test_main.py

import sys
from enum import Enum
from typing import Any, Callable, ClassVar, Dict, List, Mapping, Optional, Type
from uuid import UUID, uuid4

import pytest

from pydantic import BaseModel, Extra, Field, NoneBytes, NoneStr, Required, ValidationError, constr


def test_success():
    # same as below but defined here so class definition occurs inside the test
    class Model(BaseModel):
        a: float
        b: int = 10

    m = Model(a=10.2)
    assert m.a == 10.2
    assert m.b == 10


class UltraSimpleModel(BaseModel):
    a: float
    b: int = 10


def test_ultra_simple_missing():
    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        UltraSimpleModel()
    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [{'loc': ('a',), 'msg': 'field required', 'type': 'value_error.missing'}]


def test_ultra_simple_failed():
    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        UltraSimpleModel(a='x', b='x')
    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [
        {'loc': ('a',), 'msg': 'value is not a valid float', 'type': 'type_error.float'},
        {'loc': ('b',), 'msg': 'value is not a valid integer', 'type': 'type_error.integer'},
    ]


def test_ultra_simple_repr():
    m = UltraSimpleModel(a=10.2)
    assert str(m) == 'a=10.2 b=10'
    assert repr(m) == 'UltraSimpleModel(a=10.2, b=10)'
    assert repr(m.__fields__['a']) == "ModelField(name='a', type=float, required=True)"
    assert repr(m.__fields__['b']) == "ModelField(name='b', type=int, required=False, default=10)"
    assert dict(m) == {'a': 10.2, 'b': 10}
    assert m.dict() == {'a': 10.2, 'b': 10}
    assert m.json() == '{"a": 10.2, "b": 10}'
    with pytest.raises(DeprecationWarning, match=r'`model.to_string\(\)` method is deprecated'):
        assert m.to_string() == 'a=10.2 b=10'


def test_default_dict_repr():
    def myfunc():
        return 1

    class Model(BaseModel):
        a: int = Field(default_factory=myfunc)
        b = Field(default_factory=myfunc)

    m = Model()
    assert str(m) == 'a=1 b=1'
    assert repr(m) == 'Model(a=1, b=1)'
    assert (
        repr(m.__fields__['a']) == "ModelField(name='a', type=int, required=False, default_factory='<function myfunc>')"
    )
    assert (
        repr(m.__fields__['b']) == "ModelField(name='b', type=int, required=False, default_factory='<function myfunc>')"
    )
    assert dict(m) == {'a': 1, 'b': 1}
    assert m.dict() == {'a': 1, 'b': 1}
    assert m.json() == '{"a": 1, "b": 1}'


def test_comparing():
    m = UltraSimpleModel(a=10.2, b='100')
    assert m == {'a': 10.2, 'b': 100}
    assert m == UltraSimpleModel(a=10.2, b=100)


def test_nullable_strings_success():
    class NoneCheckModel(BaseModel):
        existing_str_value = 'foo'
        required_str_value: str = ...
        required_str_none_value: NoneStr = ...
        existing_bytes_value = b'foo'
        required_bytes_value: bytes = ...
        required_bytes_none_value: NoneBytes = ...

    m = NoneCheckModel(
        required_str_value='v1', required_str_none_value=None, required_bytes_value='v2', required_bytes_none_value=None
    )
    assert m.required_str_value == 'v1'
    assert m.required_str_none_value is None
    assert m.required_bytes_value == b'v2'
    assert m.required_bytes_none_value is None


def test_nullable_strings_fails():
    class NoneCheckModel(BaseModel):
        existing_str_value = 'foo'
        required_str_value: str = ...
        required_str_none_value: NoneStr = ...
        existing_bytes_value = b'foo'
        required_bytes_value: bytes = ...
        required_bytes_none_value: NoneBytes = ...

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        NoneCheckModel(
            required_str_value=None,
            required_str_none_value=None,
            required_bytes_value=None,
            required_bytes_none_value=None,
        )
    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [
        {'loc': ('required_str_value',), 'msg': 'none is not an allowed value', 'type': 'type_error.none.not_allowed'},
        {
            'loc': ('required_bytes_value',),
            'msg': 'none is not an allowed value',
            'type': 'type_error.none.not_allowed',
        },
    ]


class RecursiveModel(BaseModel):
    grape: bool = ...
    banana: UltraSimpleModel = ...


def test_recursion():
    m = RecursiveModel(grape=1, banana={'a': 1})
    assert m.grape is True
    assert m.banana.a == 1.0
    assert m.banana.b == 10
    assert repr(m) == 'RecursiveModel(grape=True, banana=UltraSimpleModel(a=1.0, b=10))'


def test_recursion_fails():
    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
        RecursiveModel(grape=1, banana=123)


def test_not_required():
    class Model(BaseModel):
        a: float = None

    assert Model(a=12.2).a == 12.2
    assert Model().a is None
    assert Model(a=None).a is None


def test_infer_type():
    class Model(BaseModel):
        a = False
        b = ''
        c = 0

    assert Model().a is False
    assert Model().b == ''
    assert Model().c == 0


def test_allow_extra():
    class Model(BaseModel):
        a: float = ...

        class Config:
            extra = Extra.allow

    assert Model(a='10.2', b=12).dict() == {'a': 10.2, 'b': 12}


def test_forbidden_extra_success():
    class ForbiddenExtra(BaseModel):
        foo = 'whatever'

        class Config:
            extra = Extra.forbid

    m = ForbiddenExtra()
    assert m.foo == 'whatever'

    m = ForbiddenExtra(foo=1)
    assert m.foo == '1'


def test_forbidden_extra_fails():
    class ForbiddenExtra(BaseModel):
        foo = 'whatever'

        class Config:
            extra = Extra.forbid

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        ForbiddenExtra(foo='ok', bar='wrong', spam='xx')
    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [
        {'loc': ('bar',), 'msg': 'extra fields not permitted', 'type': 'value_error.extra'},
        {'loc': ('spam',), 'msg': 'extra fields not permitted', 'type': 'value_error.extra'},
    ]


def test_disallow_mutation():
    class Model(BaseModel):
        a: float

    model = Model(a=0.2)
    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='"Model" object has no field "b"'):
        model.b = 2


def test_extra_allowed():
    class Model(BaseModel):
        a: float

        class Config:
            extra = Extra.allow

    model = Model(a=0.2, b=0.1)
    assert model.b == 0.1

    assert not hasattr(model, 'c')
    model.c = 1
    assert hasattr(model, 'c')
    assert model.c == 1


def test_extra_ignored():
    class Model(BaseModel):
        a: float

        class Config:
            extra = Extra.ignore

    model = Model(a=0.2, b=0.1)
    assert not hasattr(model, 'b')

    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='"Model" object has no field "c"'):
        model.c = 1


def test_set_attr():
    m = UltraSimpleModel(a=10.2)
    assert m.dict() == {'a': 10.2, 'b': 10}

    m.b = 20
    assert m.dict() == {'a': 10.2, 'b': 20}


def test_set_attr_invalid():
    class UltraSimpleModel(BaseModel):
        a: float = ...
        b: int = 10

    m = UltraSimpleModel(a=10.2)
    assert m.dict() == {'a': 10.2, 'b': 10}

    with pytest.raises(ValueError) as exc_info:
        m.c = 20
    assert '"UltraSimpleModel" object has no field "c"' in exc_info.value.args[0]


def test_any():
    class AnyModel(BaseModel):
        a: Any = 10

    assert AnyModel().a == 10
    assert AnyModel(a='foobar').a == 'foobar'


def test_alias():
    class SubModel(BaseModel):
        c = 'barfoo'

        class Config:
            fields = {'c': {'alias': '_c'}}

    class Model(BaseModel):
        a = 'foobar'
        b: SubModel = SubModel()

        class Config:
            fields = {'a': {'alias': '_a'}}

    assert Model().a == 'foobar'
    assert Model().b.c == 'barfoo'
    assert Model().dict() == {'a': 'foobar', 'b': {'c': 'barfoo'}}
    assert Model(_a='different').a == 'different'
    assert Model(b={'_c': 'different'}).b.c == 'different'
    assert Model(_a='different', b={'_c': 'different'}).dict() == {'a': 'different', 'b': {'c': 'different'}}
    assert Model(_a='different', b={'_c': 'different'}).dict(by_alias=True) == {
        '_a': 'different',
        'b': {'_c': 'different'},
    }


def test_population_by_field_name():
    class Model(BaseModel):
        a: str

        class Config:
            allow_population_by_field_name = True
            fields = {'a': {'alias': '_a'}}

    assert Model(a='different').a == 'different'
    assert Model(a='different').dict() == {'a': 'different'}
    assert Model(a='different').dict(by_alias=True) == {'_a': 'different'}


def test_field_order():
    class Model(BaseModel):
        c: float
        b: int = 10
        a: str
        d: dict = {}

    assert list(Model.__fields__.keys()) == ['c', 'b', 'a', 'd']


def test_required():
    # same as below but defined here so class definition occurs inside the test
    class Model(BaseModel):
        a: float = Required
        b: int = 10

    m = Model(a=10.2)
    assert m.dict() == dict(a=10.2, b=10)

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        Model()
    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [{'loc': ('a',), 'msg': 'field required', 'type': 'value_error.missing'}]


def test_not_immutability():
    class TestModel(BaseModel):
        a: int = 10

        class Config:
            allow_mutation = True
            extra = Extra.forbid

    m = TestModel()
    assert m.a == 10
    m.a = 11
    assert m.a == 11
    with pytest.raises(ValueError) as exc_info:
        m.b = 11
    assert '"TestModel" object has no field "b"' in exc_info.value.args[0]


def test_immutability():
    class TestModel(BaseModel):
        a: int = 10

        class Config:
            allow_mutation = False
            extra = Extra.forbid

    m = TestModel()
    assert m.a == 10
    with pytest.raises(TypeError) as exc_info:
        m.a = 11
    assert '"TestModel" is immutable and does not support item assignment' in exc_info.value.args[0]
    with pytest.raises(ValueError) as exc_info:
        m.b = 11
    assert '"TestModel" object has no field "b"' in exc_info.value.args[0]


def test_const_validates():
    class Model(BaseModel):
        a: int = Field(3, const=True)

    m = Model(a=3)
    assert m.a == 3


def test_const_uses_default():
    class Model(BaseModel):
        a: int = Field(3, const=True)

    m = Model()
    assert m.a == 3


def test_const_validates_after_type_validators():
    # issue #1410
    class Model(BaseModel):
        a: int = Field(3, const=True)

    m = Model(a='3')
    assert m.a == 3


def test_const_with_wrong_value():
    class Model(BaseModel):
        a: int = Field(3, const=True)

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        Model(a=4)

    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [
        {
            'loc': ('a',),
            'msg': 'unexpected value; permitted: 3',
            'type': 'value_error.const',
            'ctx': {'given': 4, 'permitted': [3]},
        }
    ]


def test_const_list():
    class SubModel(BaseModel):
        b: int

    class Model(BaseModel):
        a: List[SubModel] = Field([SubModel(b=1), SubModel(b=2), SubModel(b=3)], const=True)
        b: List[SubModel] = Field([{'b': 4}, {'b': 5}, {'b': 6}], const=True)

    m = Model()
    assert m.a == [SubModel(b=1), SubModel(b=2), SubModel(b=3)]
    assert m.b == [SubModel(b=4), SubModel(b=5), SubModel(b=6)]
    assert m.schema() == {
        'definitions': {
            'SubModel': {
                'properties': {'b': {'title': 'B', 'type': 'integer'}},
                'required': ['b'],
                'title': 'SubModel',
                'type': 'object',
            }
        },
        'properties': {
            'a': {
                'const': [SubModel(b=1), SubModel(b=2), SubModel(b=3)],
                'items': {'$ref': '#/definitions/SubModel'},
                'title': 'A',
                'type': 'array',
            },
            'b': {
                'const': [{'b': 4}, {'b': 5}, {'b': 6}],
                'items': {'$ref': '#/definitions/SubModel'},
                'title': 'B',
                'type': 'array',
            },
        },
        'title': 'Model',
        'type': 'object',
    }


def test_const_list_with_wrong_value():
    class SubModel(BaseModel):
        b: int

    class Model(BaseModel):
        a: List[SubModel] = Field([SubModel(b=1), SubModel(b=2), SubModel(b=3)], const=True)
        b: List[SubModel] = Field([{'b': 4}, {'b': 5}, {'b': 6}], const=True)

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        Model(a=[{'b': 3}, {'b': 1}, {'b': 2}], b=[{'b': 6}, {'b': 5}])

    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [
        {
            'ctx': {
                'given': [{'b': 3}, {'b': 1}, {'b': 2}],
                'permitted': [[SubModel(b=1), SubModel(b=2), SubModel(b=3)]],
            },
            'loc': ('a',),
            'msg': 'unexpected value; permitted: [SubModel(b=1), SubModel(b=2), SubModel(b=3)]',
            'type': 'value_error.const',
        },
        {
            'ctx': {'given': [{'b': 6}, {'b': 5}], 'permitted': [[{'b': 4}, {'b': 5}, {'b': 6}]]},
            'loc': ('b',),
            'msg': "unexpected value; permitted: [{'b': 4}, {'b': 5}, {'b': 6}]",
            'type': 'value_error.const',
        },
    ]
    assert exc_info.value.json().startswith('[')

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        Model(a=[SubModel(b=3), SubModel(b=1), SubModel(b=2)], b=[SubModel(b=3), SubModel(b=1)])

    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [
        {
            'ctx': {
                'given': [SubModel(b=3), SubModel(b=1), SubModel(b=2)],
                'permitted': [[SubModel(b=1), SubModel(b=2), SubModel(b=3)]],
            },
            'loc': ('a',),
            'msg': 'unexpected value; permitted: [SubModel(b=1), SubModel(b=2), SubModel(b=3)]',
            'type': 'value_error.const',
        },
        {
            'ctx': {'given': [SubModel(b=3), SubModel(b=1)], 'permitted': [[{'b': 4}, {'b': 5}, {'b': 6}]]},
            'loc': ('b',),
            'msg': "unexpected value; permitted: [{'b': 4}, {'b': 5}, {'b': 6}]",
            'type': 'value_error.const',
        },
    ]
    assert exc_info.value.json().startswith('[')


def test_const_validation_json_serializable():
    class SubForm(BaseModel):
        field: int

    class Form(BaseModel):
        field1: SubForm = Field({'field': 2}, const=True)
        field2: List[SubForm] = Field([{'field': 2}], const=True)

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        # Fails
        Form(field1={'field': 1}, field2=[{'field': 1}])

    # This should not raise an Json error
    exc_info.value.json()


class ValidateAssignmentModel(BaseModel):
    a: int = 2
    b: constr(min_length=1)

    class Config:
        validate_assignment = True


def test_validating_assignment_pass():
    p = ValidateAssignmentModel(a=5, b='hello')
    p.a = 2
    assert p.a == 2
    assert p.dict() == {'a': 2, 'b': 'hello'}
    p.b = 'hi'
    assert p.b == 'hi'
    assert p.dict() == {'a': 2, 'b': 'hi'}


def test_validating_assignment_fail():
    p = ValidateAssignmentModel(a=5, b='hello')

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        p.a = 'b'
    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [
        {'loc': ('a',), 'msg': 'value is not a valid integer', 'type': 'type_error.integer'}
    ]

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        p.b = ''
    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [
        {
            'loc': ('b',),
            'msg': 'ensure this value has at least 1 characters',
            'type': 'value_error.any_str.min_length',
            'ctx': {'limit_value': 1},
        }
    ]


def test_enum_values():
    FooEnum = Enum('FooEnum', {'foo': 'foo', 'bar': 'bar'})

    class Model(BaseModel):
        foo: FooEnum = None

        class Config:
            use_enum_values = True

    m = Model(foo='foo')
    # this is the actual value, so has not "values" field
    assert not isinstance(m.foo, FooEnum)
    assert m.foo == 'foo'


def test_enum_raw():
    FooEnum = Enum('FooEnum', {'foo': 'foo', 'bar': 'bar'})

    class Model(BaseModel):
        foo: FooEnum = None

    m = Model(foo='foo')
    assert isinstance(m.foo, FooEnum)
    assert m.foo != 'foo'
    assert m.foo.value == 'foo'


def test_set_tuple_values():
    class Model(BaseModel):
        foo: set
        bar: tuple

    m = Model(foo=['a', 'b'], bar=['c', 'd'])
    assert m.foo == {'a', 'b'}
    assert m.bar == ('c', 'd')
    assert m.dict() == {'foo': {'a', 'b'}, 'bar': ('c', 'd')}


def test_default_copy():
    class User(BaseModel):
        friends: List[int] = []

    u1 = User()
    u2 = User()
    assert u1.friends is not u2.friends


class ArbitraryType:
    pass


def test_arbitrary_type_allowed_validation_success():
    class ArbitraryTypeAllowedModel(BaseModel):
        t: ArbitraryType

        class Config:
            arbitrary_types_allowed = True

    arbitrary_type_instance = ArbitraryType()
    m = ArbitraryTypeAllowedModel(t=arbitrary_type_instance)
    assert m.t == arbitrary_type_instance


def test_arbitrary_type_allowed_validation_fails():
    class ArbitraryTypeAllowedModel(BaseModel):
        t: ArbitraryType

        class Config:
            arbitrary_types_allowed = True

    class C:
        pass

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        ArbitraryTypeAllowedModel(t=C())
    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [
        {
            'loc': ('t',),
            'msg': 'instance of ArbitraryType expected',
            'type': 'type_error.arbitrary_type',
            'ctx': {'expected_arbitrary_type': 'ArbitraryType'},
        }
    ]


def test_arbitrary_types_not_allowed():
    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) as exc_info:

        class ArbitraryTypeNotAllowedModel(BaseModel):
            t: ArbitraryType

    assert exc_info.value.args[0].startswith('no validator found for')


def test_type_type_validation_success():
    class ArbitraryClassAllowedModel(BaseModel):
        t: Type[ArbitraryType]

    arbitrary_type_class = ArbitraryType
    m = ArbitraryClassAllowedModel(t=arbitrary_type_class)
    assert m.t == arbitrary_type_class


def test_type_type_subclass_validation_success():
    class ArbitraryClassAllowedModel(BaseModel):
        t: Type[ArbitraryType]

    class ArbitrarySubType(ArbitraryType):
        pass

    arbitrary_type_class = ArbitrarySubType
    m = ArbitraryClassAllowedModel(t=arbitrary_type_class)
    assert m.t == arbitrary_type_class


def test_type_type_validation_fails_for_instance():
    class ArbitraryClassAllowedModel(BaseModel):
        t: Type[ArbitraryType]

    class C:
        pass

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        ArbitraryClassAllowedModel(t=C)
    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [
        {
            'loc': ('t',),
            'msg': 'subclass of ArbitraryType expected',
            'type': 'type_error.subclass',
            'ctx': {'expected_class': 'ArbitraryType'},
        }
    ]


def test_type_type_validation_fails_for_basic_type():
    class ArbitraryClassAllowedModel(BaseModel):
        t: Type[ArbitraryType]

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        ArbitraryClassAllowedModel(t=1)
    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [
        {
            'loc': ('t',),
            'msg': 'subclass of ArbitraryType expected',
            'type': 'type_error.subclass',
            'ctx': {'expected_class': 'ArbitraryType'},
        }
    ]


def test_bare_type_type_validation_success():
    class ArbitraryClassAllowedModel(BaseModel):
        t: Type

    arbitrary_type_class = ArbitraryType
    m = ArbitraryClassAllowedModel(t=arbitrary_type_class)
    assert m.t == arbitrary_type_class


def test_bare_type_type_validation_fails():
    class ArbitraryClassAllowedModel(BaseModel):
        t: Type

    arbitrary_type = ArbitraryType()
    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        ArbitraryClassAllowedModel(t=arbitrary_type)
    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [{'loc': ('t',), 'msg': 'a class is expected', 'type': 'type_error.class'}]


def test_annotation_field_name_shadows_attribute():
    with pytest.raises(NameError):
        # When defining a model that has an attribute with the name of a built-in attribute, an exception is raised
        class BadModel(BaseModel):
            schema: str  # This conflicts with the BaseModel's schema() class method


def test_value_field_name_shadows_attribute():
    # When defining a model that has an attribute with the name of a built-in attribute, an exception is raised
    with pytest.raises(NameError):

        class BadModel(BaseModel):
            schema = 'abc'  # This conflicts with the BaseModel's schema() class method


def test_class_var():
    class MyModel(BaseModel):
        a: ClassVar
        b: ClassVar[int] = 1
        c: int = 2

    assert list(MyModel.__fields__.keys()) == ['c']


def test_fields_set():
    class MyModel(BaseModel):
        a: int
        b: int = 2

    m = MyModel(a=5)
    assert m.__fields_set__ == {'a'}

    m.b = 2
    assert m.__fields_set__ == {'a', 'b'}

    m = MyModel(a=5, b=2)
    assert m.__fields_set__ == {'a', 'b'}


def test_exclude_unset_dict():
    class MyModel(BaseModel):
        a: int
        b: int = 2

    m = MyModel(a=5)
    assert m.dict(exclude_unset=True) == {'a': 5}

    m = MyModel(a=5, b=3)
    assert m.dict(exclude_unset=True) == {'a': 5, 'b': 3}


def test_exclude_unset_recursive():
    class ModelA(BaseModel):
        a: int
        b: int = 1

    class ModelB(BaseModel):
        c: int
        d: int = 2
        e: ModelA

    m = ModelB(c=5, e={'a': 0})
    assert m.dict() == {'c': 5, 'd': 2, 'e': {'a': 0, 'b': 1}}
    assert m.dict(exclude_unset=True) == {'c': 5, 'e': {'a': 0}}
    assert dict(m) == {'c': 5, 'd': 2, 'e': {'a': 0, 'b': 1}}


def test_dict_exclude_unset_populated_by_alias():
    class MyModel(BaseModel):
        a: str = Field('default', alias='alias_a')
        b: str = Field('default', alias='alias_b')

        class Config:
            allow_population_by_field_name = True

    m = MyModel(alias_a='a')

    assert m.dict(exclude_unset=True) == {'a': 'a'}
    assert m.dict(exclude_unset=True, by_alias=True) == {'alias_a': 'a'}


def test_dict_exclude_unset_populated_by_alias_with_extra():
    class MyModel(BaseModel):
        a: str = Field('default', alias='alias_a')
        b: str = Field('default', alias='alias_b')

        class Config:
            extra = 'allow'

    m = MyModel(alias_a='a', c='c')

    assert m.dict(exclude_unset=True) == {'a': 'a', 'c': 'c'}
    assert m.dict(exclude_unset=True, by_alias=True) == {'alias_a': 'a', 'c': 'c'}


def test_dir_fields():
    class MyModel(BaseModel):
        attribute_a: int
        attribute_b: int = 2

    m = MyModel(attribute_a=5)

    assert 'dict' in dir(m)
    assert 'json' in dir(m)
    assert 'attribute_a' in dir(m)
    assert 'attribute_b' in dir(m)


def test_dict_with_extra_keys():
    class MyModel(BaseModel):
        a: str = Field(None, alias='alias_a')

        class Config:
            extra = Extra.allow

    m = MyModel(extra_key='extra')
    assert m.dict() == {'a': None, 'extra_key': 'extra'}
    assert m.dict(by_alias=True) == {'alias_a': None, 'extra_key': 'extra'}


def test_root():
    class MyModel(BaseModel):
        __root__: str

    m = MyModel(__root__='a')
    assert m.dict() == {'__root__': 'a'}
    assert m.__root__ == 'a'


def test_root_list():
    class MyModel(BaseModel):
        __root__: List[str]

    m = MyModel(__root__=['a'])
    assert m.dict() == {'__root__': ['a']}
    assert m.__root__ == ['a']


def test_root_failed():
    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='__root__ cannot be mixed with other fields'):

        class MyModel(BaseModel):
            __root__: str
            a: str


def test_root_undefined_failed():
    class MyModel(BaseModel):
        a: List[str]

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        MyModel(__root__=['a'])
        assert exc_info.value.errors() == [{'loc': ('a',), 'msg': 'field required', 'type': 'value_error.missing'}]


def test_parse_root_as_mapping():
    class MyModel(BaseModel):
        __root__: Mapping[str, str]

    assert MyModel.parse_obj({1: 2}).__root__ == {'1': '2'}

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        MyModel.parse_obj({'__root__': {'1': '2'}})
    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [
        {'loc': ('__root__', '__root__'), 'msg': 'str type expected', 'type': 'type_error.str'}
    ]


def test_parse_obj_non_mapping_root():
    class MyModel(BaseModel):
        __root__: List[str]

    assert MyModel.parse_obj(['a']).__root__ == ['a']
    assert MyModel.parse_obj({'__root__': ['a']}).__root__ == ['a']
    with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
        MyModel.parse_obj({'__not_root__': ['a']})
    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [
        {'loc': ('__root__',), 'msg': 'value is not a valid list', 'type': 'type_error.list'}
    ]
    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
        MyModel.parse_obj({'__root__': ['a'], 'other': 1})
    assert exc_info.value.errors() == [
        {'loc': ('__root__',), 'msg': 'value is not a valid list', 'type': 'type_error.list'}
    ]


def test_untouched_types():
    from pydantic import BaseModel

    class _ClassPropertyDescriptor:
        def __init__(self, getter):
            self.getter = getter

        def __get__(self, instance, owner):
            return self.getter(owner)

    classproperty = _ClassPropertyDescriptor

    class Model(BaseModel):
        class Config:
            keep_untouched = (classproperty,)

        @classproperty
        def class_name(cls) -> str:
            return cls.__name__

    assert Model.class_name == 'Model'
    assert Model().class_name == 'Model'


def test_custom_types_fail_without_keep_untouched():
    from pydantic import BaseModel

    class _ClassPropertyDescriptor:
        def __init__(self, getter):
            self.getter = getter

        def __get__(self, instance, owner):
            return self.getter(owner)

    classproperty = _ClassPropertyDescriptor

    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) as e:

        class Model(BaseModel):
            @classproperty
            def class_name(cls) -> str:
                return cls.__name__

        Model.class_name

    assert str(e.value) == (
        "no validator found for <class 'tests.test_main.test_custom_types_fail_without_keep_untouched.<locals>."
        "_ClassPropertyDescriptor'>, see `arbitrary_types_allowed` in Config"
    )

    class Model(BaseModel):
        class Config:
            arbitrary_types_allowed = True

        @classproperty
        def class_name(cls) -> str:
            return cls.__name__

    with pytest.raises(AttributeError) as e:
        Model.class_name
    assert str(e.value) == "type object 'Model' has no attribute 'class_name'"


def test_model_iteration():
    class Foo(BaseModel):
        a: int = 1
        b: int = 2

    class Bar(BaseModel):
        c: int
        d: Foo

    m = Bar(c=3, d={})
    assert m.dict() == {'c': 3, 'd': {'a': 1, 'b': 2}}
    assert list(m) == [('c', 3), ('d', Foo())]
    assert dict(m) == {'c': 3, 'd': Foo()}


def test_model_export_nested_list():
    class Foo(BaseModel):
        a: int = 1
        b: int = 2

    class Bar(BaseModel):
        c: int
        foos: List[Foo]

    m = Bar(c=3, foos=[Foo(a=1, b=2), Foo(a=3, b=4)])

    assert m.dict(exclude={'foos': {0: {'a'}, 1: {'a'}}}) == {'c': 3, 'foos': [{'b': 2}, {'b': 4}]}

    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match='expected integer keys'):
        m.dict(exclude={'foos': {'a'}})

    assert m.dict(exclude={'foos': {0: {'b'}, '__all__': {'a'}}}) == {'c': 3, 'foos': [{}, {'b': 4}]}
    assert m.dict(exclude={'foos': {'__all__': {'a'}}}) == {'c': 3, 'foos': [{'b': 2}, {'b': 4}]}
    assert m.dict(exclude={'foos': {'__all__'}}) == {'c': 3, 'foos': []}

    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='set with keyword "__all__" must not contain other elements'):
        m.dict(exclude={'foos': {'a', '__all__'}})


def test_model_export_dict_exclusion():
    class Foo(BaseModel):
        a: int = 1
        bars: List[Dict[str, int]]

    m = Foo(a=1, bars=[{'w': 0, 'x': 1}, {'y': 2}, {'w': -1, 'z': 3}])

    excludes = {'bars': {0}}
    assert m.dict(exclude=excludes) == {'a': 1, 'bars': [{'y': 2}, {'w': -1, 'z': 3}]}
    assert excludes == {'bars': {0}}
    excludes = {'bars': {'__all__'}}
    assert m.dict(exclude=excludes) == {'a': 1, 'bars': []}
    assert excludes == {'bars': {'__all__'}}
    excludes = {'bars': {'__all__': {'w'}}}
    assert m.dict(exclude=excludes) == {'a': 1, 'bars': [{'x': 1}, {'y': 2}, {'z': 3}]}
    assert excludes == {'bars': {'__all__': {'w'}}}


def test_custom_init_subclass_params():
    class DerivedModel(BaseModel):
        def __init_subclass__(cls, something):
            cls.something = something

    # if this raises a TypeError, then there is a regression of issue 867:
    # pydantic.main.MetaModel.__new__ should include **kwargs at the end of the
    # method definition and pass them on to the super call at the end in order
    # to allow the special method __init_subclass__ to be defined with custom
    # parameters on extended BaseModel classes.
    class NewModel(DerivedModel, something=2):
        something = 1

    assert NewModel.something == 2


def test_update_forward_refs_does_not_modify_module_dict():
    class MyModel(BaseModel):
        field: Optional['MyModel']

    MyModel.update_forward_refs()

    assert 'MyModel' not in sys.modules[MyModel.__module__].__dict__


def test_two_defaults():
    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='^cannot specify both default and default_factory$'):

        class Model(BaseModel):
            a: int = Field(default=3, default_factory=lambda: 3)


def test_default_factory():
    class ValueModel(BaseModel):
        uid: UUID = uuid4()

    m1 = ValueModel()
    m2 = ValueModel()
    assert m1.uid == m2.uid

    class DynamicValueModel(BaseModel):
        uid: UUID = Field(default_factory=uuid4)

    m1 = DynamicValueModel()
    m2 = DynamicValueModel()
    assert isinstance(m1.uid, UUID)
    assert m1.uid != m2.uid

    # With a callable: we still should be able to set callables as defaults
    class FunctionModel(BaseModel):
        a: int = 1
        uid: Callable[[], UUID] = Field(uuid4)

    m = FunctionModel()
    assert m.uid is uuid4

    # Returning a singleton from a default_factory is supported
    class MySingleton:
        pass

    MY_SINGLETON = MySingleton()

    class SingletonFieldModel(BaseModel):
        singleton: MySingleton = Field(default_factory=lambda: MY_SINGLETON)

        class Config:
            arbitrary_types_allowed = True

    assert SingletonFieldModel().singleton is SingletonFieldModel().singleton


@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 7), reason='field constraints are set but not enforced with python 3.6')
def test_none_min_max_items():
    # None default
    class Foo(BaseModel):
        foo: List = Field(None)
        bar: List = Field(None, min_items=0)
        baz: List = Field(None, max_items=10)

    f1 = Foo()
    f2 = Foo(bar=None)
    f3 = Foo(baz=None)
    f4 = Foo(bar=None, baz=None)
    for f in (f1, f2, f3, f4):
        assert f.foo is None
        assert f.bar is None
        assert f.baz is None


def test_reuse_same_field():
    required_field = Field(...)

    class Model1(BaseModel):
        required: str = required_field

    class Model2(BaseModel):
        required: str = required_field

    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
        Model1.parse_obj({})
    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
        Model2.parse_obj({})