diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 6449fe86b..4dfd2ef51 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@ build
 dist/*
 __pycache__/
 
+# in-project virtual environments
+venv/
+.venv/
+
 #
 .mutmut-cache
 mutmut-results.*
diff --git a/PyPDF2/_protocols.py b/PyPDF2/_protocols.py
index b83db961b..89c80f9a5 100644
--- a/PyPDF2/_protocols.py
+++ b/PyPDF2/_protocols.py
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 """Helpers for working with PDF types."""
 
-from io import BufferedReader, BufferedWriter, BytesIO, FileIO
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+from typing import IO, Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
 
 try:
     # Python 3.8+: https://peps.python.org/pep-0586
@@ -59,7 +58,5 @@ class PdfWriterProtocol(Protocol):  # pragma: no cover
     def get_object(self, indirect_reference: Any) -> Optional[PdfObjectProtocol]:
         ...
 
-    def write(
-        self, stream: Union[Path, StrByteType]
-    ) -> Tuple[bool, Union[FileIO, BytesIO, BufferedReader, BufferedWriter]]:
+    def write(self, stream: Union[Path, StrByteType]) -> Tuple[bool, IO]:
         ...
diff --git a/PyPDF2/_utils.py b/PyPDF2/_utils.py
index 2dd91e533..947233919 100644
--- a/PyPDF2/_utils.py
+++ b/PyPDF2/_utils.py
@@ -34,15 +34,10 @@
 import warnings
 from codecs import getencoder
 from dataclasses import dataclass
-from io import (
-    DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE,
-    BufferedReader,
-    BufferedWriter,
-    BytesIO,
-    FileIO,
-)
+from io import DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE
 from os import SEEK_CUR
 from typing import (
+    IO,
     Any,
     Callable,
     Dict,
@@ -68,7 +63,7 @@
     float, float, float, float, float, float
 ]
 
-StreamType = Union[BytesIO, BufferedReader, BufferedWriter, FileIO]
+StreamType = IO
 StrByteType = Union[str, StreamType]
 
 DEPR_MSG_NO_REPLACEMENT = "{} is deprecated and will be removed in PyPDF2 {}."
diff --git a/PyPDF2/_writer.py b/PyPDF2/_writer.py
index db5e394ac..dcb5ffee0 100644
--- a/PyPDF2/_writer.py
+++ b/PyPDF2/_writer.py
@@ -38,10 +38,11 @@
 import uuid
 import warnings
 from hashlib import md5
-from io import BufferedReader, BufferedWriter, BytesIO, FileIO, IOBase
+from io import BytesIO, FileIO, IOBase
 from pathlib import Path
 from types import TracebackType
 from typing import (
+    IO,
     Any,
     Callable,
     Deque,
@@ -962,9 +963,7 @@ def write_stream(self, stream: StreamType) -> None:
         self._write_trailer(stream)
         stream.write(b_(f"\nstartxref\n{xref_location}\n%%EOF\n"))  # eof
 
-    def write(
-        self, stream: Union[Path, StrByteType]
-    ) -> Tuple[bool, Union[FileIO, BytesIO, BufferedReader, BufferedWriter]]:
+    def write(self, stream: Union[Path, StrByteType]) -> Tuple[bool, IO]:
         """
         Write the collection of pages added to this object out as a PDF file.
 
@@ -1289,7 +1288,7 @@ def add_outline_item_destination(
         page_destination: Union[None, PageObject, TreeObject] = None,
         parent: Union[None, TreeObject, IndirectObject] = None,
         before: Union[None, TreeObject, IndirectObject] = None,
-        dest: Union[None, PageObject, TreeObject] = None,   # deprecated
+        dest: Union[None, PageObject, TreeObject] = None,  # deprecated
     ) -> IndirectObject:
         if page_destination is not None and dest is not None:  # deprecated
             raise ValueError(
@@ -2483,7 +2482,9 @@ def _add_articles_thread(
                 pag_obj = cast("PageObject", pag.get_object())
                 if "/B" not in pag_obj:
                     pag_obj[NameObject("/B")] = ArrayObject()
-                cast("ArrayObject", pag_obj["/B"]).append(new_article.indirect_reference)
+                cast("ArrayObject", pag_obj["/B"]).append(
+                    new_article.indirect_reference
+                )
             current_article = cast("DictionaryObject", current_article["/N"])
             if current_article == first_article:
                 new_article[NameObject("/N")] = new_first.indirect_reference  # type: ignore
@@ -2674,7 +2675,10 @@ def find_outline_item(
 
         i = 0
         while o is not None:
-            if o.indirect_reference == outline_item or o.get("/Title", None) == outline_item:
+            if (
+                o.indirect_reference == outline_item
+                or o.get("/Title", None) == outline_item
+            ):
                 return [i]
             else:
                 if "/First" in o:
diff --git a/requirements/dev.in b/requirements/dev.in
index 374d81236..6229bd533 100644
--- a/requirements/dev.in
+++ b/requirements/dev.in
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 black
+pillow
 pip-tools
 pre-commit<2.18.0
 pytest-cov
diff --git a/requirements/dev.txt b/requirements/dev.txt
index 82b8d6fdd..0062323bc 100644
--- a/requirements/dev.txt
+++ b/requirements/dev.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #
-# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with python 3.7
-# To update, run:
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.8
+# by the following command:
 #
 #    pip-compile requirements/dev.in
 #
@@ -38,13 +38,6 @@ identify==2.5.9
     # via pre-commit
 idna==3.4
     # via requests
-importlib-metadata==5.1.0
-    # via
-    #   build
-    #   click
-    #   pre-commit
-    #   pytest
-    #   virtualenv
 iniconfig==1.1.1
     # via pytest
 mypy-extensions==0.4.3
@@ -59,6 +52,8 @@ pathspec==0.10.3
     # via black
 pep517==0.13.0
     # via build
+pillow==9.3.0
+    # via -r requirements/dev.in
 pip-tools==6.11.0
     # via -r requirements/dev.in
 platformdirs==2.6.0
@@ -87,12 +82,8 @@ tomli==2.0.1
     #   pytest
 tomli-w==1.0.0
     # via flit
-typed-ast==1.5.4
-    # via black
 typing-extensions==4.4.0
-    # via
-    #   black
-    #   importlib-metadata
+    # via black
 urllib3==1.26.13
     # via requests
 virtualenv==20.17.1
@@ -101,8 +92,6 @@ wheel==0.38.4
     # via
     #   -r requirements/dev.in
     #   pip-tools
-zipp==3.11.0
-    # via importlib-metadata
 
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
 # pip