];

  // gets a temporary filename
  tmpName(opts, function _tmpNameCreated(err, name) {
    /* istanbul ignore else */
    if (err) return cb(err);

    // create the directory
    fs.mkdir(name, opts.mode || DIR_MODE, function _dirCreated(err) {
      /* istanbul ignore else */
      if (err) return cb(err);

      cb(null, name, _prepareTmpDirRemoveCallback(name, opts));
    });
  });
}

/**
 * Synchronous version of dir.
 *
 * @param {Options} options
 * @returns {DirSyncObject} object consists of name and removeCallback
 * @throws {Error} if it cannot create a directory
 */
function dirSync(options) {
  var
    args = _parseArguments(options),
    opts = args[0];

  const name = tmpNameSync(opts);
  fs.mkdirSync(name, opts.mode || DIR_MODE);

  return {
    name: name,
    removeCallback: _prepareTmpDirRemoveCallback(name, opts)
  };
}

/**
 * Removes files asynchronously.
 *
 * @param {Object} fdPath
 * @param {Function} next
 * @private
 */
function _removeFileAsync(fdPath, next) {
  const _handler = function (err) {
    if (err && !isENOENT(err)) {
      // reraise any unanticipated error
      return next(err);
    }
    next();
  }

  if (0 <= fdPath[0])
    fs.close(fdPath[0], function (err) {
      fs.unlink(fdPath[1], _handler);
    });
  else fs.unlink(fdPath[1], _handler);
}

/**
 * Removes files synchronously.
 *
 * @param {Object} fdPath
 * @private
 */
function _removeFileSync(fdPath) {
  try {
    if (0 <= fdPath[0]) fs.closeSync(fdPath[0]);
  } catch (e) {
    // reraise any unanticipated error
    if (!isEBADF(e) && !isENOENT(e)) throw e;
  } finally {
    try {
      fs.unlinkSync(fdPath[1]);
    }
    catch (e) {
      // reraise any unanticipated error
      if (!isENOENT(e)) throw e;
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Prepares the callback for removal of the temporary file.
 *
 * @param {string} name the path of the file
 * @param {number} fd file descriptor
 * @param {Object} opts
 * @returns {fileCallback}
 * @private
 */
function _prepareTmpFileRemoveCallback(name, fd, opts) {
  const removeCallbackSync = _prepareRemoveCallback(_removeFileSync, [fd, name]);
  const removeCallback = _prepareRemoveCallback(_removeFileAsync, [fd, name], removeCallbackSync);

  if (!opts.keep) _removeObjects.unshift(removeCallbackSync);

  return removeCallback;
}

/**
 * Simple wrapper for rimraf.
 *
 * @param {string} dirPath
 * @param {Function} next
 * @private
 */
function _rimrafRemoveDirWrapper(dirPath, next) {
  rimraf(dirPath, next);
}

/**
 * Simple wrapper for rimraf.sync.
 *
 * @param {string} dirPath
 * @private
 */
function _rimrafRemoveDirSyncWrapper(dirPath, next) {
  try {
    return next(null, rimraf.sync(dirPath));
  } catch (err) {
    return next(err);
  }
}

/**
 * Prepares the callback for removal of the temporary directory.
 *
 * @param {string} name
 * @param {Object} opts
 * @returns {Function} the callback
 * @private
 */
function _prepareTmpDirRemoveCallback(name, opts) {
  const removeFunction = opts.unsafeCleanup ? _rimrafRemoveDirWrapper : fs.rmdir.bind(fs);
  const removeFunctionSync = opts.unsafeCleanup ? _rimrafRemoveDirSyncWrapper : fs.rmdirSync.bind(fs);
  const removeCallbackSync = _prepareRemoveCallback(removeFunctionSync, name);
  const removeCallback = _prepareRemoveCallback(removeFunction, name, removeCallbackSync);
  if (!opts.keep) _removeObjects.unshift(removeCallbackSync);

  return removeCallback;
}

/**
 * Creates a guarded function wrapping the removeFunction call.
 *
 * @param {Function} removeFunction
 * @param {Object} arg
 * @returns {Function}
 * @private
 */
function _prepareRemoveCallback(removeFunction, arg, cleanupCallbackSync) {
  var called = false;

  return function _cleanupCallback(next) {
    next = next || function () {};
    if (!called) {
      const toRemove = cleanupCallbackSync || _cleanupCallback;
      const index = _removeObjects.indexOf(toRemove);
      /* istanbul ignore else */
      if (index >= 0) _removeObjects.splice(index, 1);

      called = true;
      // sync?
      if (removeFunction.length == 1) {
        try {
          removeFunction(arg);
          return next(null);
        }
        catch (err) {
          // if no next is provided and since we are
          // in silent cleanup mode on process exit,
          // we will ignore the error
          return next(err);
        }
      } else return removeFunction(arg, next);
    } else return next(new Error('cleanup callback has already been called'));
  };
}

/**
 * The garbage collector.
 *
 * @private
 */
function _garbageCollector() {
  /* istanbul ignore else */
  if (!_gracefulCleanup) return;

  // the function being called removes itself from _removeObjects,
  // loop until _removeObjects is empty
  while (_removeObjects.length) {
    try {
      _removeObjects[0]();
    } catch (e) {
      // already removed?
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Helper for testing against EBADF to compensate changes made to Node 7.x under Windows.
 */
function isEBADF(error) {
  return isExpectedError(error, -EBADF, 'EBADF');
}

/**
 * Helper for testing against ENOENT to compensate changes made to Node 7.x under Windows.
 */
function isENOENT(error) {
  return isExpectedError(error, -ENOENT, 'ENOENT');
}

/**
 * Helper to determine whether the expected error code matches the actual code and errno,
 * which will differ between the supported node versions.
 *
 * - Node >= 7.0:
 *   error.code {String}
 *   error.errno {String|Number} any numerical value will be negated
 *
 * - Node >= 6.0 < 7.0:
 *   error.code {String}
 *   error.errno {Number} negated
 *
 * - Node >= 4.0 < 6.0: introduces SystemError
 *   error.code {String}
 *   error.errno {Number} negated
 *
 * - Node >= 0.10 < 4.0:
 *   error.code {Number} negated
 *   error.errno n/a
 */
function isExpectedError(error, code, errno) {
  return error.code == code || error.code == errno;
}

/**
 * Sets the graceful cleanup.
 */
function setGracefulCleanup() {
  _gracefulCleanup = true;
}

/**
 * If there are multiple different versions of tmp in place, make sure that
 * we recognize the old listeners.
 *
 * @param {Function} listener
 * @private
 * @returns {Boolean} true whether listener is a legacy listener
 */
function _is_legacy_listener(listener) {
  return (listener.name == '_exit' || listener.name == '_uncaughtExceptionThrown')
    && listener.toString().indexOf('_garbageCollector();') > -1;
}

/**
 * Safely install process exit listeners.
 * 
 * @private
 */
function _safely_install_listener() {
  var listeners = process.listeners(EVENT);

  // collect any existing listeners
  var existingListeners = [];
  for (var i = 0, length = listeners.length; i < length; i++) {
    var lstnr = listeners[i];
    /* istanbul ignore else */
    if (lstnr.name == '_tmp$safe_listener' || _is_legacy_listener(lstnr)) {
      // we must forget about the uncaughtException listener
      if (lstnr.name != '_uncaughtExceptionThrown') existingListeners.push(lstnr);
      process.removeListener(EVENT, lstnr);
    }
  }

  process.addListener(EVENT, function _tmp$safe_listener(data) {
    /* istanbul ignore else */
    if (existingListeners.length) {
      for (var i = 0, length = existingListeners.length; i < length; i++) {
        existingListeners[i](data);
      }
    }
    _garbageCollector();
  });
}

_safely_install_listener();


/**
 * Configuration options.
 *
 * @typedef {Object} Options
 * @property {?number} tries the number of tries before give up the name generation
 * @property {?string} template the "mkstemp" like filename template
 * @property {?string} name fix name
 * @property {?string} dir the tmp directory to use
 * @property {?string} prefix prefix for the generated name
 * @property {?string} postfix postfix for the generated name
 * @property {?boolean} unsafeCleanup recursively removes the created temporary directory, even when it's not empty
 */

/**
 * @typedef {Object} FileSyncObject
 * @property {string} name the name of the file
 * @property {string} fd the file descriptor
 * @property {fileCallback} removeCallback the callback function to remove the file
 */

/**
 * @typedef {Object} DirSyncObject
 * @property {string} name the name of the directory
 * @property {fileCallback} removeCallback the callback function to remove the directory
 */

/**
 * @callback tmpNameCallback
 * @param {?Error} err the error object if anything goes wrong
 * @param {string} name the temporary file name
 */

/**
 * @callback fileCallback
 * @param {?Error} err the error object if anything goes wrong
 * @param {string} name the temporary file name
 * @param {number} fd the file descriptor
 * @param {cleanupCallback} fn the cleanup callback function
 */

/**
 * @callback dirCallback
 * @param {?Error} err the error object if anything goes wrong
 * @param {string} name the temporary file name
 * @param {cleanupCallback} fn the cleanup callback function
 */

/**
 * Removes the temporary created file or directory.
 *
 * @callback cleanupCallback
 * @param {simpleCallback} [next] function to call after entry was removed
 */

/**
 * Callback function for function composition.
 * @see {@link https://github.com/raszi/node-tmp/issues/57|raszi/node-tmp#57}
 *
 * @callback simpleCallback
 */

// exporting all the needed methods
module.exports.tmpdir = tmpDir;

module.exports.dir = dir;
module.exports.dirSync = dirSync;

module.exports.file = file;
module.exports.fileSync = fileSync;

module.exports.tmpName = tmpName;
module.exports.tmpNameSync = tmpNameSync;

module.exports.setGracefulCleanup = setGracefulCleanup;