diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 4a0743aeea4..1ce6cd87336 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 
 ## master (unreleased)
 
+### New features
+
+* New option `--cache-root` and support for the `RUBOCOP_CACHE_ROOT` environment variable. Both can be used to override the `AllCops: CacheRootDirectory` config, especially in a CI setting. ([@sascha-wolf][])
+
 ### Bug fixes
 
 * [#8627](https://github.com/rubocop-hq/rubocop/issues/8627): Fix a false positive for `Lint/DuplicateRequire` when same feature argument but different require method. ([@koic][])
@@ -4837,3 +4841,4 @@
 [@Lykos]: https://github.com/Lykos
 [@jaimerave]: https://github.com/jaimerave
 [@Skipants]: https://github.com/Skipants
+[@sascha-wolf]: https://github.com/sascha-wolf
diff --git a/config/default.yml b/config/default.yml
index 71e4a20a5e6..ddcaa3ddc05 100644
--- a/config/default.yml
+++ b/config/default.yml
@@ -117,6 +117,8 @@ AllCops:
   # CacheRootDirectory is ~ (nil), which it is by default, the root will be
   # taken from the environment variable `$XDG_CACHE_HOME` if it is set, or if
   # `$XDG_CACHE_HOME` is not set, it will be `$HOME/.cache/`.
+  # The CacheRootDirectory can be overwritten by passing the `--cache-root` command 
+  # line option or by setting `$RUBOCOP_CACHE_ROOT` environment variable.
   CacheRootDirectory: ~
   # It is possible for a malicious user to know the location of RuboCop's cache
   # directory by looking at CacheRootDirectory, and create a symlink in its
diff --git a/docs/modules/ROOT/pages/usage/caching.adoc b/docs/modules/ROOT/pages/usage/caching.adoc
index a9afb4e92b2..6269ca8de44 100644
--- a/docs/modules/ROOT/pages/usage/caching.adoc
+++ b/docs/modules/ROOT/pages/usage/caching.adoc
@@ -33,13 +33,20 @@ overrides the setting.
 
 By default, the cache is stored in either
 `$XDG_CACHE_HOME/$UID/rubocop_cache` if `$XDG_CACHE_HOME` is set or in
-`$HOME/.cache/rubocop_cache/` if it's not. The configuration parameter
-`AllCops: CacheRootDirectory` can be used to set the root to a
-different path. One reason to use this option could be that there's a
-network disk where users on different machines want to have a common
-RuboCop cache. Another could be that a Continuous Integration system
-allows directories, but not a temporary directory, to be saved between
-runs.
+`$HOME/.cache/rubocop_cache/` if it's not.
+
+The root can be set to a different path in a number of ways (from
+**highest** precedence to **lowest**):
+
+* the `--cache-root` command line option
+* the `$RUBOCOP_CACHE_ROOT` environment variable
+* the `AllCops: CacheRootDirectory` configuration parameter
+
+One reason to set the cache root could be that there's a network disk
+where users on different machines want to have a common RuboCop cache.
+Another could be that a Continuous Integration system allows
+directories, but not a temporary directory, to be saved between runs,
+or that the system caches certain folders by default.
 
 == Cache Pruning
 
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/options.rb b/lib/rubocop/options.rb
index 77b1a08530b..cecfd6ac64b 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/options.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/options.rb
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ def define_options
 
         add_severity_option(opts)
         add_flags_with_optional_args(opts)
+        add_cache_options(opts)
         add_boolean_flags(opts)
         add_aliases(opts)
 
@@ -164,10 +165,16 @@ def add_flags_with_optional_args(opts)
       end
     end
 
+    def add_cache_options(opts)
+      option(opts, '-C', '--cache FLAG')
+      option(opts, '--cache-root DIR') do
+        @validator.validate_cache_enabled_for_cache_root
+      end
+    end
+
     # rubocop:disable Metrics/MethodLength, Metrics/AbcSize
     def add_boolean_flags(opts)
       option(opts, '-F', '--fail-fast')
-      option(opts, '-C', '--cache FLAG')
       option(opts, '-d', '--debug')
       option(opts, '-D', '--[no-]display-cop-names')
       option(opts, '-E', '--extra-details')
@@ -392,6 +399,13 @@ def validate_exclude_limit_option
       # of option order.
       raise OptionParser::MissingArgument
     end
+
+    def validate_cache_enabled_for_cache_root
+      return unless @options[:cache] == 'false'
+
+      raise OptionArgumentError, '--cache-root can not be used with ' \
+                                  '--cache false'
+    end
   end
 
   # This module contains help texts for command line options.
@@ -464,6 +478,10 @@ module OptionsHelp
       cache:                            ["Use result caching (FLAG=true) or don't",
                                          '(FLAG=false), default determined by',
                                          'configuration parameter AllCops: UseCache.'],
+      cache_root:                       ['Set the cache root directory.',
+                                         'Takes precedence over the configuration',
+                                         'parameter AllCops: CacheRootDirectory and',
+                                         'the $RUBOCOP_CACHE_ROOT environment variable.'],
       debug:                            'Display debug info.',
       display_cop_names:                ['Display cop names in offense messages.',
                                          'Default is true.'],
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/result_cache.rb b/lib/rubocop/result_cache.rb
index c72229cf0a5..1f85d9b59cd 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/result_cache.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/result_cache.rb
@@ -67,7 +67,8 @@ def remove_files(files, dirs, remove_count)
     end
 
     def self.cache_root(config_store)
-      root = config_store.for_pwd.for_all_cops['CacheRootDirectory']
+      root = ENV['RUBOCOP_CACHE_ROOT']
+      root ||= config_store.for_pwd.for_all_cops['CacheRootDirectory']
       root ||= if ENV.key?('XDG_CACHE_HOME')
                  # Include user ID in the path to make sure the user has write
                  # access.
@@ -82,7 +83,10 @@ def self.allow_symlinks_in_cache_location?(config_store)
       config_store.for_pwd.for_all_cops['AllowSymlinksInCacheRootDirectory']
     end
 
+    attr :path
+
     def initialize(file, team, options, config_store, cache_root = nil)
+      cache_root ||= options[:cache_root]
       cache_root ||= ResultCache.cache_root(config_store)
       @allow_symlinks_in_cache_location =
         ResultCache.allow_symlinks_in_cache_location?(config_store)
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/runner.rb b/lib/rubocop/runner.rb
index c053155a6a4..44b23ee246b 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/runner.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/runner.rb
@@ -81,7 +81,10 @@ def inspect_files(files)
       # OPTIMIZE: Calling `ResultCache.cleanup` takes time. This optimization
       # mainly targets editors that integrates RuboCop. When RuboCop is run
       # by an editor, it should be inspecting only one file.
-      ResultCache.cleanup(@config_store, @options[:debug]) if files.size > 1 && cached_run?
+      if files.size > 1 && cached_run?
+        ResultCache.cleanup(@config_store, @options[:debug], @options[:cache_root])
+      end
+
       formatter_set.finished(inspected_files.freeze)
       formatter_set.close_output_files
     end
diff --git a/spec/rubocop/options_spec.rb b/spec/rubocop/options_spec.rb
index b3cbb37750e..3b5bed02115 100644
--- a/spec/rubocop/options_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/rubocop/options_spec.rb
@@ -103,12 +103,16 @@ def abs(path)
                   --show-cops [COP1,COP2,...]  Shows the given cops, or all cops by
                                                default, and their configurations for the
                                                current directory.
-              -F, --fail-fast                  Inspect files in order of modification
-                                               time and stop after the first file
-                                               containing offenses.
               -C, --cache FLAG                 Use result caching (FLAG=true) or don't
                                                (FLAG=false), default determined by
                                                configuration parameter AllCops: UseCache.
+                  --cache-root DIR             Set the cache root directory.
+                                               Takes precedence over the configuration
+                                               parameter AllCops: CacheRootDirectory and
+                                               the $RUBOCOP_CACHE_ROOT environment variable.
+              -F, --fail-fast                  Inspect files in order of modification
+                                               time and stop after the first file
+                                               containing offenses.
               -d, --debug                      Display debug info.
               -D, --[no-]display-cop-names     Display cop names in offense messages.
                                                Default is true.
@@ -297,6 +301,22 @@ def abs(path)
       end
     end
 
+    describe '--cache-root' do
+      it 'fails if no argument is given' do
+        expect { options.parse %w[--cache-root] }
+          .to raise_error(OptionParser::MissingArgument)
+      end
+
+      it 'fails if also `--cache false` is given' do
+        expect { options.parse %w[--cache false --cache-root /some/dir] }
+          .to raise_error(RuboCop::OptionArgumentError)
+      end
+
+      it 'accepts a path as argument' do
+        expect { options.parse %w[--cache-root /some/dir] }.not_to raise_error
+      end
+    end
+
     describe '--disable-uncorrectable' do
       it 'accepts together with --auto-correct' do
         expect { options.parse %w[--auto-correct --disable-uncorrectable] }
diff --git a/spec/rubocop/result_cache_spec.rb b/spec/rubocop/result_cache_spec.rb
index ece925173e2..aabed8deceb 100644
--- a/spec/rubocop/result_cache_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/rubocop/result_cache_spec.rb
@@ -212,6 +212,16 @@ def abs(path)
       end
     end
 
+    context 'when --cache-root is given' do
+      it 'takes the cache_root from the options' do
+        cache2 = described_class.new(file, team,
+                                     { cache_root: 'some/path' },
+                                     config_store)
+
+        expect(cache2.path).to start_with('some/path')
+      end
+    end
+
     context 'when --format is given' do
       let(:options2) { { format: 'simple' } }
 
@@ -382,6 +392,22 @@ def abs(path)
         cacheroot = described_class.cache_root(config_store)
         expect(cacheroot).to eq(File.join('/opt', 'rubocop_cache'))
       end
+
+      context 'and RUBOCOP_CACHE_ROOT is set' do
+        around do |example|
+          ENV['RUBOCOP_CACHE_ROOT'] = '/tmp/cache-from-env'
+          begin
+            example.run
+          ensure
+            ENV.delete('RUBOCOP_CACHE_ROOT')
+          end
+        end
+
+        it 'contains the root from RUBOCOP_CACHE_ROOT' do
+          cacheroot = described_class.cache_root(config_store)
+          expect(cacheroot).to eq(File.join('/tmp/cache-from-env', 'rubocop_cache'))
+        end
+      end
     end
   end
 end