From 4a2b1ecdcb8cac5a5ebf4d6829b973759e9ba9d8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dillon Welch <daw0328@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 13 Apr 2018 21:48:52 -0700
Subject: [PATCH] Add frozen_string_literal: true to remaining files

See https://github.com/rack/rack/issues/1243 for history of this task
---
 Rakefile                                                      | 2 ++
 example/protectedlobster.rb                                   | 2 ++
 lib/rack.rb                                                   | 2 ++
 lib/rack/auth/abstract/handler.rb                             | 2 ++
 lib/rack/auth/abstract/request.rb                             | 2 ++
 lib/rack/auth/basic.rb                                        | 2 ++
 lib/rack/auth/digest/md5.rb                                   | 2 ++
 lib/rack/auth/digest/nonce.rb                                 | 2 ++
 lib/rack/auth/digest/params.rb                                | 2 ++
 lib/rack/auth/digest/request.rb                               | 2 ++
 lib/rack/body_proxy.rb                                        | 2 ++
 lib/rack/builder.rb                                           | 2 ++
 lib/rack/cascade.rb                                           | 2 ++
 lib/rack/chunked.rb                                           | 2 ++
 lib/rack/common_logger.rb                                     | 2 ++
 lib/rack/conditional_get.rb                                   | 2 ++
 lib/rack/config.rb                                            | 2 ++
 lib/rack/content_length.rb                                    | 2 ++
 lib/rack/content_type.rb                                      | 2 ++
 lib/rack/deflater.rb                                          | 1 +
 lib/rack/directory.rb                                         | 2 ++
 lib/rack/etag.rb                                              | 2 ++
 lib/rack/events.rb                                            | 2 ++
 lib/rack/file.rb                                              | 2 ++
 lib/rack/handler.rb                                           | 2 ++
 lib/rack/handler/cgi.rb                                       | 2 ++
 lib/rack/handler/fastcgi.rb                                   | 2 ++
 lib/rack/handler/lsws.rb                                      | 2 ++
 lib/rack/handler/scgi.rb                                      | 2 ++
 lib/rack/handler/thin.rb                                      | 2 ++
 lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb                                   | 2 ++
 lib/rack/head.rb                                              | 2 ++
 lib/rack/lint.rb                                              | 2 ++
 lib/rack/lobster.rb                                           | 2 ++
 lib/rack/lock.rb                                              | 2 ++
 lib/rack/logger.rb                                            | 2 ++
 lib/rack/media_type.rb                                        | 2 ++
 lib/rack/method_override.rb                                   | 2 ++
 lib/rack/mime.rb                                              | 2 ++
 lib/rack/mock.rb                                              | 2 ++
 lib/rack/multipart.rb                                         | 2 ++
 lib/rack/multipart/generator.rb                               | 2 ++
 lib/rack/multipart/parser.rb                                  | 2 ++
 lib/rack/multipart/uploaded_file.rb                           | 2 ++
 lib/rack/null_logger.rb                                       | 2 ++
 lib/rack/query_parser.rb                                      | 2 ++
 lib/rack/recursive.rb                                         | 2 ++
 lib/rack/reloader.rb                                          | 2 ++
 lib/rack/request.rb                                           | 2 ++
 lib/rack/response.rb                                          | 2 ++
 lib/rack/rewindable_input.rb                                  | 2 ++
 lib/rack/runtime.rb                                           | 2 ++
 lib/rack/sendfile.rb                                          | 2 ++
 lib/rack/server.rb                                            | 2 ++
 lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb                               | 2 ++
 lib/rack/session/cookie.rb                                    | 2 ++
 lib/rack/session/memcache.rb                                  | 2 ++
 lib/rack/session/pool.rb                                      | 2 ++
 lib/rack/show_exceptions.rb                                   | 2 ++
 lib/rack/show_status.rb                                       | 2 ++
 lib/rack/static.rb                                            | 2 ++
 lib/rack/tempfile_reaper.rb                                   | 2 ++
 lib/rack/urlmap.rb                                            | 2 ++
 lib/rack/utils.rb                                             | 2 ++
 test/builder/an_underscore_app.rb                             | 2 ++
 test/builder/anything.rb                                      | 2 ++
 test/cgi/rackup_stub.rb                                       | 2 ++
 test/gemloader.rb                                             | 2 ++
 test/helper.rb                                                | 2 ++
 test/registering_handler/rack/handler/registering_myself.rb   | 2 ++
 test/spec_auth_basic.rb                                       | 2 ++
 test/spec_auth_digest.rb                                      | 2 ++
 test/spec_body_proxy.rb                                       | 2 ++
 test/spec_builder.rb                                          | 2 ++
 test/spec_cascade.rb                                          | 2 ++
 test/spec_cgi.rb                                              | 2 ++
 test/spec_chunked.rb                                          | 2 ++
 test/spec_common_logger.rb                                    | 2 ++
 test/spec_conditional_get.rb                                  | 2 ++
 test/spec_config.rb                                           | 2 ++
 test/spec_content_length.rb                                   | 2 ++
 test/spec_content_type.rb                                     | 2 ++
 test/spec_deflater.rb                                         | 4 +++-
 test/spec_directory.rb                                        | 2 ++
 test/spec_etag.rb                                             | 2 ++
 test/spec_events.rb                                           | 2 ++
 test/spec_fastcgi.rb                                          | 2 ++
 test/spec_file.rb                                             | 2 ++
 test/spec_handler.rb                                          | 2 ++
 test/spec_head.rb                                             | 2 ++
 test/spec_lint.rb                                             | 2 ++
 test/spec_lobster.rb                                          | 2 ++
 test/spec_lock.rb                                             | 2 ++
 test/spec_logger.rb                                           | 2 ++
 test/spec_media_type.rb                                       | 2 ++
 test/spec_method_override.rb                                  | 2 ++
 test/spec_mime.rb                                             | 2 ++
 test/spec_mock.rb                                             | 2 ++
 test/spec_multipart.rb                                        | 2 ++
 test/spec_null_logger.rb                                      | 2 ++
 test/spec_recursive.rb                                        | 2 ++
 test/spec_request.rb                                          | 2 ++
 test/spec_response.rb                                         | 2 ++
 test/spec_rewindable_input.rb                                 | 2 ++
 test/spec_runtime.rb                                          | 2 ++
 test/spec_sendfile.rb                                         | 2 ++
 test/spec_server.rb                                           | 2 ++
 test/spec_session_abstract_id.rb                              | 2 ++
 test/spec_session_abstract_session_hash.rb                    | 2 ++
 test/spec_session_cookie.rb                                   | 2 ++
 test/spec_session_memcache.rb                                 | 2 ++
 test/spec_session_pool.rb                                     | 2 ++
 test/spec_show_exceptions.rb                                  | 2 ++
 test/spec_show_status.rb                                      | 2 ++
 test/spec_static.rb                                           | 2 ++
 test/spec_tempfile_reaper.rb                                  | 2 ++
 test/spec_thin.rb                                             | 2 ++
 test/spec_urlmap.rb                                           | 2 ++
 test/spec_utils.rb                                            | 2 ++
 test/spec_version.rb                                          | 2 ++
 test/spec_webrick.rb                                          | 2 ++
 test/testrequest.rb                                           | 2 ++
 test/unregistered_handler/rack/handler/unregistered.rb        | 2 ++
 .../rack/handler/unregistered_long_one.rb                     | 2 ++
 124 files changed, 248 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Rakefile b/Rakefile
index c112f1da8..0804aa25d 100644
--- a/Rakefile
+++ b/Rakefile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Rakefile for Rack.  -*-ruby-*-
 
 desc "Run all the tests"
diff --git a/example/protectedlobster.rb b/example/protectedlobster.rb
index 26b23661f..ec1609bd5 100644
--- a/example/protectedlobster.rb
+++ b/example/protectedlobster.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack'
 require 'rack/lobster'
 
diff --git a/lib/rack.rb b/lib/rack.rb
index f1417d2d7..26fe83948 100644
--- a/lib/rack.rb
+++ b/lib/rack.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Copyright (C) 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Christian Neukirchen <purl.org/net/chneukirchen>
 #
 # Rack is freely distributable under the terms of an MIT-style license.
diff --git a/lib/rack/auth/abstract/handler.rb b/lib/rack/auth/abstract/handler.rb
index c657691e1..27dc8c6e2 100644
--- a/lib/rack/auth/abstract/handler.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/auth/abstract/handler.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   module Auth
     # Rack::Auth::AbstractHandler implements common authentication functionality.
diff --git a/lib/rack/auth/abstract/request.rb b/lib/rack/auth/abstract/request.rb
index b738cc98a..23da4bf27 100644
--- a/lib/rack/auth/abstract/request.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/auth/abstract/request.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/request'
 
 module Rack
diff --git a/lib/rack/auth/basic.rb b/lib/rack/auth/basic.rb
index 9c5892141..dfe2ce963 100644
--- a/lib/rack/auth/basic.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/auth/basic.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/auth/abstract/handler'
 require 'rack/auth/abstract/request'
 
diff --git a/lib/rack/auth/digest/md5.rb b/lib/rack/auth/digest/md5.rb
index ddee35def..36afdd51a 100644
--- a/lib/rack/auth/digest/md5.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/auth/digest/md5.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/auth/abstract/handler'
 require 'rack/auth/digest/request'
 require 'rack/auth/digest/params'
diff --git a/lib/rack/auth/digest/nonce.rb b/lib/rack/auth/digest/nonce.rb
index 57089cb30..6c1f28a3a 100644
--- a/lib/rack/auth/digest/nonce.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/auth/digest/nonce.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'digest/md5'
 
 module Rack
diff --git a/lib/rack/auth/digest/params.rb b/lib/rack/auth/digest/params.rb
index 3ac615c8f..f611b3c35 100644
--- a/lib/rack/auth/digest/params.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/auth/digest/params.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   module Auth
     module Digest
diff --git a/lib/rack/auth/digest/request.rb b/lib/rack/auth/digest/request.rb
index 105c76747..a3ab47439 100644
--- a/lib/rack/auth/digest/request.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/auth/digest/request.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/auth/abstract/request'
 require 'rack/auth/digest/params'
 require 'rack/auth/digest/nonce'
diff --git a/lib/rack/body_proxy.rb b/lib/rack/body_proxy.rb
index 7fcfe3167..22c8cad4f 100644
--- a/lib/rack/body_proxy.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/body_proxy.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   class BodyProxy
     def initialize(body, &block)
diff --git a/lib/rack/builder.rb b/lib/rack/builder.rb
index 11f596bd8..fc36b3713 100644
--- a/lib/rack/builder.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/builder.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   # Rack::Builder implements a small DSL to iteratively construct Rack
   # applications.
diff --git a/lib/rack/cascade.rb b/lib/rack/cascade.rb
index 6b8f415ae..51064318e 100644
--- a/lib/rack/cascade.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/cascade.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   # Rack::Cascade tries a request on several apps, and returns the
   # first response that is not 404 or 405 (or in a list of configurable
diff --git a/lib/rack/chunked.rb b/lib/rack/chunked.rb
index 3076931c4..65114671b 100644
--- a/lib/rack/chunked.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/chunked.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/utils'
 
 module Rack
diff --git a/lib/rack/common_logger.rb b/lib/rack/common_logger.rb
index 7855f0c30..119d92fad 100644
--- a/lib/rack/common_logger.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/common_logger.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/body_proxy'
 
 module Rack
diff --git a/lib/rack/conditional_get.rb b/lib/rack/conditional_get.rb
index 441dd3823..e9d037cf2 100644
--- a/lib/rack/conditional_get.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/conditional_get.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/utils'
 
 module Rack
diff --git a/lib/rack/config.rb b/lib/rack/config.rb
index dc255d27e..41f6f7dd5 100644
--- a/lib/rack/config.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/config.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   # Rack::Config modifies the environment using the block given during
   # initialization.
diff --git a/lib/rack/content_length.rb b/lib/rack/content_length.rb
index 2df7dfc81..c72f96ad6 100644
--- a/lib/rack/content_length.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/content_length.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/utils'
 require 'rack/body_proxy'
 
diff --git a/lib/rack/content_type.rb b/lib/rack/content_type.rb
index 78ba43b71..56fa1274a 100644
--- a/lib/rack/content_type.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/content_type.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/utils'
 
 module Rack
diff --git a/lib/rack/deflater.rb b/lib/rack/deflater.rb
index d1fb73ab3..07282137b 100644
--- a/lib/rack/deflater.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/deflater.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "zlib"
 require "time"  # for Time.httpdate
 require 'rack/utils'
diff --git a/lib/rack/directory.rb b/lib/rack/directory.rb
index 89cfe807a..d64df8092 100644
--- a/lib/rack/directory.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/directory.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'time'
 require 'rack/utils'
 require 'rack/mime'
diff --git a/lib/rack/etag.rb b/lib/rack/etag.rb
index 5a8c6452a..cea0e8a25 100644
--- a/lib/rack/etag.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/etag.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack'
 require 'digest/sha2'
 
diff --git a/lib/rack/events.rb b/lib/rack/events.rb
index 3782a22eb..106d66776 100644
--- a/lib/rack/events.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/events.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/response'
 require 'rack/body_proxy'
 
diff --git a/lib/rack/file.rb b/lib/rack/file.rb
index 09eb0afb8..de0116ee5 100644
--- a/lib/rack/file.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/file.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'time'
 require 'rack/utils'
 require 'rack/mime'
diff --git a/lib/rack/handler.rb b/lib/rack/handler.rb
index 70a77fa97..0a59ab36d 100644
--- a/lib/rack/handler.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/handler.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   # *Handlers* connect web servers with Rack.
   #
diff --git a/lib/rack/handler/cgi.rb b/lib/rack/handler/cgi.rb
index 528076946..42dbddf99 100644
--- a/lib/rack/handler/cgi.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/handler/cgi.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/content_length'
 require 'rack/rewindable_input'
 
diff --git a/lib/rack/handler/fastcgi.rb b/lib/rack/handler/fastcgi.rb
index e918dc94b..977bfd93e 100644
--- a/lib/rack/handler/fastcgi.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/handler/fastcgi.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'fcgi'
 require 'socket'
 require 'rack/content_length'
diff --git a/lib/rack/handler/lsws.rb b/lib/rack/handler/lsws.rb
index d2cfd7935..e876a8484 100644
--- a/lib/rack/handler/lsws.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/handler/lsws.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'lsapi'
 require 'rack/content_length'
 require 'rack/rewindable_input'
diff --git a/lib/rack/handler/scgi.rb b/lib/rack/handler/scgi.rb
index beda9c3e3..6f22d6303 100644
--- a/lib/rack/handler/scgi.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/handler/scgi.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'scgi'
 require 'stringio'
 require 'rack/content_length'
diff --git a/lib/rack/handler/thin.rb b/lib/rack/handler/thin.rb
index ca8806463..2a33edc4a 100644
--- a/lib/rack/handler/thin.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/handler/thin.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "thin"
 require "thin/server"
 require "thin/logging"
diff --git a/lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb b/lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb
index d0fcd2136..92f066051 100644
--- a/lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'webrick'
 require 'stringio'
 require 'rack/content_length'
diff --git a/lib/rack/head.rb b/lib/rack/head.rb
index 6f1d74728..c257ae4d5 100644
--- a/lib/rack/head.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/head.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/body_proxy'
 
 module Rack
diff --git a/lib/rack/lint.rb b/lib/rack/lint.rb
index 683ba6841..66e88253f 100644
--- a/lib/rack/lint.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/lint.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/utils'
 require 'forwardable'
 
diff --git a/lib/rack/lobster.rb b/lib/rack/lobster.rb
index 4d6e39f2b..199bfebf6 100644
--- a/lib/rack/lobster.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/lobster.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'zlib'
 
 require 'rack/request'
diff --git a/lib/rack/lock.rb b/lib/rack/lock.rb
index b5a41e8e1..96366cd30 100644
--- a/lib/rack/lock.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/lock.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'thread'
 require 'rack/body_proxy'
 
diff --git a/lib/rack/logger.rb b/lib/rack/logger.rb
index 01fc321c7..6c4bede0c 100644
--- a/lib/rack/logger.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/logger.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'logger'
 
 module Rack
diff --git a/lib/rack/media_type.rb b/lib/rack/media_type.rb
index 7e6cd3a85..4782b6abd 100644
--- a/lib/rack/media_type.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/media_type.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   # Rack::MediaType parse media type and parameters out of content_type string
 
diff --git a/lib/rack/method_override.rb b/lib/rack/method_override.rb
index 06df21f7b..260ee470d 100644
--- a/lib/rack/method_override.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/method_override.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   class MethodOverride
     HTTP_METHODS = %w[GET HEAD PUT POST DELETE OPTIONS PATCH LINK UNLINK]
diff --git a/lib/rack/mime.rb b/lib/rack/mime.rb
index d82dc1319..3c0653f04 100644
--- a/lib/rack/mime.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/mime.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   module Mime
     # Returns String with mime type if found, otherwise use +fallback+.
diff --git a/lib/rack/mock.rb b/lib/rack/mock.rb
index 914bf3b53..a61269b69 100644
--- a/lib/rack/mock.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/mock.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'uri'
 require 'stringio'
 require 'rack'
diff --git a/lib/rack/multipart.rb b/lib/rack/multipart.rb
index db59ee59a..31ac29ebb 100644
--- a/lib/rack/multipart.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/multipart.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/multipart/parser'
 
 module Rack
diff --git a/lib/rack/multipart/generator.rb b/lib/rack/multipart/generator.rb
index f0b70a8d6..e086a0020 100644
--- a/lib/rack/multipart/generator.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/multipart/generator.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   module Multipart
     class Generator
diff --git a/lib/rack/multipart/parser.rb b/lib/rack/multipart/parser.rb
index 727d2deb8..427dcccc8 100644
--- a/lib/rack/multipart/parser.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/multipart/parser.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/utils'
 
 module Rack
diff --git a/lib/rack/multipart/uploaded_file.rb b/lib/rack/multipart/uploaded_file.rb
index 924b1f089..d01f2d6f3 100644
--- a/lib/rack/multipart/uploaded_file.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/multipart/uploaded_file.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   module Multipart
     class UploadedFile
diff --git a/lib/rack/null_logger.rb b/lib/rack/null_logger.rb
index abc612062..3eff73d68 100644
--- a/lib/rack/null_logger.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/null_logger.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   class NullLogger
     def initialize(app)
diff --git a/lib/rack/query_parser.rb b/lib/rack/query_parser.rb
index be74bc069..4364b9503 100644
--- a/lib/rack/query_parser.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/query_parser.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   class QueryParser
     DEFAULT_SEP = /[&;] */n
diff --git a/lib/rack/recursive.rb b/lib/rack/recursive.rb
index 7645d284a..6c5fc89c5 100644
--- a/lib/rack/recursive.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/recursive.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'uri'
 
 module Rack
diff --git a/lib/rack/reloader.rb b/lib/rack/reloader.rb
index 296dd6a1f..5d9617fab 100644
--- a/lib/rack/reloader.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/reloader.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #          Copyright (c) 2009 Michael Fellinger m.fellinger@gmail.com
 #       Rack::Reloader is subject to the terms of an MIT-style license.
 #      See COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
diff --git a/lib/rack/request.rb b/lib/rack/request.rb
index 119c1b816..9c8828d83 100644
--- a/lib/rack/request.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/request.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/utils'
 require 'rack/media_type'
 
diff --git a/lib/rack/response.rb b/lib/rack/response.rb
index a9f0c2a36..e201685a2 100644
--- a/lib/rack/response.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/response.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/request'
 require 'rack/utils'
 require 'rack/body_proxy'
diff --git a/lib/rack/rewindable_input.rb b/lib/rack/rewindable_input.rb
index f14b8f592..26dd9cb48 100644
--- a/lib/rack/rewindable_input.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/rewindable_input.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # -*- encoding: binary -*-
 require 'tempfile'
 require 'rack/utils'
diff --git a/lib/rack/runtime.rb b/lib/rack/runtime.rb
index bb15bdb1b..23da12c72 100644
--- a/lib/rack/runtime.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/runtime.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/utils'
 
 module Rack
diff --git a/lib/rack/sendfile.rb b/lib/rack/sendfile.rb
index bd0af9cb1..6390e1db2 100644
--- a/lib/rack/sendfile.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/sendfile.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/file'
 require 'rack/body_proxy'
 
diff --git a/lib/rack/server.rb b/lib/rack/server.rb
index ec0806961..4e2656943 100644
--- a/lib/rack/server.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/server.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'optparse'
 require 'fileutils'
 
diff --git a/lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb b/lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb
index 1bb8d5d06..edd2dfb74 100644
--- a/lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # AUTHOR: blink <blinketje@gmail.com>; blink#ruby-lang@irc.freenode.net
 # bugrep: Andreas Zehnder
 
diff --git a/lib/rack/session/cookie.rb b/lib/rack/session/cookie.rb
index 71bb96f4f..3ff585c61 100644
--- a/lib/rack/session/cookie.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/session/cookie.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'openssl'
 require 'zlib'
 require 'rack/request'
diff --git a/lib/rack/session/memcache.rb b/lib/rack/session/memcache.rb
index 4cf5ea09e..d6001709e 100644
--- a/lib/rack/session/memcache.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/session/memcache.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # AUTHOR: blink <blinketje@gmail.com>; blink#ruby-lang@irc.freenode.net
 
 require 'rack/session/abstract/id'
diff --git a/lib/rack/session/pool.rb b/lib/rack/session/pool.rb
index 4c9c25c7a..d3a134668 100644
--- a/lib/rack/session/pool.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/session/pool.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # AUTHOR: blink <blinketje@gmail.com>; blink#ruby-lang@irc.freenode.net
 # THANKS:
 #   apeiros, for session id generation, expiry setup, and threadiness
diff --git a/lib/rack/show_exceptions.rb b/lib/rack/show_exceptions.rb
index 6d7c52538..86554498e 100644
--- a/lib/rack/show_exceptions.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/show_exceptions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'ostruct'
 require 'erb'
 require 'rack/request'
diff --git a/lib/rack/show_status.rb b/lib/rack/show_status.rb
index 54db8f471..aea9aa180 100644
--- a/lib/rack/show_status.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/show_status.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'erb'
 require 'rack/request'
 require 'rack/utils'
diff --git a/lib/rack/static.rb b/lib/rack/static.rb
index 17f476494..f8024f71e 100644
--- a/lib/rack/static.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/static.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "rack/file"
 require "rack/utils"
 
diff --git a/lib/rack/tempfile_reaper.rb b/lib/rack/tempfile_reaper.rb
index d82998061..73b6c1c8d 100644
--- a/lib/rack/tempfile_reaper.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/tempfile_reaper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rack/body_proxy'
 
 module Rack
diff --git a/lib/rack/urlmap.rb b/lib/rack/urlmap.rb
index 58d8ed1b0..103e011dc 100644
--- a/lib/rack/urlmap.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/urlmap.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'set'
 
 module Rack
diff --git a/lib/rack/utils.rb b/lib/rack/utils.rb
index 98ceee8a2..e1008dc26 100644
--- a/lib/rack/utils.rb
+++ b/lib/rack/utils.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # -*- encoding: binary -*-
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 require 'uri'
diff --git a/test/builder/an_underscore_app.rb b/test/builder/an_underscore_app.rb
index 7ce1a0cc9..cbccfcfa6 100644
--- a/test/builder/an_underscore_app.rb
+++ b/test/builder/an_underscore_app.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AnUnderscoreApp
   def self.call(env)
     [200, {'Content-Type' => 'text/plain'}, ['OK']]
diff --git a/test/builder/anything.rb b/test/builder/anything.rb
index c07f82cda..452100b65 100644
--- a/test/builder/anything.rb
+++ b/test/builder/anything.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Anything
   def self.call(env)
     [200, {'Content-Type' => 'text/plain'}, ['OK']]
diff --git a/test/cgi/rackup_stub.rb b/test/cgi/rackup_stub.rb
index a216cdc39..36feb2ea2 100755
--- a/test/cgi/rackup_stub.rb
+++ b/test/cgi/rackup_stub.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # -*- ruby -*-
 
 $:.unshift '../../lib'
diff --git a/test/gemloader.rb b/test/gemloader.rb
index 22be69758..f38c80360 100644
--- a/test/gemloader.rb
+++ b/test/gemloader.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'rubygems'
 project = 'rack'
 gemspec = File.expand_path("#{project}.gemspec", Dir.pwd)
diff --git a/test/helper.rb b/test/helper.rb
index aa9c0e0af..9a26e6ac2 100644
--- a/test/helper.rb
+++ b/test/helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 
 module Rack
diff --git a/test/registering_handler/rack/handler/registering_myself.rb b/test/registering_handler/rack/handler/registering_myself.rb
index 4964953b8..21b605167 100644
--- a/test/registering_handler/rack/handler/registering_myself.rb
+++ b/test/registering_handler/rack/handler/registering_myself.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   module Handler
     class RegisteringMyself
diff --git a/test/spec_auth_basic.rb b/test/spec_auth_basic.rb
index 45d28576f..c26f473a2 100644
--- a/test/spec_auth_basic.rb
+++ b/test/spec_auth_basic.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/auth/basic'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_auth_digest.rb b/test/spec_auth_digest.rb
index 7230bb684..7a2e4c66e 100644
--- a/test/spec_auth_digest.rb
+++ b/test/spec_auth_digest.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/auth/digest/md5'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_body_proxy.rb b/test/spec_body_proxy.rb
index 4db447a0a..0b8b60d2a 100644
--- a/test/spec_body_proxy.rb
+++ b/test/spec_body_proxy.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/body_proxy'
 require 'stringio'
diff --git a/test/spec_builder.rb b/test/spec_builder.rb
index 32e18d5e2..40e602e88 100644
--- a/test/spec_builder.rb
+++ b/test/spec_builder.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/builder'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_cascade.rb b/test/spec_cascade.rb
index 180ce46eb..0188b53c7 100644
--- a/test/spec_cascade.rb
+++ b/test/spec_cascade.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack'
 require 'rack/cascade'
diff --git a/test/spec_cgi.rb b/test/spec_cgi.rb
index 77020c2f6..b20d08868 100644
--- a/test/spec_cgi.rb
+++ b/test/spec_cgi.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'helper'
 
 if defined? LIGHTTPD_PID
diff --git a/test/spec_chunked.rb b/test/spec_chunked.rb
index a56db8b7e..36eab95be 100644
--- a/test/spec_chunked.rb
+++ b/test/spec_chunked.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/chunked'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_common_logger.rb b/test/spec_common_logger.rb
index 3589576b8..90ff59865 100644
--- a/test/spec_common_logger.rb
+++ b/test/spec_common_logger.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/common_logger'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_conditional_get.rb b/test/spec_conditional_get.rb
index 58f37ad5e..c129b29e5 100644
--- a/test/spec_conditional_get.rb
+++ b/test/spec_conditional_get.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'time'
 require 'rack/conditional_get'
diff --git a/test/spec_config.rb b/test/spec_config.rb
index 16f0a6649..8c116b1b1 100644
--- a/test/spec_config.rb
+++ b/test/spec_config.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/builder'
 require 'rack/config'
diff --git a/test/spec_content_length.rb b/test/spec_content_length.rb
index 89752bbec..92728fbe6 100644
--- a/test/spec_content_length.rb
+++ b/test/spec_content_length.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/content_length'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_content_type.rb b/test/spec_content_type.rb
index daf75355d..d6567efdc 100644
--- a/test/spec_content_type.rb
+++ b/test/spec_content_type.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/content_type'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_deflater.rb b/test/spec_deflater.rb
index fc159ff1d..b4a526b3a 100644
--- a/test/spec_deflater.rb
+++ b/test/spec_deflater.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'stringio'
 require 'time'  # for Time#httpdate
@@ -402,7 +404,7 @@ def each
         'Content-Type' => 'text/plain'
       })
 
-      buf = ''
+      buf = ''.dup
       raw_bytes = 0
       inflater = auto_inflater
       body.each do |part|
diff --git a/test/spec_directory.rb b/test/spec_directory.rb
index 10584f377..a493ef720 100644
--- a/test/spec_directory.rb
+++ b/test/spec_directory.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/directory'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_etag.rb b/test/spec_etag.rb
index 74795759b..d79a77e4c 100644
--- a/test/spec_etag.rb
+++ b/test/spec_etag.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/etag'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_events.rb b/test/spec_events.rb
index 7fc7b055c..8c079361c 100644
--- a/test/spec_events.rb
+++ b/test/spec_events.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'helper'
 require 'rack/events'
 
diff --git a/test/spec_fastcgi.rb b/test/spec_fastcgi.rb
index 5a48327b1..eee69aeff 100644
--- a/test/spec_fastcgi.rb
+++ b/test/spec_fastcgi.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'helper'
 
 if defined? LIGHTTPD_PID
diff --git a/test/spec_file.rb b/test/spec_file.rb
index 4eeb3ca04..2736affba 100644
--- a/test/spec_file.rb
+++ b/test/spec_file.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/file'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_handler.rb b/test/spec_handler.rb
index dff474c98..c38cf4e98 100644
--- a/test/spec_handler.rb
+++ b/test/spec_handler.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/handler'
 
diff --git a/test/spec_head.rb b/test/spec_head.rb
index 17b4a3497..d3027b0ef 100644
--- a/test/spec_head.rb
+++ b/test/spec_head.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/head'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_lint.rb b/test/spec_lint.rb
index c7b195f96..c4f327120 100644
--- a/test/spec_lint.rb
+++ b/test/spec_lint.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'stringio'
 require 'tempfile'
diff --git a/test/spec_lobster.rb b/test/spec_lobster.rb
index fd4e70826..d4fcff475 100644
--- a/test/spec_lobster.rb
+++ b/test/spec_lobster.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/lobster'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_lock.rb b/test/spec_lock.rb
index c6f7c05ec..8b48db605 100644
--- a/test/spec_lock.rb
+++ b/test/spec_lock.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/lint'
 require 'rack/lock'
diff --git a/test/spec_logger.rb b/test/spec_logger.rb
index ea503e1d0..0d5b161c9 100644
--- a/test/spec_logger.rb
+++ b/test/spec_logger.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'stringio'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_media_type.rb b/test/spec_media_type.rb
index 1d9f0fc36..1491acaad 100644
--- a/test/spec_media_type.rb
+++ b/test/spec_media_type.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/media_type'
 
diff --git a/test/spec_method_override.rb b/test/spec_method_override.rb
index bb72af9f3..3159ca2d1 100644
--- a/test/spec_method_override.rb
+++ b/test/spec_method_override.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'stringio'
 require 'rack/method_override'
diff --git a/test/spec_mime.rb b/test/spec_mime.rb
index 569233b49..b9258eb64 100644
--- a/test/spec_mime.rb
+++ b/test/spec_mime.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/mime'
 
diff --git a/test/spec_mock.rb b/test/spec_mock.rb
index c79923215..10d098a35 100644
--- a/test/spec_mock.rb
+++ b/test/spec_mock.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'yaml'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_multipart.rb b/test/spec_multipart.rb
index 980600c92..914ffe8bb 100644
--- a/test/spec_multipart.rb
+++ b/test/spec_multipart.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # coding: utf-8
 
 require 'minitest/autorun'
diff --git a/test/spec_null_logger.rb b/test/spec_null_logger.rb
index 3002d97fc..eb89e3067 100644
--- a/test/spec_null_logger.rb
+++ b/test/spec_null_logger.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/lint'
 require 'rack/mock'
diff --git a/test/spec_recursive.rb b/test/spec_recursive.rb
index 4a60e6004..be1e97e6e 100644
--- a/test/spec_recursive.rb
+++ b/test/spec_recursive.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/lint'
 require 'rack/recursive'
diff --git a/test/spec_request.rb b/test/spec_request.rb
index 82343c0cc..ca51a9c38 100644
--- a/test/spec_request.rb
+++ b/test/spec_request.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'stringio'
 require 'cgi'
diff --git a/test/spec_response.rb b/test/spec_response.rb
index b24cfd16b..9bfe788d1 100644
--- a/test/spec_response.rb
+++ b/test/spec_response.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack'
 require 'rack/response'
diff --git a/test/spec_rewindable_input.rb b/test/spec_rewindable_input.rb
index 6090d64ca..932e9de37 100644
--- a/test/spec_rewindable_input.rb
+++ b/test/spec_rewindable_input.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'stringio'
 require 'rack/rewindable_input'
diff --git a/test/spec_runtime.rb b/test/spec_runtime.rb
index f7f52ad9a..a47c0e2b5 100644
--- a/test/spec_runtime.rb
+++ b/test/spec_runtime.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/lint'
 require 'rack/mock'
diff --git a/test/spec_sendfile.rb b/test/spec_sendfile.rb
index 1eb9413c0..1f9af7589 100644
--- a/test/spec_sendfile.rb
+++ b/test/spec_sendfile.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'fileutils'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_server.rb b/test/spec_server.rb
index 4864a87a4..2ce32269e 100644
--- a/test/spec_server.rb
+++ b/test/spec_server.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack'
 require 'rack/server'
diff --git a/test/spec_session_abstract_id.rb b/test/spec_session_abstract_id.rb
index a6568f198..5591f9ac0 100644
--- a/test/spec_session_abstract_id.rb
+++ b/test/spec_session_abstract_id.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 ### WARNING: there be hax in this file.
 
diff --git a/test/spec_session_abstract_session_hash.rb b/test/spec_session_abstract_session_hash.rb
index 76b34a01e..cb66b3730 100644
--- a/test/spec_session_abstract_session_hash.rb
+++ b/test/spec_session_abstract_session_hash.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/session/abstract/id'
 
diff --git a/test/spec_session_cookie.rb b/test/spec_session_cookie.rb
index 1c9f857af..1bdacd258 100644
--- a/test/spec_session_cookie.rb
+++ b/test/spec_session_cookie.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/session/cookie'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_session_memcache.rb b/test/spec_session_memcache.rb
index 93a03d120..253f9f246 100644
--- a/test/spec_session_memcache.rb
+++ b/test/spec_session_memcache.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 begin
   require 'rack/session/memcache'
diff --git a/test/spec_session_pool.rb b/test/spec_session_pool.rb
index 2d0616915..d6887a852 100644
--- a/test/spec_session_pool.rb
+++ b/test/spec_session_pool.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'thread'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_show_exceptions.rb b/test/spec_show_exceptions.rb
index cd44c8168..40d3b5867 100644
--- a/test/spec_show_exceptions.rb
+++ b/test/spec_show_exceptions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/show_exceptions'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_show_status.rb b/test/spec_show_status.rb
index d32dc7cb9..c8ce1b2bc 100644
--- a/test/spec_show_status.rb
+++ b/test/spec_show_status.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/show_status'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_static.rb b/test/spec_static.rb
index 634f8acf7..140dde62d 100644
--- a/test/spec_static.rb
+++ b/test/spec_static.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/static'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_tempfile_reaper.rb b/test/spec_tempfile_reaper.rb
index b7c625639..f6b79641c 100644
--- a/test/spec_tempfile_reaper.rb
+++ b/test/spec_tempfile_reaper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/tempfile_reaper'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/spec_thin.rb b/test/spec_thin.rb
index 85b225ed9..afc74b6a6 100644
--- a/test/spec_thin.rb
+++ b/test/spec_thin.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 begin
 require 'rack/handler/thin'
diff --git a/test/spec_urlmap.rb b/test/spec_urlmap.rb
index f88ee606d..d6fb8a47b 100644
--- a/test/spec_urlmap.rb
+++ b/test/spec_urlmap.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/urlmap'
 require 'rack/mock'
diff --git a/test/spec_utils.rb b/test/spec_utils.rb
index 143ad30a6..62ac1a232 100644
--- a/test/spec_utils.rb
+++ b/test/spec_utils.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/utils'
diff --git a/test/spec_version.rb b/test/spec_version.rb
index 6ab0a74ca..215803970 100644
--- a/test/spec_version.rb
+++ b/test/spec_version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack'
diff --git a/test/spec_webrick.rb b/test/spec_webrick.rb
index 855fa9eb5..3cd478d83 100644
--- a/test/spec_webrick.rb
+++ b/test/spec_webrick.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rack/mock'
 require 'thread'
diff --git a/test/testrequest.rb b/test/testrequest.rb
index cacd23d50..68790b281 100644
--- a/test/testrequest.rb
+++ b/test/testrequest.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'yaml'
 require 'net/http'
 require 'rack/lint'
diff --git a/test/unregistered_handler/rack/handler/unregistered.rb b/test/unregistered_handler/rack/handler/unregistered.rb
index 3ca5a72c5..e98468cc6 100644
--- a/test/unregistered_handler/rack/handler/unregistered.rb
+++ b/test/unregistered_handler/rack/handler/unregistered.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   module Handler
     # this class doesn't do anything, we're just seeing if we get it.
diff --git a/test/unregistered_handler/rack/handler/unregistered_long_one.rb b/test/unregistered_handler/rack/handler/unregistered_long_one.rb
index 2c2fae170..87c6c2543 100644
--- a/test/unregistered_handler/rack/handler/unregistered_long_one.rb
+++ b/test/unregistered_handler/rack/handler/unregistered_long_one.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Rack
   module Handler
     # this class doesn't do anything, we're just seeing if we get it.