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firepwd.py
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firepwd.py
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'''
decode Firefox passwords (https://github.com/lclevy/firepwd)
lclevy@free.fr
28 Aug 2013: initial version, Oct 2016: support for logins.json, Feb 2018: support for key4.db,
Apr2020: support for NSS 3.49 / Firefox 75.0 : https://hg.mozilla.org/projects/nss/rev/fc636973ad06392d11597620b602779b4af312f6
for educational purpose only, not production level
integrated into https://github.com/AlessandroZ/LaZagne
tested with python 3.7.3, PyCryptodome 3.9.0 and pyasn 0.4.8
key3.db is read directly, the 3rd party bsddb python module is NOT needed
NSS library is NOT needed
profile directory under Win10 is C:\\Users\\[user]\\AppData\\Roaming\\Mozilla\\Firefox\\Profiles\\[profile_name]
'''
from struct import unpack
import sys
from binascii import hexlify, unhexlify
import sqlite3
from base64 import b64decode
#https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyasn1/
from pyasn1.codec.der import decoder
from hashlib import sha1, pbkdf2_hmac
import hmac
from Crypto.Cipher import DES3, AES
from Crypto.Util.number import long_to_bytes
from Crypto.Util.Padding import unpad
from optparse import OptionParser
import json
from pathlib import Path
def getShortLE(d, a):
return unpack('<H',(d)[a:a+2])[0]
def getLongBE(d, a):
return unpack('>L',(d)[a:a+4])[0]
#minimal 'ASN1 to string' function for displaying Key3.db and key4.db contents
asn1Types = { 0x30: 'SEQUENCE', 4:'OCTETSTRING', 6:'OBJECTIDENTIFIER', 2: 'INTEGER', 5:'NULL' }
#http://oid-info.com/get/1.2.840.113549.2.9
oidValues = { b'2a864886f70d010c050103': '1.2.840.113549.1.12.5.1.3 pbeWithSha1AndTripleDES-CBC',
b'2a864886f70d0307':'1.2.840.113549.3.7 des-ede3-cbc',
b'2a864886f70d010101':'1.2.840.113549.1.1.1 pkcs-1',
b'2a864886f70d01050d':'1.2.840.113549.1.5.13 pkcs5 pbes2',
b'2a864886f70d01050c':'1.2.840.113549.1.5.12 pkcs5 PBKDF2',
b'2a864886f70d0209':'1.2.840.113549.2.9 hmacWithSHA256',
b'60864801650304012a':'2.16.840.1.101.3.4.1.42 aes256-CBC'
}
def printASN1(d, l, rl):
type = d[0]
length = d[1]
if length&0x80 > 0: #http://luca.ntop.org/Teaching/Appunti/asn1.html,
nByteLength = length&0x7f
length = d[2]
#Long form. Two to 127 octets. Bit 8 of first octet has value "1" and bits 7-1 give the number of additional length octets.
skip=1
else:
skip=0
#print ('%x:%x' % ( type, length ))
print (' '*rl, asn1Types[ type ],end=' ')
if type==0x30:
print ('{')
seqLen = length
readLen = 0
while seqLen>0:
#print(seqLen, hexlify(d[2+readLen:]))
len2 = printASN1(d[2+skip+readLen:], seqLen, rl+1)
#print('l2=%x' % len2)
seqLen = seqLen - len2
readLen = readLen + len2
print (' '*rl,'}')
return length+2
elif type==6: #OID
oidVal = hexlify(d[2:2+length])
if oidVal in oidValues:
#print ( hexlify(d[2:2+length]) )
print (oidValues[ hexlify(d[2:2+length]) ])
else:
print('oid? ', oidVal)
return length+2
elif type==4: #OCTETSTRING
print (hexlify( d[2:2+length] ))
return length+2
elif type==5: #NULL
print (0)
return length+2
elif type==2: #INTEGER
print (hexlify( d[2:2+length] ))
return length+2
else:
if length==l-2:
printASN1( d[2:], length, rl+1)
return length
#extract records from a BSD DB 1.85, hash mode
#obsolete with Firefox 58.0.2 and NSS 3.35, as key4.db (SQLite) is used
def readBsddb(name):
f = open(name,'rb')
#http://download.oracle.com/berkeley-db/db.1.85.tar.gz
header = f.read(4*15)
magic = getLongBE(header,0)
if magic != 0x61561:
print ('bad magic number')
sys.exit()
version = getLongBE(header,4)
if version !=2:
print ('bad version, !=2 (1.85)')
sys.exit()
pagesize = getLongBE(header,12)
nkeys = getLongBE(header,0x38)
if options.verbose>1:
print ('pagesize=0x%x' % pagesize)
print ('nkeys=%d' % nkeys)
readkeys = 0
page = 1
nval = 0
val = 1
db1 = []
while (readkeys < nkeys):
f.seek(pagesize*page)
offsets = f.read((nkeys+1)* 4 +2)
offsetVals = []
i=0
nval = 0
val = 1
keys = 0
while nval != val :
keys +=1
key = getShortLE(offsets,2+i)
val = getShortLE(offsets,4+i)
nval = getShortLE(offsets,8+i)
#print 'key=0x%x, val=0x%x' % (key, val)
offsetVals.append(key+ pagesize*page)
offsetVals.append(val+ pagesize*page)
readkeys += 1
i += 4
offsetVals.append(pagesize*(page+1))
valKey = sorted(offsetVals)
for i in range( keys*2 ):
#print '%x %x' % (valKey[i], valKey[i+1])
f.seek(valKey[i])
data = f.read(valKey[i+1] - valKey[i])
db1.append(data)
page += 1
#print 'offset=0x%x' % (page*pagesize)
f.close()
db = {}
for i in range( 0, len(db1), 2):
db[ db1[i+1] ] = db1[ i ]
if options.verbose>1:
for i in db:
print ('%s: %s' % ( repr(i), hexlify(db[i]) ))
return db
def decryptMoz3DES( globalSalt, masterPassword, entrySalt, encryptedData ):
#see http://www.drh-consultancy.demon.co.uk/key3.html
hp = sha1( globalSalt+masterPassword ).digest()
pes = entrySalt + b'\x00'*(20-len(entrySalt))
chp = sha1( hp+entrySalt ).digest()
k1 = hmac.new(chp, pes+entrySalt, sha1).digest()
tk = hmac.new(chp, pes, sha1).digest()
k2 = hmac.new(chp, tk+entrySalt, sha1).digest()
k = k1+k2
iv = k[-8:]
key = k[:24]
if options.verbose>0:
print ('key= %s, iv=%s' % ( hexlify(key), hexlify(iv) ) )
return DES3.new( key, DES3.MODE_CBC, iv).decrypt(encryptedData)
def decodeLoginData(data):
'''
SEQUENCE {
OCTETSTRING b'f8000000000000000000000000000001'
SEQUENCE {
OBJECTIDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.3.7 des-ede3-cbc
OCTETSTRING iv 8 bytes
}
OCTETSTRING encrypted
}
'''
asn1data = decoder.decode(b64decode(data)) #first base64 decoding, then ASN1DERdecode
key_id = asn1data[0][0].asOctets()
iv = asn1data[0][1][1].asOctets()
ciphertext = asn1data[0][2].asOctets()
return key_id, iv, ciphertext
def getLoginData():
logins = []
sqlite_file = options.directory / 'signons.sqlite'
json_file = options.directory / 'logins.json'
if json_file.exists(): #since Firefox 32, json is used instead of sqlite3
loginf = open( json_file, 'r').read()
jsonLogins = json.loads(loginf)
if 'logins' not in jsonLogins:
print ('error: no \'logins\' key in logins.json')
return []
for row in jsonLogins['logins']:
encUsername = row['encryptedUsername']
encPassword = row['encryptedPassword']
logins.append( (decodeLoginData(encUsername), decodeLoginData(encPassword), row['hostname']) )
return logins
elif sqlite_file.exists(): #firefox < 32
print('sqlite')
conn = sqlite3.connect(sqlite_file)
c = conn.cursor()
c.execute("SELECT * FROM moz_logins;")
for row in c:
encUsername = row[6]
encPassword = row[7]
if options.verbose>1:
print (row[1], encUsername, encPassword)
logins.append( (decodeLoginData(encUsername), decodeLoginData(encPassword), row[1]) )
return logins
else:
print('missing logins.json or signons.sqlite')
CKA_ID = unhexlify('f8000000000000000000000000000001')
def extractSecretKey(masterPassword, keyData): #3DES
#see http://www.drh-consultancy.demon.co.uk/key3.html
pwdCheck = keyData[b'password-check']
entrySaltLen = pwdCheck[1]
entrySalt = pwdCheck[3: 3+entrySaltLen]
encryptedPasswd = pwdCheck[-16:]
globalSalt = keyData[b'global-salt']
if options.verbose>1:
print ('password-check=%s'% hexlify(pwdCheck))
print ('entrySalt=%s' % hexlify(entrySalt))
print ('globalSalt=%s' % hexlify(globalSalt))
cleartextData = decryptMoz3DES( globalSalt, masterPassword, entrySalt, encryptedPasswd )
if cleartextData != b'password-check\x02\x02':
print ('password check error, Master Password is certainly used, please provide it with -p option')
sys.exit()
if CKA_ID not in keyData:
return None
privKeyEntry = keyData[ CKA_ID ]
saltLen = privKeyEntry[1]
nameLen = privKeyEntry[2]
#print 'saltLen=%d nameLen=%d' % (saltLen, nameLen)
privKeyEntryASN1 = decoder.decode( privKeyEntry[3+saltLen+nameLen:] )
data = privKeyEntry[3+saltLen+nameLen:]
printASN1(data, len(data), 0)
#see https://github.com/philsmd/pswRecovery4Moz/blob/master/pswRecovery4Moz.txt
'''
SEQUENCE {
SEQUENCE {
OBJECTIDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.12.5.1.3 pbeWithSha1AndTripleDES-CBC
SEQUENCE {
OCTETSTRING entrySalt
INTEGER 01
}
}
OCTETSTRING privKeyData
}
'''
entrySalt = privKeyEntryASN1[0][0][1][0].asOctets()
privKeyData = privKeyEntryASN1[0][1].asOctets()
privKey = decryptMoz3DES( globalSalt, masterPassword, entrySalt, privKeyData )
print ('decrypting privKeyData')
if options.verbose>0:
print ('entrySalt=%s' % hexlify(entrySalt))
print ('privKeyData=%s' % hexlify(privKeyData))
print ('decrypted=%s' % hexlify(privKey))
printASN1(privKey, len(privKey), 0)
'''
SEQUENCE {
INTEGER 00
SEQUENCE {
OBJECTIDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.1 pkcs-1
NULL 0
}
OCTETSTRING prKey seq
}
'''
privKeyASN1 = decoder.decode( privKey )
prKey= privKeyASN1[0][2].asOctets()
print ('decoding %s' % hexlify(prKey))
printASN1(prKey, len(prKey), 0)
'''
SEQUENCE {
INTEGER 00
INTEGER 00f8000000000000000000000000000001
INTEGER 00
INTEGER 3DES_private_key
INTEGER 00
INTEGER 00
INTEGER 00
INTEGER 00
INTEGER 15
}
'''
prKeyASN1 = decoder.decode( prKey )
id = prKeyASN1[0][1]
key = long_to_bytes( prKeyASN1[0][3] )
if options.verbose>0:
print ('key=%s' % ( hexlify(key) ))
return key
def decryptPBE(decodedItem, masterPassword, globalSalt):
pbeAlgo = str(decodedItem[0][0][0])
if pbeAlgo == '1.2.840.113549.1.12.5.1.3': #pbeWithSha1AndTripleDES-CBC
"""
SEQUENCE {
SEQUENCE {
OBJECTIDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.12.5.1.3
SEQUENCE {
OCTETSTRING entry_salt
INTEGER 01
}
}
OCTETSTRING encrypted
}
"""
entrySalt = decodedItem[0][0][1][0].asOctets()
cipherT = decodedItem[0][1].asOctets()
print('entrySalt:',hexlify(entrySalt))
key = decryptMoz3DES( globalSalt, masterPassword, entrySalt, cipherT )
print(hexlify(key))
return key[:24], pbeAlgo
elif pbeAlgo == '1.2.840.113549.1.5.13': #pkcs5 pbes2
#https://phabricator.services.mozilla.com/rNSSfc636973ad06392d11597620b602779b4af312f6
'''
SEQUENCE {
SEQUENCE {
OBJECTIDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.5.13 pkcs5 pbes2
SEQUENCE {
SEQUENCE {
OBJECTIDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.5.12 pkcs5 PBKDF2
SEQUENCE {
OCTETSTRING 32 bytes, entrySalt
INTEGER 01
INTEGER 20
SEQUENCE {
OBJECTIDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.2.9 hmacWithSHA256
}
}
}
SEQUENCE {
OBJECTIDENTIFIER 2.16.840.1.101.3.4.1.42 aes256-CBC
OCTETSTRING 14 bytes, iv
}
}
}
OCTETSTRING encrypted
}
'''
assert str(decodedItem[0][0][1][0][0]) == '1.2.840.113549.1.5.12'
assert str(decodedItem[0][0][1][0][1][3][0]) == '1.2.840.113549.2.9'
assert str(decodedItem[0][0][1][1][0]) == '2.16.840.1.101.3.4.1.42'
# https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8018#page-23
entrySalt = decodedItem[0][0][1][0][1][0].asOctets()
iterationCount = int(decodedItem[0][0][1][0][1][1])
keyLength = int(decodedItem[0][0][1][0][1][2])
assert keyLength == 32
k = sha1(globalSalt+masterPassword).digest()
key = pbkdf2_hmac('sha256', k, entrySalt, iterationCount, dklen=keyLength)
iv = b'\x04\x0e'+decodedItem[0][0][1][1][1].asOctets() #https://hg.mozilla.org/projects/nss/rev/fc636973ad06392d11597620b602779b4af312f6#l6.49
# 04 is OCTETSTRING, 0x0e is length == 14
cipherT = decodedItem[0][1].asOctets()
clearText = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CBC, iv).decrypt(cipherT)
print('clearText', hexlify(clearText))
return clearText, pbeAlgo
def getKey( masterPassword, directory ):
if (directory / 'key4.db').exists():
conn = sqlite3.connect(directory / 'key4.db') #firefox 58.0.2 / NSS 3.35 with key4.db in SQLite
c = conn.cursor()
#first check password
c.execute("SELECT item1,item2 FROM metadata WHERE id = 'password';")
row = c.fetchone()
globalSalt = row[0] #item1
print('globalSalt:',hexlify(globalSalt))
item2 = row[1]
printASN1(item2, len(item2), 0)
decodedItem2 = decoder.decode( item2 )
clearText, algo = decryptPBE( decodedItem2, masterPassword, globalSalt )
print ('password check?', clearText==b'password-check\x02\x02')
if clearText == b'password-check\x02\x02':
c.execute("SELECT a11,a102 FROM nssPrivate;")
for row in c:
if row[0] != None:
break
a11 = row[0] #CKA_VALUE
a102 = row[1]
if a102 == CKA_ID:
printASN1( a11, len(a11), 0)
decoded_a11 = decoder.decode( a11 )
#decrypt master key
clearText, algo = decryptPBE( decoded_a11, masterPassword, globalSalt )
return clearText[:24], algo
else:
print('no saved login/password')
return None, None
elif (directory / 'key3.db').exists():
keyData = readBsddb(directory / 'key3.db')
key = extractSecretKey(masterPassword, keyData)
return key, '1.2.840.113549.1.12.5.1.3'
else:
print('cannot find key4.db or key3.db')
return None, None
parser = OptionParser(usage="usage: %prog [options]")
parser.add_option("-v", "--verbose", type="int", dest="verbose", help="verbose level", default=0)
parser.add_option("-p", "--password", type="string", dest="masterPassword", help="masterPassword", default='')
parser.add_option("-d", "--dir", type="string", dest="directory", help="directory", default='')
(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
options.directory = Path(options.directory)
key, algo = getKey( options.masterPassword.encode(), options.directory )
if key==None:
sys.exit()
#print(hexlify(key))
logins = getLoginData()
if len(logins)==0:
print ('no stored passwords')
else:
print ('decrypting login/password pairs' )
if algo == '1.2.840.113549.1.12.5.1.3' or algo == '1.2.840.113549.1.5.13':
for i in logins:
assert i[0][0] == CKA_ID
print ('%20s:' % (i[2]),end='') #site URL
iv = i[0][1]
ciphertext = i[0][2]
print ( unpad( DES3.new( key, DES3.MODE_CBC, iv).decrypt(ciphertext),8 ), end=',')
iv = i[1][1]
ciphertext = i[1][2]
print ( unpad( DES3.new( key, DES3.MODE_CBC, iv).decrypt(ciphertext),8 ) )