diff --git a/changelog/fix_error_for_rescue_ensure_alignment.md b/changelog/fix_error_for_rescue_ensure_alignment.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..696466b4ec6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog/fix_error_for_rescue_ensure_alignment.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* [#10017](https://github.com/rubocop/rubocop/pull/10017): Fixan error for `Layout/RescueEnsureAlignment` when using zsuper with block. ([@koic][])
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/layout/rescue_ensure_alignment.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/layout/rescue_ensure_alignment.rb
index 276a52d81d1..ff2c1be1165 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/cop/layout/rescue_ensure_alignment.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/layout/rescue_ensure_alignment.rb
@@ -137,17 +137,18 @@ def aligned_with_line_break_method?(ancestor_node, node)
           send_node_loc = ancestor_node.send_node.loc
           do_keyword_line = ancestor_node.loc.begin.line
           rescue_keyword_column = node.loc.keyword.column
-          selector = send_node_loc.selector
+          selector = send_node_loc.respond_to?(:selector) ? send_node_loc.selector : send_node_loc
 
-          if send_node_loc.respond_to?(:dot) && (dot = send_node_loc.dot) &&
-             aligned_with_leading_dot?(do_keyword_line, dot, rescue_keyword_column)
+          if aligned_with_leading_dot?(do_keyword_line, send_node_loc, rescue_keyword_column)
             return true
           end
 
           do_keyword_line == selector.line && rescue_keyword_column == selector.column
         end
 
-        def aligned_with_leading_dot?(do_keyword_line, dot, rescue_keyword_column)
+        def aligned_with_leading_dot?(do_keyword_line, send_node_loc, rescue_keyword_column)
+          return false unless send_node_loc.respond_to?(:dot) && (dot = send_node_loc.dot)
+
           do_keyword_line == dot.line && rescue_keyword_column == dot.column
         end
 
diff --git a/spec/rubocop/cop/layout/rescue_ensure_alignment_spec.rb b/spec/rubocop/cop/layout/rescue_ensure_alignment_spec.rb
index 0882160c774..f0df363d22c 100644
--- a/spec/rubocop/cop/layout/rescue_ensure_alignment_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/rubocop/cop/layout/rescue_ensure_alignment_spec.rb
@@ -769,6 +769,37 @@ def foo
     end
   end
 
+  context 'when using zsuper with block' do
+    it 'registers and corrects an offense and corrects when incorrect alignment' do
+      expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+        super do
+          nil
+            ensure
+            ^^^^^^ `ensure` at 3, 4 is not aligned with `super do` at 1, 0.
+          nil
+        end
+      RUBY
+
+      expect_correction(<<~RUBY)
+        super do
+          nil
+        ensure
+          nil
+        end
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'does not register an offense when correct alignment' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        super do
+          nil
+        ensure
+          nil
+        end
+      RUBY
+    end
+  end
+
   describe 'excluded file', :config do
     let(:config) do
       RuboCop::Config.new('Layout/RescueEnsureAlignment' =>