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Speed Evaluation

Key Encapsulation Schemes

scheme implementation key generation [cycles] encapsulation [cycles] decapsulation [cycles]
bikel1 (10 executions) m4f AVG: 27,382,389
MIN: 27,382,366
MAX: 27,382,406
AVG: 3,363,252
MIN: 3,363,238
MAX: 3,363,291
AVG: 56,744,036
MIN: 56,744,013
MAX: 56,744,062
bikel1 (10 executions) opt AVG: 76,272,765
MIN: 76,272,741
MAX: 76,272,809
AVG: 5,295,900
MIN: 5,295,877
MAX: 5,295,931
AVG: 138,514,606
MIN: 138,514,541
MAX: 138,514,711
bikel3 (10 executions) m4f AVG: 66,285,221
MIN: 66,285,184
MAX: 66,285,235
AVG: 8,441,498
MIN: 8,441,478
MAX: 8,441,521
AVG: 150,282,952
MIN: 150,282,849
MAX: 150,282,974
bikel3 (10 executions) opt AVG: 248,083,316
MIN: 248,083,286
MAX: 248,083,345
AVG: 16,405,238
MIN: 16,405,236
MAX: 16,405,241
AVG: 423,262,047
MIN: 423,261,952
MAX: 423,262,086
hqc-128 (10 executions) clean AVG: 52,705,201
MIN: 52,705,180
MAX: 52,705,224
AVG: 105,650,897
MIN: 105,650,877
MAX: 105,650,927
AVG: 159,569,179
MIN: 159,569,176
MAX: 159,569,183
hqc-192 (10 executions) clean AVG: 161,458,617
MIN: 161,458,590
MAX: 161,458,638
AVG: 323,146,261
MIN: 323,146,250
MAX: 323,146,292
AVG: 486,156,251
MIN: 486,156,214
MAX: 486,156,266
hqc-256 (10 executions) clean AVG: 295,934,078
MIN: 295,934,057
MAX: 295,934,104
AVG: 591,853,870
MIN: 591,853,850
MAX: 591,853,898
AVG: 891,163,005
MIN: 891,162,988
MAX: 891,163,038
kyber1024 (10 executions) clean AVG: 1,540,378
MIN: 1,537,672
MAX: 1,549,497
AVG: 1,707,203
MIN: 1,704,498
MAX: 1,716,319
AVG: 2,019,461
MIN: 2,016,781
MAX: 2,028,566
kyber1024 (10 executions) m4fspeed AVG: 1,007,332
MIN: 1,004,620
MAX: 1,027,834
AVG: 1,025,692
MIN: 1,023,006
MAX: 1,046,169
AVG: 1,088,140
MIN: 1,085,497
MAX: 1,108,618
kyber1024 (10 executions) m4fstack AVG: 1,010,439
MIN: 1,007,447
MAX: 1,019,916
AVG: 1,034,164
MIN: 1,031,168
MAX: 1,043,640
AVG: 1,097,375
MIN: 1,094,378
MAX: 1,106,850
kyber512 (10 executions) clean AVG: 596,231
MIN: 595,868
MAX: 596,646
AVG: 696,137
MIN: 695,809
MAX: 696,547
AVG: 884,186
MIN: 883,823
MAX: 884,599
kyber512 (10 executions) m4fspeed AVG: 387,168
MIN: 386,737
MAX: 387,669
AVG: 386,230
MIN: 385,800
MAX: 386,729
AVG: 423,509
MIN: 423,078
MAX: 424,010
kyber512 (10 executions) m4fstack AVG: 386,859
MIN: 386,551
MAX: 387,231
AVG: 388,111
MIN: 387,802
MAX: 388,486
AVG: 425,445
MIN: 425,136
MAX: 425,820
kyber768 (10 executions) clean AVG: 990,392
MIN: 988,002
MAX: 998,996
AVG: 1,134,996
MIN: 1,132,606
MAX: 1,143,599
AVG: 1,384,768
MIN: 1,382,378
MAX: 1,393,371
kyber768 (10 executions) m4fspeed AVG: 631,922
MIN: 631,406
MAX: 632,490
AVG: 651,769
MIN: 651,258
MAX: 652,364
AVG: 700,842
MIN: 700,331
MAX: 701,436
kyber768 (10 executions) m4fstack AVG: 633,057
MIN: 632,425
MAX: 633,410
AVG: 656,716
MIN: 656,088
MAX: 657,072
AVG: 706,247
MIN: 705,620
MAX: 706,604

Signature Schemes

scheme implementation key generation [cycles] sign [cycles] verify [cycles]
aimer-l1-param1 (10 executions) ref AVG: 392,943
MIN: 392,938
MAX: 392,977
AVG: 32,386,301
MIN: 32,386,203
MAX: 32,386,424
AVG: 31,111,672
MIN: 31,111,588
MAX: 31,111,782
aimer-l1-param2 (10 executions) ref AVG: 392,938
MIN: 392,938
MAX: 392,941
AVG: 79,450,721
MIN: 79,450,349
MAX: 79,451,595
AVG: 78,429,263
MIN: 78,398,061
MAX: 78,434,987
aimer-l3-param1 (10 executions) ref AVG: 981,288
MIN: 981,288
MAX: 981,290
AVG: 90,953,716
MIN: 90,953,603
MAX: 90,953,763
AVG: 88,350,755
MIN: 88,350,600
MAX: 88,350,906
ascon-sign-128f-robust (10 executions) ref AVG: 122,506,162
MIN: 122,506,099
MAX: 122,506,254
AVG: 2,855,797,836
MIN: 2,855,797,243
MAX: 2,855,798,602
AVG: 174,707,763
MIN: 169,973,472
MAX: 179,525,137
ascon-sign-128f-simple (10 executions) ref AVG: 69,376,878
MIN: 69,376,875
MAX: 69,376,883
AVG: 1,629,111,557
MIN: 1,629,111,334
MAX: 1,629,112,028
AVG: 97,798,317
MIN: 95,509,050
MAX: 98,714,007
ascon-sign-128s-robust (10 executions) ref AVG: 7,842,366,557
MIN: 7,842,366,432
MAX: 7,842,366,620
AVG: 59,267,552,580
MIN: 59,267,543,517
MAX: 59,267,565,672
AVG: 60,232,378
MIN: 57,865,239
MAX: 62,848,708
ascon-sign-128s-simple (10 executions) ref AVG: 4,441,129,007
MIN: 4,441,128,624
MAX: 4,441,129,583
AVG: 33,877,719,255
MIN: 33,877,704,467
MAX: 33,877,739,518
AVG: 33,665,713
MIN: 31,101,669
MAX: 34,993,483
ascon-sign-192f-robust (10 executions) ref AVG: 222,614,206
MIN: 222,614,156
MAX: 222,614,345
AVG: 5,712,962,198
MIN: 5,712,960,682
MAX: 5,712,963,829
AVG: 321,026,499
MIN: 315,341,414
MAX: 327,745,233
ascon-sign-192f-simple (10 executions) ref AVG: 128,167,067
MIN: 128,167,038
MAX: 128,167,083
AVG: 3,345,487,807
MIN: 3,345,484,178
MAX: 3,345,492,588
AVG: 179,328,421
MIN: 175,094,665
MAX: 183,794,127
ascon-sign-192s-robust (10 executions) ref AVG: 14,249,838,562
MIN: 14,249,837,693
MAX: 14,249,840,118
AVG: 126,646,612,223
MIN: 126,646,594,160
MAX: 126,646,651,564
AVG: 111,451,290
MIN: 108,763,808
MAX: 114,965,691
ascon-sign-192s-simple (10 executions) ref AVG: 8,204,011,592
MIN: 8,204,011,246
MAX: 8,204,011,971
AVG: 74,760,768,141
MIN: 74,760,751,354
MAX: 74,760,789,761
AVG: 61,679,880
MIN: 58,983,014
MAX: 64,202,741
biscuit128f (10 executions) ref AVG: 1,054,719
MIN: 1,054,719
MAX: 1,054,720
AVG: 274,072,426
MIN: 274,072,411
MAX: 274,072,461
AVG: 254,371,114
MIN: 254,371,087
MAX: 254,371,140
biscuit192f (10 executions) ref AVG: 1,886,203
MIN: 1,886,199
MAX: 1,886,238
AVG: 765,314,258
MIN: 765,314,227
MAX: 765,314,291
AVG: 713,412,502
MIN: 713,412,394
MAX: 713,412,608
biscuit256f (10 executions) ref AVG: 3,301,990
MIN: 3,301,983
MAX: 3,302,022
AVG: 1,747,187,940
MIN: 1,747,187,918
MAX: 1,747,187,973
AVG: 1,678,998,604
MIN: 1,678,998,013
MAX: 1,678,998,987
cross-sha2-r-sdp-1-fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 5,614,888
MIN: 5,590,276
MAX: 5,650,611
AVG: 216,566,013
MIN: 215,745,202
MAX: 217,395,250
AVG: 143,008,126
MIN: 141,803,162
MAX: 144,002,548
cross-sha2-r-sdp-3-fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 8,201,340
MIN: 8,148,672
MAX: 8,208,465
AVG: 241,899,820
MIN: 241,815,860
MAX: 242,049,039
AVG: 123,896,179
MIN: 123,524,606
MAX: 124,545,760
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-1-fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 2,151,163
MIN: 2,115,797
MAX: 2,174,685
AVG: 116,162,852
MIN: 116,120,174
MAX: 116,181,821
AVG: 87,741,423
MIN: 87,209,686
MAX: 88,267,494
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-1-small (10 executions) ref AVG: 2,151,212
MIN: 2,115,845
MAX: 2,174,734
AVG: 391,718,680
MIN: 391,662,566
MAX: 391,774,957
AVG: 368,397,996
MIN: 367,703,173
MAX: 369,416,443
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-3-fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 3,049,185
MIN: 2,996,960
MAX: 3,055,381
AVG: 136,242,875
MIN: 136,234,139
MAX: 136,299,163
AVG: 84,236,165
MIN: 83,659,318
MAX: 85,067,521
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-5-fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 4,302,017
MIN: 4,249,738
MAX: 4,308,343
AVG: 221,761,047
MIN: 221,758,357
MAX: 221,762,936
AVG: 134,821,310
MIN: 134,547,992
MAX: 135,025,658
cross-sha3-r-sdp-1-fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 967,965
MIN: 963,482
MAX: 978,861
AVG: 58,864,285
MIN: 58,853,041
MAX: 58,876,854
AVG: 30,641,221
MIN: 30,631,654
MAX: 30,661,122
cross-sha3-r-sdp-3-fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 2,195,040
MIN: 2,191,401
MAX: 2,205,040
AVG: 90,064,203
MIN: 90,034,522
MAX: 90,080,511
AVG: 48,561,804
MIN: 48,542,657
MAX: 48,577,008
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-1-fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 290,136
MIN: 287,742
MAX: 297,758
AVG: 29,963,868
MIN: 29,960,918
MAX: 29,974,902
AVG: 20,093,649
MIN: 20,078,626
MAX: 20,103,416
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-1-small (10 executions) ref AVG: 290,135
MIN: 287,741
MAX: 297,757
AVG: 102,853,622
MIN: 102,847,774
MAX: 102,861,948
AVG: 75,137,510
MIN: 75,126,803
MAX: 75,159,685
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-3-fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 627,948
MIN: 625,525
MAX: 637,639
AVG: 43,573,841
MIN: 43,565,461
MAX: 43,582,933
AVG: 27,513,830
MIN: 27,493,024
MAX: 27,525,746
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-5-fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 1,146,280
MIN: 1,142,409
MAX: 1,153,794
AVG: 93,557,878
MIN: 93,547,167
MAX: 93,566,329
AVG: 59,948,216
MIN: 59,857,434
MAX: 60,043,852
dilithium2 (1000 executions) clean AVG: 1,874,167
MIN: 1,827,645
MAX: 1,914,566
AVG: 7,493,877
MIN: 3,321,630
MAX: 40,762,756
AVG: 2,062,795
MIN: 2,062,255
MAX: 2,063,222
dilithium2 (1000 executions) m4f AVG: 1,426,036
MIN: 1,379,636
MAX: 1,466,394
AVG: 3,807,970
MIN: 1,813,656
MAX: 18,528,070
AVG: 1,417,745
MIN: 1,417,203
MAX: 1,418,192
dilithium2 (1000 executions) m4fstack AVG: 1,801,523
MIN: 1,684,895
MAX: 1,902,114
AVG: 12,170,976
MIN: 3,900,911
MAX: 86,281,518
AVG: 3,241,353
MIN: 3,194,028
MAX: 3,281,144
dilithium3 (1000 executions) clean AVG: 3,205,551
MIN: 3,204,090
MAX: 3,207,411
AVG: 12,696,585
MIN: 5,097,364
MAX: 74,392,293
AVG: 3,376,992
MIN: 3,376,581
MAX: 3,377,393
dilithium3 (1000 executions) m4f AVG: 2,515,969
MIN: 2,514,498
MAX: 2,517,634
AVG: 5,884,832
MIN: 2,917,322
MAX: 25,268,693
AVG: 2,411,257
MIN: 2,410,858
MAX: 2,411,717
dilithium3 (1000 executions) m4fstack AVG: 3,412,759
MIN: 3,406,659
MAX: 3,419,247
AVG: 23,673,016
MIN: 6,733,971
MAX: 145,803,146
AVG: 5,733,307
MIN: 5,688,893
MAX: 5,778,120
dilithium5 (1000 executions) clean AVG: 5,341,477
MIN: 5,286,872
MAX: 5,395,822
AVG: 15,710,371
MIN: 7,953,367
MAX: 75,940,093
AVG: 5,609,679
MIN: 5,609,217
MAX: 5,610,183
dilithium5 (1000 executions) m4f AVG: 4,275,029
MIN: 4,210,286
MAX: 4,329,519
AVG: 7,977,781
MIN: 4,882,524
MAX: 25,936,176
AVG: 4,185,417
MIN: 4,184,925
MAX: 4,185,896
dilithium5 (1000 executions) m4fstack AVG: 5,816,287
MIN: 5,474,236
MAX: 6,115,061
AVG: 33,452,872
MIN: 11,170,780
MAX: 185,259,803
AVG: 9,912,851
MIN: 9,845,789
MAX: 9,981,834
falcon-1024 (10 executions) m4-ct AVG: 354,880,005
MIN: 284,902,033
MAX: 635,131,652
AVG: 87,741,288
MIN: 87,506,676
MAX: 87,922,628
AVG: 991,320
MIN: 982,548
MAX: 997,219
falcon-1024 (10 executions) opt-ct AVG: 555,202,324
MIN: 284,912,829
MAX: 1,157,528,581
AVG: 87,710,190
MIN: 87,606,677
MAX: 87,841,235
AVG: 993,584
MIN: 983,066
MAX: 997,523
falcon-1024 (10 executions) opt-leaktime AVG: 438,412,062
MIN: 334,858,742
MAX: 625,013,074
AVG: 80,139,483
MIN: 79,891,200
MAX: 80,551,967
AVG: 994,127
MIN: 984,891
MAX: 997,390
falcon-1024-tree (10 executions) opt-ct AVG: 500,950,316
MIN: 327,706,067
MAX: 969,046,860
AVG: 39,207,109
MIN: 39,013,867
MAX: 39,449,442
AVG: 992,787
MIN: 982,032
MAX: 998,080
falcon-1024-tree (10 executions) opt-leaktime AVG: 372,505,822
MIN: 284,807,343
MAX: 551,245,131
AVG: 42,213,136
MIN: 41,842,229
MAX: 42,582,424
AVG: 995,859
MIN: 984,960
MAX: 998,421
falcon-512 (10 executions) m4-ct AVG: 161,245,486
MIN: 110,088,298
MAX: 279,215,300
AVG: 40,225,282
MIN: 40,072,879
MAX: 40,389,913
AVG: 478,930
MIN: 472,982
MAX: 485,577
falcon-512 (10 executions) opt-ct AVG: 151,650,543
MIN: 116,181,731
MAX: 228,216,352
AVG: 40,147,309
MIN: 40,003,575
MAX: 40,360,540
AVG: 480,990
MIN: 472,795
MAX: 485,260
falcon-512 (10 executions) opt-leaktime AVG: 159,608,965
MIN: 111,149,933
MAX: 301,580,807
AVG: 37,267,337
MIN: 36,991,076
MAX: 37,518,518
AVG: 478,421
MIN: 471,680
MAX: 484,872
falcon-512-tree (10 executions) m4-ct AVG: 167,653,515
MIN: 121,618,919
MAX: 272,326,714
AVG: 18,250,061
MIN: 18,135,371
MAX: 18,325,579
AVG: 479,823
MIN: 471,774
MAX: 485,540
falcon-512-tree (10 executions) opt-ct AVG: 184,949,574
MIN: 121,623,805
MAX: 270,290,280
AVG: 18,248,036
MIN: 18,069,599
MAX: 18,462,666
AVG: 484,565
MIN: 484,059
MAX: 485,335
falcon-512-tree (10 executions) opt-leaktime AVG: 156,710,258
MIN: 106,732,109
MAX: 326,634,247
AVG: 20,050,613
MIN: 19,891,001
MAX: 20,227,947
AVG: 482,101
MIN: 472,948
MAX: 485,643
haetae2 (100 executions) m4f AVG: 6,743,278
MIN: 1,555,292
MAX: 25,393,506
AVG: 21,993,963
MIN: 4,721,290
MAX: 86,765,689
AVG: 918,459
MIN: 918,244
MAX: 918,668
haetae2 (100 executions) ref AVG: 9,363,639
MIN: 1,716,264
MAX: 41,895,014
AVG: 31,631,089
MIN: 6,247,382
MAX: 216,853,925
AVG: 1,104,080
MIN: 1,103,874
MAX: 1,104,329
haetae3 (100 executions) m4f AVG: 12,925,388
MIN: 2,752,846
MAX: 52,240,529
AVG: 30,891,994
MIN: 7,467,529
MAX: 160,522,018
AVG: 1,760,745
MIN: 1,760,408
MAX: 1,761,081
haetae3 (100 executions) ref AVG: 20,247,658
MIN: 3,023,325
MAX: 101,863,701
AVG: 41,078,691
MIN: 9,771,906
MAX: 168,213,225
AVG: 1,998,105
MIN: 1,997,691
MAX: 1,998,406
haetae5 (100 executions) m4f AVG: 19,064,310
MIN: 3,530,778
MAX: 94,189,003
AVG: 44,679,058
MIN: 9,277,906
MAX: 182,948,586
AVG: 2,323,830
MIN: 2,323,454
MAX: 2,324,229
haetae5 (100 executions) ref AVG: 18,169,623
MIN: 3,864,921
MAX: 64,304,046
AVG: 63,180,459
MIN: 12,011,324
MAX: 264,538,555
AVG: 2,461,679
MIN: 2,461,294
MAX: 2,462,068
hawk1024 (100 executions) ref AVG: 246,017,495
MIN: 183,762,252
MAX: 662,190,563
AVG: 4,309,675
MIN: 4,309,595
MAX: 4,309,759
AVG: 2,782,441
MIN: 2,780,257
MAX: 2,784,348
hawk256 (100 executions) ref AVG: 15,758,436
MIN: 11,600,791
MAX: 35,345,186
AVG: 1,042,002
MIN: 954,957
MAX: 2,294,025
AVG: 627,815
MIN: 627,480
MAX: 628,077
hawk512 (100 executions) ref AVG: 53,733,289
MIN: 45,271,209
MAX: 174,603,165
AVG: 1,972,051
MIN: 1,971,984
MAX: 1,972,127
AVG: 1,293,829
MIN: 1,292,946
MAX: 1,294,494
mayo1 (10 executions) m4f AVG: 5,242,008
MIN: 5,241,998
MAX: 5,242,042
AVG: 9,100,704
MIN: 9,100,681
MAX: 9,100,722
AVG: 4,952,860
MIN: 4,952,848
MAX: 4,952,890
mayo1 (10 executions) ref AVG: 7,977,004
MIN: 7,976,973
MAX: 7,977,015
AVG: 18,005,446
MIN: 18,005,440
MAX: 18,005,487
AVG: 6,294,480
MIN: 6,294,464
MAX: 6,294,503
mayo2 (10 executions) m4f AVG: 11,917,959
MIN: 11,917,940
MAX: 11,917,980
AVG: 11,979,613
MIN: 11,979,582
MAX: 11,979,624
AVG: 5,130,148
MIN: 5,130,131
MAX: 5,130,180
mayo2 (10 executions) ref AVG: 18,432,706
MIN: 18,432,701
MAX: 18,432,740
AVG: 23,546,659
MIN: 23,546,640
MAX: 23,546,680
AVG: 5,494,246
MIN: 5,494,236
MAX: 5,494,276
mayo3 (10 executions) m4f AVG: 18,946,738
MIN: 18,946,737
MAX: 18,946,740
AVG: 32,477,408
MIN: 32,477,407
MAX: 32,477,411
AVG: 16,852,927
MIN: 16,852,799
MAX: 16,853,047
meds13220 (10 executions) ref AVG: 47,801,890
MIN: 47,796,259
MAX: 47,805,424
AVG: 1,774,401,869
MIN: 1,773,011,038
MAX: 1,779,733,959
AVG: 1,767,764,521
MIN: 1,766,326,468
MAX: 1,773,152,168
meds55604 (10 executions) ref AVG: 253,603,604
MIN: 253,590,695
MAX: 253,615,749
AVG: 8,009,948,412
MIN: 8,009,909,000
MAX: 8,009,995,748
AVG: 8,320,756,990
MIN: 8,320,682,364
MAX: 8,320,835,448
mirith_IIIa_fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 3,009,088
MIN: 3,009,084
MAX: 3,009,123
AVG: 891,195,817
MIN: 891,191,657
MAX: 891,198,221
AVG: 831,725,932
MIN: 831,697,264
MAX: 831,742,620
mirith_IIIb_fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 4,565,011
MIN: 4,565,007
MAX: 4,565,046
AVG: 1,298,812,706
MIN: 1,298,810,546
MAX: 1,298,815,343
AVG: 1,214,260,655
MIN: 1,214,247,570
MAX: 1,214,277,229
mirith_Ia_fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 1,303,728
MIN: 1,303,721
MAX: 1,303,764
AVG: 296,732,107
MIN: 296,728,990
MAX: 296,734,109
AVG: 276,059,526
MIN: 276,031,297
MAX: 276,080,171
mirith_Ib_fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 2,514,924
MIN: 2,514,920
MAX: 2,514,964
AVG: 565,778,762
MIN: 565,776,437
MAX: 565,781,372
AVG: 528,408,968
MIN: 528,400,758
MAX: 528,415,550
mirith_Va_fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 6,254,885
MIN: 6,254,885
MAX: 6,254,887
AVG: 2,373,353,150
MIN: 2,373,347,664
MAX: 2,373,358,665
AVG: 2,233,960,878
MIN: 2,233,908,923
MAX: 2,234,010,721
mirith_Vb_fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 8,807,561
MIN: 8,807,538
MAX: 8,807,580
AVG: 3,406,388,587
MIN: 3,406,385,114
MAX: 3,406,391,954
AVG: 3,205,119,426
MIN: 3,205,069,724
MAX: 3,205,181,151
mirith_hypercube_IIIa_fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 3,009,085
MIN: 3,009,081
MAX: 3,009,121
AVG: 323,235,292
MIN: 323,169,167
MAX: 323,309,072
AVG: 313,483,184
MIN: 313,455,293
MAX: 313,507,476
mirith_hypercube_IIIa_short (10 executions) ref AVG: 3,009,092
MIN: 3,009,084
MAX: 3,009,125
AVG: 718,708,882
MIN: 718,706,940
MAX: 718,725,922
AVG: 730,959,561
MIN: 730,953,898
MAX: 730,965,347
mirith_hypercube_IIIb_fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 4,565,028
MIN: 4,565,013
MAX: 4,565,053
AVG: 450,970,203
MIN: 450,912,625
MAX: 451,011,870
AVG: 441,590,516
MIN: 441,574,663
MAX: 441,613,045
mirith_hypercube_IIIb_short (10 executions) ref AVG: 4,565,027
MIN: 4,565,008
MAX: 4,565,047
AVG: 845,096,869
MIN: 845,094,881
MAX: 845,114,293
AVG: 860,321,543
MIN: 860,312,205
MAX: 860,325,520
mirith_hypercube_Ia_fast (10 executions) opt AVG: 995,563
MIN: 995,419
MAX: 995,752
AVG: 58,999,862
MIN: 58,972,041
MAX: 59,042,031
AVG: 53,599,779
MIN: 53,565,299
MAX: 53,623,234
mirith_hypercube_Ia_fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 1,303,715
MIN: 1,303,715
MAX: 1,303,718
AVG: 116,964,064
MIN: 116,941,316
MAX: 116,990,779
AVG: 111,505,597
MIN: 111,482,197
MAX: 111,525,936
mirith_hypercube_Ia_short (10 executions) ref AVG: 1,303,722
MIN: 1,303,721
MAX: 1,303,724
AVG: 370,999,431
MIN: 370,999,393
MAX: 370,999,483
AVG: 364,000,112
MIN: 363,996,085
MAX: 364,002,214
mirith_hypercube_Ib_fast (10 executions) opt AVG: 1,879,815
MIN: 1,879,488
MAX: 1,880,127
AVG: 83,825,209
MIN: 83,797,728
MAX: 83,857,763
AVG: 78,145,476
MIN: 78,137,727
MAX: 78,153,192
mirith_hypercube_Ib_fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 2,514,929
MIN: 2,514,917
MAX: 2,514,959
AVG: 205,510,181
MIN: 205,497,961
MAX: 205,547,801
AVG: 199,772,762
MIN: 199,769,009
MAX: 199,782,994
mirith_hypercube_Ib_short (10 executions) ref AVG: 2,514,920
MIN: 2,514,920
MAX: 2,514,923
AVG: 447,351,952
MIN: 447,351,902
MAX: 447,351,992
AVG: 440,279,587
MIN: 440,278,101
MAX: 440,281,382
mirith_hypercube_Va_fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 6,254,896
MIN: 6,254,886
MAX: 6,254,922
AVG: 808,070,687
MIN: 808,007,911
MAX: 808,157,180
AVG: 792,058,628
MIN: 792,006,360
MAX: 792,098,565
mirith_hypercube_Vb_fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 8,807,565
MIN: 8,807,542
MAX: 8,807,583
AVG: 1,134,272,446
MIN: 1,134,201,632
MAX: 1,134,368,110
AVG: 1,117,085,816
MIN: 1,117,059,819
MAX: 1,117,104,354
mqom_cat1_gf251_fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 7,780,082
MIN: 7,761,398
MAX: 7,795,766
AVG: 149,063,790
MIN: 149,045,955
MAX: 149,079,787
AVG: 136,742,778
MIN: 136,613,266
MAX: 136,821,602
mqom_cat1_gf31_fast (10 executions) ref AVG: 8,472,628
MIN: 8,471,619
MAX: 8,473,585
AVG: 243,796,920
MIN: 243,782,136
MAX: 243,811,088
AVG: 244,346,110
MIN: 244,239,828
MAX: 244,424,317
ov-Ip (10 executions) m4f AVG: 139,186,121
MIN: 139,186,115
MAX: 139,186,154
AVG: 2,465,106
MIN: 2,465,096
MAX: 2,465,133
AVG: 993,538
MIN: 979,943
MAX: 997,098
ov-Ip (10 executions) ref AVG: 350,783,613
MIN: 350,783,583
MAX: 350,783,641
AVG: 6,479,343
MIN: 6,479,329
MAX: 6,479,364
AVG: 1,301,328
MIN: 1,301,328
MAX: 1,301,329
ov-Ip-pkc (10 executions) m4fspeed AVG: 175,417,340
MIN: 175,417,323
MAX: 175,417,366
AVG: 2,484,348
MIN: 2,484,345
MAX: 2,484,383
AVG: 11,197,952
MIN: 11,185,489
MAX: 11,202,816
ov-Ip-pkc (10 executions) m4fstack AVG: 175,417,332
MIN: 175,417,319
MAX: 175,417,363
AVG: 2,484,355
MIN: 2,484,351
MAX: 2,484,391
AVG: 12,047,546
MIN: 12,033,622
MAX: 12,049,099
ov-Ip-pkc (10 executions) ref AVG: 375,129,899
MIN: 375,129,876
MAX: 375,129,925
AVG: 6,924,383
MIN: 6,924,364
MAX: 6,924,403
AVG: 11,429,702
MIN: 11,429,685
MAX: 11,429,720
ov-Ip-pkc-skc (10 executions) m4fspeed AVG: 175,417,478
MIN: 175,417,464
MAX: 175,417,508
AVG: 89,193,259
MIN: 89,193,250
MAX: 89,193,291
AVG: 11,987,533
MIN: 11,972,791
MAX: 11,991,175
ov-Ip-pkc-skc (10 executions) m4fstack AVG: 175,417,481
MIN: 175,417,467
MAX: 175,417,513
AVG: 89,193,257
MIN: 89,193,252
MAX: 89,193,294
AVG: 12,046,865
MIN: 12,036,910
MAX: 12,049,102
ov-Ip-pkc-skc (10 executions) ref AVG: 375,129,970
MIN: 375,129,961
MAX: 375,129,979
AVG: 241,521,035
MIN: 241,521,010
MAX: 241,521,062
AVG: 12,160,652
MIN: 12,160,649
MAX: 12,160,655
perk-128-fast-3 (10 executions) m4 AVG: 600,370
MIN: 588,589
MAX: 617,172
AVG: 176,603,058
MIN: 172,398,218
MAX: 179,515,947
AVG: 80,954,403
MIN: 80,639,115
MAX: 81,369,755
perk-128-fast-3 (10 executions) ref AVG: 704,259
MIN: 693,368
MAX: 736,117
AVG: 217,778,838
MIN: 217,461,187
MAX: 218,268,228
AVG: 96,466,250
MIN: 96,183,326
MAX: 96,888,788
perk-128-fast-5 (10 executions) m4 AVG: 731,441
MIN: 731,364
MAX: 731,540
AVG: 169,489,946
MIN: 165,666,000
MAX: 172,125,278
AVG: 78,073,374
MIN: 77,727,738
MAX: 78,357,997
perk-128-fast-5 (10 executions) ref AVG: 913,665
MIN: 909,095
MAX: 954,075
AVG: 215,313,534
MIN: 214,778,346
MAX: 215,586,755
AVG: 93,670,132
MIN: 93,146,285
MAX: 93,977,473
perk-128-short-3 (10 executions) m4 AVG: 590,902
MIN: 588,605
MAX: 599,700
AVG: 953,694,810
MIN: 909,659,772
MAX: 990,039,092
AVG: 460,190,199
MIN: 458,863,203
MAX: 461,050,669
perk-128-short-5 (10 executions) m4 AVG: 731,445
MIN: 731,335
MAX: 731,531
AVG: 897,819,203
MIN: 874,104,462
MAX: 910,961,959
AVG: 428,108,291
MIN: 426,956,727
MAX: 428,829,873
perk-192-fast-3 (10 executions) m4 AVG: 1,417,042
MIN: 1,416,960
MAX: 1,417,171
AVG: 417,178,570
MIN: 409,941,430
MAX: 430,893,116
AVG: 194,559,724
MIN: 193,854,854
MAX: 195,157,065
perk-192-fast-5 (10 executions) m4 AVG: 1,674,275
MIN: 1,664,390
MAX: 1,675,499
AVG: 398,534,166
MIN: 393,310,316
MAX: 407,792,875
AVG: 186,556,828
MIN: 185,719,616
MAX: 187,993,601
perk-192-short-3 (10 executions) m4 AVG: 1,421,844
MIN: 1,416,962
MAX: 1,464,701
AVG: 2,361,914,331
MIN: 2,294,967,247
MAX: 2,446,192,375
AVG: 1,177,027,799
MIN: 1,172,107,658
MAX: 1,180,352,563
perk-192-short-5 (10 executions) m4 AVG: 1,675,264
MIN: 1,674,747
MAX: 1,675,426
AVG: 2,199,500,885
MIN: 2,155,317,947
MAX: 2,244,259,412
AVG: 1,098,396,172
MIN: 1,096,382,473
MAX: 1,100,817,952
perk-256-fast-3 (10 executions) m4 AVG: 2,473,015
MIN: 2,472,888
MAX: 2,473,216
AVG: 878,427,616
MIN: 863,486,856
MAX: 896,605,165
AVG: 418,401,493
MIN: 416,315,010
MAX: 421,403,946
perk-256-fast-5 (10 executions) m4 AVG: 2,885,058
MIN: 2,878,858
MAX: 2,939,569
AVG: 826,739,240
MIN: 816,655,441
MAX: 839,215,281
AVG: 397,855,320
MIN: 396,898,494
MAX: 398,693,053
perk-256-short-3 (10 executions) m4 AVG: 2,478,803
MIN: 2,472,893
MAX: 2,531,188
AVG: 5,056,839,759
MIN: 5,015,570,985
MAX: 5,098,913,929
AVG: 2,638,814,692
MIN: 2,626,576,274
MAX: 2,645,713,279
perk-256-short-5 (10 executions) m4 AVG: 2,889,949
MIN: 2,878,822
MAX: 2,988,248
AVG: 4,678,162,399
MIN: 4,520,673,553
MAX: 4,740,505,898
AVG: 2,453,866,153
MIN: 2,446,870,524
MAX: 2,460,260,204
snova-24-5-16-4-esk (10 executions) ref AVG: 24,840,838
MIN: 24,840,391
MAX: 24,841,191
AVG: 139,251,354
MIN: 139,235,721
MAX: 139,274,512
AVG: 88,454,046
MIN: 88,453,528
MAX: 88,454,429
snova-24-5-16-4-ssk (10 executions) ref AVG: 24,772,323
MIN: 24,771,821
MAX: 24,772,994
AVG: 174,094,748
MIN: 160,180,156
MAX: 299,202,162
AVG: 88,453,756
MIN: 88,453,293
MAX: 88,454,408
snova-25-8-16-3-esk (10 executions) ref AVG: 35,280,792
MIN: 35,280,693
MAX: 35,280,867
AVG: 71,674,196
MIN: 65,171,606
MAX: 130,098,735
AVG: 42,542,485
MIN: 42,542,403
MAX: 42,542,553
snova-25-8-16-3-ssk (10 executions) ref AVG: 35,195,324
MIN: 35,195,216
MAX: 35,195,579
AVG: 112,654,217
MIN: 93,165,980
MAX: 158,103,540
AVG: 42,542,507
MIN: 42,542,396
MAX: 42,542,732
snova-28-17-16-2-esk (10 executions) ref AVG: 51,177,590
MIN: 51,177,548
MAX: 51,177,647
AVG: 23,387,139
MIN: 21,270,788
MAX: 42,311,786
AVG: 19,180,389
MIN: 19,180,360
MAX: 19,180,440
snova-28-17-16-2-ssk (10 executions) ref AVG: 51,065,038
MIN: 51,064,999
MAX: 51,065,086
AVG: 52,865,514
MIN: 50,757,388
MAX: 71,788,606
AVG: 19,180,379
MIN: 19,180,357
MAX: 19,180,425
snova-37-8-16-4-ssk (10 executions) ref AVG: 122,023,801
MIN: 122,023,399
MAX: 122,024,216
AVG: 533,063,912
MIN: 533,033,960
MAX: 533,090,127
AVG: 335,806,349
MIN: 335,805,890
MAX: 335,806,820
sphincs-a-sha2-128f (10 executions) ref AVG: 30,278,936
MIN: 30,278,762
MAX: 30,279,211
AVG: 382,270,810
MIN: 382,269,421
MAX: 382,271,497
AVG: 35,695,646
MIN: 35,693,840
MAX: 35,698,828
sphincs-a-sha2-128s (10 executions) ref AVG: 814,836,852
MIN: 814,834,574
MAX: 814,838,039
AVG: 6,981,930,727
MIN: 6,981,924,687
MAX: 6,981,936,443
AVG: 187,090,082
MIN: 187,087,928
MAX: 187,093,600
sphincs-a-sha2-192f (10 executions) ref AVG: 45,930,664
MIN: 45,930,481
MAX: 45,930,983
AVG: 634,374,072
MIN: 634,373,011
MAX: 634,375,225
AVG: 35,145,783
MIN: 35,144,266
MAX: 35,146,607
sphincs-a-shake-128f (10 executions) ref AVG: 61,578,406
MIN: 61,578,107
MAX: 61,578,885
AVG: 1,188,147,363
MIN: 1,188,146,489
MAX: 1,188,148,063
AVG: 76,330,135
MIN: 76,328,602
MAX: 76,331,478
sphincs-a-shake-128s (10 executions) ref AVG: 2,342,298,427
MIN: 2,342,296,403
MAX: 2,342,299,607
AVG: 22,926,754,899
MIN: 22,926,752,978
MAX: 22,926,758,555
AVG: 241,835,141
MIN: 241,830,735
MAX: 241,838,908
sphincs-a-shake-192f (10 executions) ref AVG: 110,027,677
MIN: 110,027,323
MAX: 110,027,950
AVG: 1,814,954,350
MIN: 1,814,953,585
MAX: 1,814,955,913
AVG: 64,022,276
MIN: 64,020,853
MAX: 64,023,988
sphincs-sha2-128f-simple (10 executions) clean AVG: 15,742,990
MIN: 15,742,958
MAX: 15,742,996
AVG: 368,575,228
MIN: 368,575,193
MAX: 368,575,246
AVG: 21,923,628
MIN: 21,369,867
MAX: 22,456,717
sphincs-sha2-128s-simple (10 executions) clean AVG: 1,007,731,522
MIN: 1,007,731,504
MAX: 1,007,731,551
AVG: 7,657,558,168
MIN: 7,657,558,117
MAX: 7,657,558,212
AVG: 7,471,794
MIN: 7,228,491
MAX: 7,797,915
sphincs-sha2-192f-simple (10 executions) clean AVG: 23,570,224
MIN: 23,570,214
MAX: 23,570,257
AVG: 666,398,438
MIN: 666,398,401
MAX: 666,398,468
AVG: 35,457,937
MIN: 35,087,854
MAX: 35,973,969
sphincs-sha2-192s-simple (10 executions) clean AVG: 1,509,654,951
MIN: 1,509,654,914
MAX: 1,509,654,968
AVG: 15,452,089,990
MIN: 15,452,089,934
MAX: 15,452,090,071
AVG: 13,494,855
MIN: 12,947,211
MAX: 14,303,224
sphincs-sha2-256f-simple (10 executions) clean AVG: 62,583,556
MIN: 62,583,533
MAX: 62,583,577
AVG: 1,377,768,608
MIN: 1,377,768,561
MAX: 1,377,768,713
AVG: 37,302,611
MIN: 36,599,268
MAX: 38,058,007
sphincs-sha2-256s-simple (10 executions) clean AVG: 1,001,040,810
MIN: 1,001,040,779
MAX: 1,001,040,845
AVG: 14,326,202,444
MIN: 14,326,202,404
MAX: 14,326,202,506
AVG: 19,637,153
MIN: 18,985,943
MAX: 20,132,079
sphincs-shake-128f-simple (10 executions) clean AVG: 50,505,025
MIN: 50,505,022
MAX: 50,505,030
AVG: 1,182,422,563
MIN: 1,182,422,491
MAX: 1,182,422,621
AVG: 70,501,834
MIN: 68,595,319
MAX: 71,605,565
sphincs-shake-128s-simple (10 executions) clean AVG: 3,231,401,965
MIN: 3,231,401,936
MAX: 3,231,402,005
AVG: 24,553,696,412
MIN: 24,553,696,311
MAX: 24,553,696,516
AVG: 24,366,771
MIN: 22,962,144
MAX: 25,470,425
sphincs-shake-192f-simple (10 executions) clean AVG: 74,890,591
MIN: 74,890,566
MAX: 74,890,617
AVG: 1,937,690,056
MIN: 1,937,690,000
MAX: 1,937,690,169
AVG: 103,305,801
MIN: 101,234,011
MAX: 104,969,964
sphincs-shake-192s-simple (10 executions) clean AVG: 4,793,551,013
MIN: 4,793,550,980
MAX: 4,793,551,045
AVG: 43,114,327,277
MIN: 43,114,327,182
MAX: 43,114,327,407
AVG: 35,026,412
MIN: 33,413,152
MAX: 36,300,013
sphincs-shake-256f-simple (10 executions) clean AVG: 200,110,912
MIN: 200,110,878
MAX: 200,110,926
AVG: 4,026,533,198
MIN: 4,026,533,128
MAX: 4,026,533,250
AVG: 108,394,619
MIN: 106,138,946
MAX: 111,648,895
sphincs-shake-256s-simple (10 executions) clean AVG: 3,201,898,694
MIN: 3,201,898,656
MAX: 3,201,898,741
AVG: 38,175,697,620
MIN: 38,175,697,525
MAX: 38,175,697,766
AVG: 52,912,174
MIN: 51,224,772
MAX: 53,979,746

Memory Evaluation

Key Encapsulation Schemes

Scheme Implementation Key Generation [bytes] Encapsulation [bytes] Decapsulation [bytes]
bikel1 m4f 43,976 32,192 91,372
bikel1 opt 35,748 25,836 78,540
bikel3 m4f 85,744 62,944 175,128
bikel3 opt 69,444 50,556 155,388
hqc-128 clean 33,644 51,428 55,892
hqc-192 clean 65,668 101,636 110,660
hqc-256 clean 103,756 161,508 175,972
kyber1024 clean 15,136 18,784 20,360
kyber1024 m4fspeed 6,436 7,500 7,484
kyber1024 m4fstack 3,332 3,372 3,356
kyber512 clean 6,168 8,800 9,576
kyber512 m4fspeed 4,364 5,436 5,412
kyber512 m4fstack 2,292 2,348 2,332
kyber768 clean 10,272 13,408 14,504
kyber768 m4fspeed 5,396 6,468 6,452
kyber768 m4fstack 2,820 2,860 2,844

Signature Schemes

Scheme Implementation Key Generation [bytes] Sign [bytes] Verify [bytes]
aimer-l1-param1 ref 10,952 187,724 196,728
aimer-l1-param2 ref 10,952 442,668 451,672
aimer-l3-param1 ref 23,864 413,940 435,640
ascon-sign-128f-robust ref 3,260 2,772 2,992
ascon-sign-128f-simple ref 2,632 2,144 2,448
ascon-sign-128s-robust ref 3,452 2,916 2,240
ascon-sign-128s-simple ref 2,824 2,268 1,752
ascon-sign-192f-robust ref 6,092 4,924 4,504
ascon-sign-192f-simple ref 4,808 3,640 3,704
ascon-sign-192s-robust ref 6,380 5,116 4,332
ascon-sign-192s-simple ref 5,096 3,812 3,048
biscuit128f ref 600 137,348 14,560
biscuit192f ref 640 265,964 20,796
biscuit256f ref 720 477,468 33,108
cross-sha2-r-sdp-1-fast ref 5,200 218,304 105,604
cross-sha2-r-sdp-3-fast ref 9,920 324,764 158,132
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-1-fast ref 2,760 130,824 69,536
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-1-small ref 2,760 466,288 245,480
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-3-fast ref 4,536 205,148 108,452
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-5-fast ref 7,408 398,612 213,684
cross-sha3-r-sdp-1-fast ref 4,672 218,400 105,576
cross-sha3-r-sdp-3-fast ref 9,336 324,688 157,792
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-1-fast ref 2,328 130,928 69,560
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-1-small ref 2,328 466,400 245,512
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-3-fast ref 4,032 205,080 108,236
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-5-fast ref 6,824 398,600 213,436
dilithium2 clean 38,304 51,968 36,192
dilithium2 m4f 38,296 49,416 36,220
dilithium2 m4fstack 4,408 5,072 2,704
dilithium3 clean 60,832 79,616 57,728
dilithium3 m4f 60,824 68,864 57,720
dilithium3 m4fstack 4,408 6,608 2,704
dilithium5 clean 97,696 122,724 92,940
dilithium5 m4f 97,688 116,076 92,932
dilithium5 m4fstack 4,408 8,136 2,712
falcon-1024 clean 34,988 84,604 8,784
falcon-1024 m4-ct 1,156 2,508 376
falcon-1024 opt-ct 1,156 2,508 376
falcon-1024 opt-leaktime 1,212 2,580 376
falcon-1024-tree opt-ct 1,252 2,772 376
falcon-1024-tree opt-leaktime 1,212 2,988 376
falcon-512 clean 18,092 43,548 4,688
falcon-512 m4-ct 1,156 2,428 376
falcon-512 opt-ct 1,156 2,428 376
falcon-512 opt-leaktime 1,156 2,492 376
falcon-512-tree m4-ct 1,212 2,636 376
falcon-512-tree opt-ct 1,156 2,636 376
falcon-512-tree opt-leaktime 1,212 2,828 376
haetae2 m4f 19,756 55,568 23,296
haetae2 ref 26,092 54,444 29,696
haetae3 m4f 29,596 83,420 31,784
haetae3 ref 43,492 80,428 48,424
haetae5 m4f 34,084 103,964 37,300
haetae5 ref 54,868 100,228 62,024
hawk1024 ref 27,972 7,980 11,468
hawk256 ref 7,900 3,320 3,712
hawk512 ref 14,580 4,856 6,272
mayo1 m4f 74,444 113,468 440,676
mayo1 ref 74,444 218,644 399,348
mayo2 m4f 111,532 124,644 278,444
mayo2 ref 111,532 238,324 270,260
mayo3 m4f 244,748 340,668 469,780
meds13220 ref 44,000 180,404 47,716
meds55604 ref 162,196 392,852 160,324
mirith_IIIa_fast ref 21,832 266,480 46,156
mirith_IIIb_fast ref 32,872 298,208 59,172
mirith_Ia_fast ref 10,208 122,424 22,836
mirith_Ib_fast ref 19,064 151,016 33,764
mirith_Va_fast ref 45,000 484,464 85,252
mirith_Vb_fast ref 62,864 535,176 106,004
mirith_hypercube_IIIa_fast ref 21,832 167,024 42,692
mirith_hypercube_IIIa_short ref 21,832 486,448 56,596
mirith_hypercube_IIIb_fast ref 32,872 189,520 55,244
mirith_hypercube_IIIb_short ref 32,872 509,056 68,632
mirith_hypercube_Ia_fast opt 10,216 76,944 20,864
mirith_hypercube_Ia_fast ref 10,208 76,944 20,864
mirith_hypercube_Ia_short ref 10,208 217,624 31,212
mirith_hypercube_Ib_fast opt 19,072 96,928 31,316
mirith_hypercube_Ib_fast ref 19,064 96,928 31,316
mirith_hypercube_Ib_short ref 19,064 237,408 41,220
mirith_hypercube_Va_fast ref 45,000 308,440 81,056
mirith_hypercube_Vb_fast ref 62,864 344,832 101,220
mqom_cat1_gf251_fast ref 184,356 399,396 252,684
mqom_cat1_gf31_fast ref 262,888 612,816 421,596
ov-Ip m4f 15,676 5,216 2,512
ov-Ip ref 15,724 12,728 6,236
ov-Ip-pkc m4fspeed 142,244 5,216 280,944
ov-Ip-pkc m4fstack 142,244 5,216 6,548
ov-Ip-pkc ref 15,724 12,728 284,560
ov-Ip-pkc-skc m4fspeed 380,164 243,128 281,028
ov-Ip-pkc-skc m4fstack 380,164 243,128 6,548
ov-Ip-pkc-skc ref 253,628 253,580 284,560
perk-128-fast-3 m4 7,696 24,020 20,684
perk-128-fast-3 ref 7,728 313,412 313,284
perk-128-fast-5 m4 9,032 25,160 21,752
perk-128-fast-5 ref 9,032 305,688 305,480
perk-128-short-3 m4 7,696 27,780 25,228
perk-128-short-5 m4 9,032 28,616 26,056
perk-192-fast-3 m4 14,952 47,720 41,352
perk-192-fast-5 m4 16,864 48,776 42,416
perk-192-short-3 m4 14,952 51,344 46,656
perk-192-short-5 m4 16,864 51,888 47,256
perk-256-fast-3 m4 25,504 80,304 69,912
perk-256-fast-5 m4 28,064 80,896 70,640
perk-256-short-3 m4 25,504 82,264 74,784
perk-256-short-5 m4 28,064 82,056 74,808
snova-24-5-16-4-esk ref 169,008 89,984 118,152
snova-24-5-16-4-ssk ref 169,008 169,104 118,152
snova-25-8-16-3-esk ref 190,696 87,400 122,656
snova-25-8-16-3-ssk ref 190,696 190,836 122,656
snova-28-17-16-2-esk ref 309,216 127,232 199,684
snova-28-17-16-2-ssk ref 309,216 309,356 199,684
snova-37-8-16-4-ssk ref 640,324 640,428 411,516
sphincs-a-sha2-128f ref 281,168 280,772 280,656
sphincs-a-sha2-128s ref 585,984 585,732 585,396
sphincs-a-sha2-192f ref 504,084 502,636 502,356
sphincs-a-shake-128f ref 281,072 280,676 280,560
sphincs-a-shake-128s ref 585,888 585,636 585,264
sphincs-a-shake-192f ref 503,544 502,092 501,816
sphincs-sha2-128f-simple clean 2,856 2,468 2,664
sphincs-sha2-128s-simple clean 3,084 2,556 1,968
sphincs-sha2-192f-simple clean 5,468 4,404 4,356
sphincs-sha2-192s-simple clean 5,796 4,540 3,700
sphincs-sha2-256f-simple clean 8,460 6,412 5,980
sphincs-sha2-256s-simple clean 8,756 6,540 5,580
sphincs-shake-128f-simple clean 2,760 2,372 2,568
sphincs-shake-128s-simple clean 2,988 2,460 1,872
sphincs-shake-192f-simple clean 4,928 3,860 3,816
sphincs-shake-192s-simple clean 5,252 3,996 3,160
sphincs-shake-256f-simple clean 7,928 5,876 5,448
sphincs-shake-256s-simple clean 8,220 6,004 5,048
tuov_v ref 503,544 502,092 501,816

Hashing Evaluation

Key Encapsulation Schemes

Scheme Implementation Key Generation [%] Encapsulation [%] Decapsulation [%]
bikel1 m4f 0.2% 15.9% 0.9%
bikel1 opt 0.1% 10.1% 0.4%
bikel3 m4f 0.1% 12.2% 0.7%
bikel3 opt 0.0% 6.3% 0.2%
hqc-128 clean 0.4% 0.8% 0.5%
hqc-192 clean 0.3% 0.5% 0.3%
hqc-256 clean 0.2% 0.4% 0.3%
kyber1024 clean 50.0% 45.8% 38.7%
kyber1024 m4fspeed 76.0% 75.8% 71.5%
kyber1024 m4fstack 75.9% 75.3% 71.0%
kyber512 clean 49.8% 41.4% 32.6%
kyber512 m4fspeed 76.6% 74.4% 68.0%
kyber512 m4fstack 76.6% 74.0% 67.6%
kyber768 clean 48.4% 43.3% 35.5%
kyber768 m4fspeed 75.4% 74.9% 69.6%
kyber768 m4fstack 75.4% 74.5% 69.3%

Signature Schemes

Scheme Implementation Key Generation [%] Sign [%] Verify [%]
aimer-l1-param1 ref 72.0% 47.2% 46.7%
aimer-l1-param2 ref 72.0% 48.7% 48.7%
aimer-l3-param1 ref 77.4% 41.7% 41.6%
ascon-sign-128f-robust ref 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
ascon-sign-128f-simple ref 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
ascon-sign-128s-robust ref 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
ascon-sign-128s-simple ref 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
ascon-sign-192f-robust ref 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
ascon-sign-192f-simple ref 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
ascon-sign-192s-robust ref 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
ascon-sign-192s-simple ref 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
biscuit128f ref 54.3% 9.7% 8.9%
biscuit192f ref 54.0% 6.0% 5.5%
biscuit256f ref 54.0% 4.4% 4.2%
cross-sha2-r-sdp-1-fast ref 90.2% 86.3% 91.0%
cross-sha2-r-sdp-3-fast ref 86.5% 79.8% 81.7%
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-1-fast ref 92.9% 90.9% 92.1%
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-1-small ref 92.9% 90.6% 92.9%
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-3-fast ref 90.5% 87.2% 86.9%
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-5-fast ref 88.0% 83.0% 82.4%
cross-sha3-r-sdp-1-fast ref 67.1% 61.2% 72.0%
cross-sha3-r-sdp-3-fast ref 67.7% 57.5% 62.4%
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-1-fast ref 71.8% 74.8% 77.1%
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-1-small ref 71.8% 74.7% 78.4%
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-3-fast ref 71.7% 68.2% 68.7%
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-5-fast ref 71.1% 66.1% 66.8%
dilithium2 clean 61.0% 30.9% 52.9%
dilithium2 m4f 79.9% 60.6% 76.8%
dilithium2 m4fstack 74.8% 55.2% 40.8%
dilithium3 clean 64.7% 31.3% 56.8%
dilithium3 m4f 82.3% 61.4% 79.4%
dilithium3 m4fstack 77.1% 54.6% 41.0%
dilithium5 clean 67.0% 35.7% 61.1%
dilithium5 m4f 83.5% 65.0% 81.7%
dilithium5 m4fstack 76.1% 54.5% 42.6%
falcon-1024 clean 6.5% 0.3% 23.7%
falcon-1024 m4-ct 7.4% 0.4% 32.4%
falcon-1024 opt-ct 11.7% 0.4% 32.2%
falcon-1024 opt-leaktime 12.3% 0.5% 32.4%
falcon-1024-tree opt-ct 5.2% 0.9% 32.3%
falcon-1024-tree opt-leaktime 11.9% 0.9% 32.4%
falcon-512 clean 10.9% 0.4% 26.0%
falcon-512 m4-ct 15.3% 0.5% 34.3%
falcon-512 opt-ct 17.2% 0.5% 33.6%
falcon-512 opt-leaktime 16.0% 0.5% 33.8%
falcon-512-tree m4-ct 18.4% 1.1% 33.9%
falcon-512-tree opt-ct 14.5% 1.1% 33.9%
falcon-512-tree opt-leaktime 18.7% 1.0% 33.9%
haetae2 m4f 12.4% 56.7% 54.1%
haetae2 ref 10.6% 42.4% 45.1%
haetae3 m4f 14.6% 56.6% 57.1%
haetae3 ref 14.4% 42.4% 50.3%
haetae5 m4f 15.7% 56.6% 57.5%
haetae5 ref 15.7% 42.8% 54.3%
hawk1024 ref 1.7% 49.3% 8.3%
hawk256 ref 32.8% 54.6% 10.7%
hawk512 ref 2.6% 48.7% 8.6%
mayo1 m4f 59.5% 35.0% 63.0%
mayo1 ref 39.1% 17.7% 49.6%
mayo2 m4f 35.2% 35.5% 81.2%
mayo2 ref 22.8% 18.1% 75.8%
mayo3 m4f 55.4% 32.6% 62.2%
meds13220 ref 2.5% 5.1% 4.8%
meds55604 ref 1.6% 3.0% 2.9%
mirith_IIIa_fast ref 64.3% 6.7% 6.5%
mirith_IIIb_fast ref 64.5% 4.7% 4.6%
mirith_Ia_fast ref 61.4% 10.1% 9.7%
mirith_Ib_fast ref 61.2% 6.6% 6.4%
mirith_Va_fast ref 64.8% 4.3% 4.4%
mirith_Vb_fast ref 64.5% 3.1% 3.2%
mirith_hypercube_IIIa_fast ref 64.3% 18.7% 17.1%
mirith_hypercube_IIIa_short ref 64.3% 54.7% 56.1%
mirith_hypercube_IIIb_fast ref 64.5% 13.7% 12.4%
mirith_hypercube_IIIb_short ref 64.5% 47.3% 48.4%
mirith_hypercube_Ia_fast opt 78.1% 51.5% 49.1%
mirith_hypercube_Ia_fast ref 61.4% 26.7% 24.3%
mirith_hypercube_Ia_short ref 61.4% 66.7% 67.1%
mirith_hypercube_Ib_fast opt 79.5% 44.8% 42.3%
mirith_hypercube_Ib_fast ref 61.2% 18.7% 17.0%
mirith_hypercube_Ib_short ref 61.2% 56.6% 56.8%
mirith_hypercube_Va_fast ref 64.8% 13.4% 12.3%
mirith_hypercube_Vb_fast ref 64.5% 11.0% 10.1%
mqom_cat1_gf251_fast ref 73.5% 33.0% 33.1%
mqom_cat1_gf31_fast ref 64.6% 19.8% 19.2%
ov-Ip m4f 7.5% 0.9% 1.1%
ov-Ip ref 3.0% 0.3% 0.9%
ov-Ip-pkc m4fspeed 6.4% 0.9% 81.5%
ov-Ip-pkc m4fstack 6.4% 0.9% 81.4%
ov-Ip-pkc ref 3.0% 0.3% 80.0%
ov-Ip-pkc-skc m4fspeed 6.4% 12.5% 81.7%
ov-Ip-pkc-skc m4fstack 6.4% 12.5% 81.4%
ov-Ip-pkc-skc ref 3.0% 4.7% 80.7%
perk-128-fast-3 m4 68.9% 67.0% 71.6%
perk-128-fast-3 ref 58.8% 28.4% 61.5%
perk-128-fast-5 m4 62.8% 65.8% 70.6%
perk-128-fast-5 ref 50.5% 27.2% 60.1%
perk-128-short-3 m4 68.8% 65.7% 69.8%
perk-128-short-5 m4 62.7% 64.6% 68.6%
perk-192-fast-3 m4 73.2% 67.4% 72.2%
perk-192-fast-5 m4 67.7% 66.5% 71.3%
perk-192-short-3 m4 73.3% 64.3% 66.1%
perk-192-short-5 m4 67.5% 63.3% 64.8%
perk-256-fast-3 m4 74.4% 69.9% 74.9%
perk-256-fast-5 m4 68.2% 69.1% 74.1%
perk-256-short-3 m4 74.1% 65.0% 65.5%
perk-256-short-5 m4 68.3% 63.7% 64.0%
snova-24-5-16-4-esk ref 12.2% 0.0% 3.4%
snova-24-5-16-4-ssk ref 12.2% 1.9% 3.4%
snova-25-8-16-3-esk ref 9.6% 0.1% 8.0%
snova-25-8-16-3-ssk ref 9.7% 3.5% 8.0%
snova-28-17-16-2-esk ref 10.6% 0.2% 28.1%
snova-28-17-16-2-ssk ref 10.6% 10.7% 28.1%
snova-37-8-16-4-ssk ref 8.8% 2.0% 3.4%
sphincs-a-sha2-128f ref 43.3% 86.6% 48.2%
sphincs-a-sha2-128s ref 72.9% 88.3% 11.7%
sphincs-a-sha2-192f ref 57.5% 88.3% 46.0%
sphincs-a-shake-128f ref 72.3% 96.2% 76.0%
sphincs-a-shake-128s ref 90.9% 96.9% 31.8%
sphincs-a-shake-192f ref 82.6% 96.5% 70.7%
sphincs-sha2-128f-simple clean 90.8% 90.7% 90.6%
sphincs-sha2-128s-simple clean 90.8% 90.7% 90.4%
sphincs-sha2-192f-simple clean 90.2% 90.8% 90.7%
sphincs-sha2-192s-simple clean 90.3% 91.1% 91.5%
sphincs-sha2-256f-simple clean 90.2% 90.7% 90.9%
sphincs-sha2-256s-simple clean 90.2% 91.3% 91.3%
sphincs-shake-128f-simple clean 97.6% 97.6% 97.5%
sphincs-shake-128s-simple clean 97.6% 97.6% 97.5%
sphincs-shake-192f-simple clean 97.5% 97.4% 97.4%
sphincs-shake-192s-simple clean 97.5% 97.4% 97.4%
sphincs-shake-256f-simple clean 97.5% 97.4% 97.4%
sphincs-shake-256s-simple clean 97.5% 97.3% 97.4%

Size Evaluation

Key Encapsulation Schemes

Scheme Implementation .text [bytes] .data [bytes] .bss [bytes] Total [bytes]
bikel1 m4f 181,088 24 49 181,161
bikel1 opt 34,451 24 1 34,476
bikel3 m4f 198,034 24 49 198,107
bikel3 opt 43,091 24 1 43,116
hqc-128 clean 18,628 0 0 18,628
hqc-192 clean 21,104 0 0 21,104
hqc-256 clean 26,260 0 0 26,260
kyber1024 clean 6,296 0 0 6,296
kyber1024 m4fspeed 16,912 0 0 16,912
kyber1024 m4fstack 14,120 0 0 14,120
kyber512 clean 5,164 0 0 5,164
kyber512 m4fspeed 15,824 0 0 15,824
kyber512 m4fstack 13,308 0 0 13,308
kyber768 clean 5,168 0 0 5,168
kyber768 m4fspeed 15,992 0 0 15,992
kyber768 m4fstack 13,316 0 0 13,316

Signature Schemes

Scheme Implementation .text [bytes] .data [bytes] .bss [bytes] Total [bytes]
aimer-l1-param1 ref 19,302 468 0 19,770
aimer-l1-param2 ref 19,894 468 0 20,362
aimer-l3-param1 ref 23,398 468 0 23,866
ascon-sign-128f-robust ref 17,664 0 0 17,664
ascon-sign-128f-simple ref 17,596 0 0 17,596
ascon-sign-128s-robust ref 17,972 0 0 17,972
ascon-sign-128s-simple ref 17,904 0 0 17,904
ascon-sign-192f-robust ref 17,960 0 0 17,960
ascon-sign-192f-simple ref 17,912 0 0 17,912
ascon-sign-192s-robust ref 18,472 0 0 18,472
ascon-sign-192s-simple ref 18,424 0 0 18,424
biscuit128f ref 7,580 0 0 7,580
biscuit192f ref 7,780 0 0 7,780
biscuit256f ref 8,216 0 0 8,216
cross-sha2-r-sdp-1-fast ref 14,244 0 104 14,348
cross-sha2-r-sdp-3-fast ref 14,744 0 128 14,872
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-1-fast ref 18,409 0 104 18,513
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-1-small ref 18,674 0 104 18,778
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-3-fast ref 19,609 0 128 19,737
cross-sha2-r-sdpg-5-fast ref 18,669 0 152 18,821
cross-sha3-r-sdp-1-fast ref 14,472 0 208 14,680
cross-sha3-r-sdp-3-fast ref 14,884 0 208 15,092
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-1-fast ref 18,605 0 208 18,813
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-1-small ref 18,846 0 208 19,054
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-3-fast ref 19,689 0 208 19,897
cross-sha3-r-sdpg-5-fast ref 18,593 0 208 18,801
dilithium2 clean 8,064 0 0 8,064
dilithium2 m4f 18,596 0 0 18,596
dilithium2 m4fstack 24,184 0 0 24,184
dilithium3 clean 7,580 0 0 7,580
dilithium3 m4f 18,588 0 0 18,588
dilithium3 m4fstack 23,448 0 0 23,448
dilithium5 clean 7,808 0 0 7,808
dilithium5 m4f 18,468 0 0 18,468
dilithium5 m4fstack 23,820 0 0 23,820
falcon-1024 clean 82,647 0 0 82,647
falcon-1024 m4-ct 81,825 0 79,872 161,697
falcon-1024 opt-ct 81,825 0 79,872 161,697
falcon-1024 opt-leaktime 75,429 0 79,872 155,301
falcon-1024-tree opt-ct 81,569 0 55,296 136,865
falcon-1024-tree opt-leaktime 75,173 0 55,296 130,469
falcon-512 clean 82,611 0 0 82,611
falcon-512 m4-ct 81,825 0 39,936 121,761
falcon-512 opt-ct 81,825 0 39,936 121,761
falcon-512 opt-leaktime 75,429 0 39,936 115,365
falcon-512-tree m4-ct 81,569 0 27,648 109,217
falcon-512-tree opt-ct 81,569 0 27,648 109,217
falcon-512-tree opt-leaktime 75,173 0 27,648 102,821
haetae2 m4f 35,708 0 0 35,708
haetae2 ref 25,568 0 0 25,568
haetae3 m4f 35,936 0 0 35,936
haetae3 ref 25,980 0 0 25,980
haetae5 m4f 35,692 0 0 35,692
haetae5 ref 25,688 0 0 25,688
hawk1024 ref 102,031 0 0 102,031
hawk256 ref 102,015 0 0 102,015
hawk512 ref 102,027 0 0 102,027
mayo1 m4f 19,300 8 0 19,308
mayo1 ref 26,436 8 0 26,444
mayo2 m4f 17,292 8 0 17,300
mayo2 ref 24,404 8 0 24,412
mayo3 m4f 23,612 8 0 23,620
meds13220 ref 16,844 0 0 16,844
meds55604 ref 9,012 0 0 9,012
mirith_IIIa_fast ref 7,720 256 0 7,976
mirith_IIIb_fast ref 7,760 256 0 8,016
mirith_Ia_fast ref 7,610 256 0 7,866
mirith_Ib_fast ref 7,602 256 0 7,858
mirith_Va_fast ref 7,890 256 0 8,146
mirith_Vb_fast ref 7,914 256 0 8,170
mirith_hypercube_IIIa_fast ref 8,966 256 0 9,222
mirith_hypercube_IIIa_short ref 9,139 256 0 9,395
mirith_hypercube_IIIb_fast ref 9,002 256 0 9,258
mirith_hypercube_IIIb_short ref 9,159 256 0 9,415
mirith_hypercube_Ia_fast opt 10,932 0 0 10,932
mirith_hypercube_Ia_fast ref 8,844 256 0 9,100
mirith_hypercube_Ia_short ref 8,781 256 0 9,037
mirith_hypercube_Ib_fast opt 10,908 0 0 10,908
mirith_hypercube_Ib_fast ref 8,820 256 0 9,076
mirith_hypercube_Ib_short ref 8,825 256 0 9,081
mirith_hypercube_Va_fast ref 9,140 256 0 9,396
mirith_hypercube_Vb_fast ref 9,160 256 0 9,416
mqom_cat1_gf251_fast ref 16,865 0 0 16,865
mqom_cat1_gf31_fast ref 23,718 0 0 23,718
ov-Ip m4f 118,939 0 0 118,939
ov-Ip ref 29,215 0 0 29,215
ov-Ip-pkc m4fspeed 119,131 0 0 119,131
ov-Ip-pkc m4fstack 119,059 0 0 119,059
ov-Ip-pkc ref 29,423 0 0 29,423
ov-Ip-pkc-skc m4fspeed 119,175 0 0 119,175
ov-Ip-pkc-skc m4fstack 119,103 0 0 119,103
ov-Ip-pkc-skc ref 29,467 0 0 29,467
perk-128-fast-3 m4 13,421 4 0 13,425
perk-128-fast-3 ref 11,053 4 0 11,057
perk-128-fast-5 m4 13,493 4 0 13,497
perk-128-fast-5 ref 11,129 4 0 11,133
perk-128-short-3 m4 26,313 4 0 26,317
perk-128-short-5 m4 26,461 4 0 26,465
perk-192-fast-3 m4 12,253 4 0 12,257
perk-192-fast-5 m4 12,277 4 0 12,281
perk-192-short-3 m4 24,189 4 0 24,193
perk-192-short-5 m4 24,913 4 0 24,917
perk-256-fast-3 m4 12,337 4 0 12,341
perk-256-fast-5 m4 12,337 4 0 12,341
perk-256-short-3 m4 31,905 4 0 31,909
perk-256-short-5 m4 32,989 4 0 32,993
snova-24-5-16-4-esk ref 52,132 0 336 52,468
snova-24-5-16-4-ssk ref 52,132 0 336 52,468
snova-25-8-16-3-esk ref 28,240 0 299 28,539
snova-25-8-16-3-ssk ref 28,240 0 299 28,539
snova-28-17-16-2-esk ref 16,436 0 280 16,716
snova-28-17-16-2-ssk ref 16,436 0 280 16,716
snova-37-8-16-4-ssk ref 52,440 0 336 52,776
sphincs-a-sha2-128f ref 6,343 0 0 6,343
sphincs-a-sha2-128s ref 6,899 0 0 6,899
sphincs-a-sha2-192f ref 6,867 0 0 6,867
sphincs-a-shake-128f ref 5,552 0 0 5,552
sphincs-a-shake-128s ref 6,108 0 0 6,108
sphincs-a-shake-192f ref 5,916 0 0 5,916
sphincs-sha2-128f-simple clean 4,956 0 0 4,956
sphincs-sha2-128s-simple clean 5,264 0 0 5,264
sphincs-sha2-192f-simple clean 5,444 0 0 5,444
sphincs-sha2-192s-simple clean 5,968 0 0 5,968
sphincs-sha2-256f-simple clean 5,728 0 0 5,728
sphincs-sha2-256s-simple clean 6,084 0 0 6,084
sphincs-shake-128f-simple clean 4,184 0 0 4,184
sphincs-shake-128s-simple clean 4,492 0 0 4,492
sphincs-shake-192f-simple clean 4,472 0 0 4,472
sphincs-shake-192s-simple clean 4,984 0 0 4,984
sphincs-shake-256f-simple clean 4,720 0 0 4,720
sphincs-shake-256s-simple clean 5,076 0 0 5,076