http-parser.h

/* Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
 * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
 * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
 * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
 * IN THE SOFTWARE.
 */
#ifndef http_parser_h
#define http_parser_h
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

/* Also update SONAME in the Makefile whenever you change these. */
#define HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MAJOR 2
#define HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MINOR 8
#define HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_PATCH 1

#include <stddef.h>
#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__) && \
    (!defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER < 1600) && !defined(__WINE__)
#include <BaseTsd.h>
typedef __int8 int8_t;
typedef unsigned __int8 uint8_t;
typedef __int16 int16_t;
typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
typedef __int32 int32_t;
typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
typedef __int64 int64_t;
typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
#else
#include <stdint.h>
#endif

/* Compile with -DHTTP_PARSER_STRICT=0 to make less checks, but run
 * faster
 */
#ifndef HTTP_PARSER_STRICT
#define HTTP_PARSER_STRICT 1
#endif

/* Maximium header size allowed. If the macro is not defined
 * before including this header then the default is used. To
 * change the maximum header size, define the macro in the build
 * environment (e.g. -DHTTP_MAX_HEADER_SIZE=<value>). To remove
 * the effective limit on the size of the header, define the macro
 * to a very large number (e.g. -DHTTP_MAX_HEADER_SIZE=0x7fffffff)
 */
#ifndef HTTP_MAX_HEADER_SIZE
#define HTTP_MAX_HEADER_SIZE (80 * 1024)
#endif

typedef struct http_parser http_parser;
typedef struct http_parser_settings http_parser_settings;

/* Callbacks should return non-zero to indicate an error. The parser will
 * then halt execution.
 *
 * The one exception is on_headers_complete. In a HTTP_RESPONSE parser
 * returning '1' from on_headers_complete will tell the parser that it
 * should not expect a body. This is used when receiving a response to a
 * HEAD request which may contain 'Content-Length' or 'Transfer-Encoding:
 * chunked' headers that indicate the presence of a body.
 *
 * Returning `2` from on_headers_complete will tell parser that it should not
 * expect neither a body nor any futher responses on this connection. This is
 * useful for handling responses to a CONNECT request which may not contain
 * `Upgrade` or `Connection: upgrade` headers.
 *
 * http_data_cb does not return data chunks. It will be called arbitrarily
 * many times for each string. E.G. you might get 10 callbacks for "on_url"
 * each providing just a few characters more data.
 */
typedef int (*http_data_cb)(http_parser*, const char* at, size_t length);
typedef int (*http_cb)(http_parser*);

/* Status Codes */
#define HTTP_STATUS_MAP(XX)                                                 \
  XX(100, CONTINUE, Continue)                                               \
  XX(101, SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS, Switching Protocols)                         \
  XX(102, PROCESSING, Processing)                                           \
  XX(200, OK, OK)                                                           \
  XX(201, CREATED, Created)                                                 \
  XX(202, ACCEPTED, Accepted)                                               \
  XX(203, NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION, Non - Authoritative Information)   \
  XX(204, NO_CONTENT, No Content)                                           \
  XX(205, RESET_CONTENT, Reset Content)                                     \
  XX(206, PARTIAL_CONTENT, Partial Content)                                 \
  XX(207, MULTI_STATUS, Multi - Status)                                     \
  XX(208, ALREADY_REPORTED, Already Reported)                               \
  XX(226, IM_USED, IM Used)                                                 \
  XX(300, MULTIPLE_CHOICES, Multiple Choices)                               \
  XX(301, MOVED_PERMANENTLY, Moved Permanently)                             \
  XX(302, FOUND, Found)                                                     \
  XX(303, SEE_OTHER, See Other)                                             \
  XX(304, NOT_MODIFIED, Not Modified)                                       \
  XX(305, USE_PROXY, Use Proxy)                                             \
  XX(307, TEMPORARY_REDIRECT, Temporary Redirect)                           \
  XX(308, PERMANENT_REDIRECT, Permanent Redirect)                           \
  XX(400, BAD_REQUEST, Bad Request)                                         \
  XX(401, UNAUTHORIZED, Unauthorized)                                       \
  XX(402, PAYMENT_REQUIRED, Payment Required)                               \
  XX(403, FORBIDDEN, Forbidden)                                             \
  XX(404, NOT_FOUND, Not Found)                                             \
  XX(405, METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, Method Not Allowed)                           \
  XX(406, NOT_ACCEPTABLE, Not Acceptable)                                   \
  XX(407, PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED, Proxy Authentication Required)     \
  XX(408, REQUEST_TIMEOUT, Request Timeout)                                 \
  XX(409, CONFLICT, Conflict)                                               \
  XX(410, GONE, Gone)                                                       \
  XX(411, LENGTH_REQUIRED, Length Required)                                 \
  XX(412, PRECONDITION_FAILED, Precondition Failed)                         \
  XX(413, PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE, Payload Too Large)                             \
  XX(414, URI_TOO_LONG, URI Too Long)                                       \
  XX(415, UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE, Unsupported Media Type)                   \
  XX(416, RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE, Range Not Satisfiable)                     \
  XX(417, EXPECTATION_FAILED, Expectation Failed)                           \
  XX(421, MISDIRECTED_REQUEST, Misdirected Request)                         \
  XX(422, UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY, Unprocessable Entity)                       \
  XX(423, LOCKED, Locked)                                                   \
  XX(424, FAILED_DEPENDENCY, Failed Dependency)                             \
  XX(426, UPGRADE_REQUIRED, Upgrade Required)                               \
  XX(428, PRECONDITION_REQUIRED, Precondition Required)                     \
  XX(429, TOO_MANY_REQUESTS, Too Many Requests)                             \
  XX(431, REQUEST_HEADER_FIELDS_TOO_LARGE, Request Header Fields Too Large) \
  XX(451, UNAVAILABLE_FOR_LEGAL_REASONS, Unavailable For Legal Reasons)     \
  XX(500, INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, Internal Server Error)                     \
  XX(501, NOT_IMPLEMENTED, Not Implemented)                                 \
  XX(502, BAD_GATEWAY, Bad Gateway)                                         \
  XX(503, SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE, Service Unavailable)                         \
  XX(504, GATEWAY_TIMEOUT, Gateway Timeout)                                 \
  XX(505, HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED, HTTP Version Not Supported)           \
  XX(506, VARIANT_ALSO_NEGOTIATES, Variant Also Negotiates)                 \
  XX(507, INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE, Insufficient Storage)                       \
  XX(508, LOOP_DETECTED, Loop Detected)                                     \
  XX(510, NOT_EXTENDED, Not Extended)                                       \
  XX(511, NETWORK_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED, Network Authentication Required)

enum http_status {
#define XX(num, name, string) HTTP_STATUS_##name = num,
  HTTP_STATUS_MAP(XX)
#undef XX
};

/* Request Methods */
#define HTTP_METHOD_MAP(XX)        \
  XX(0, DELETE, DELETE)            \
  XX(1, GET, GET)                  \
  XX(2, HEAD, HEAD)                \
  XX(3, POST, POST)                \
  XX(4, PUT, PUT)                  \
  /* pathological */               \
  XX(5, CONNECT, CONNECT)          \
  XX(6, OPTIONS, OPTIONS)          \
  XX(7, TRACE, TRACE)              \
  /* WebDAV */                     \
  XX(8, COPY, COPY)                \
  XX(9, LOCK, LOCK)                \
  XX(10, MKCOL, MKCOL)             \
  XX(11, MOVE, MOVE)               \
  XX(12, PROPFIND, PROPFIND)       \
  XX(13, PROPPATCH, PROPPATCH)     \
  XX(14, SEARCH, SEARCH)           \
  XX(15, UNLOCK, UNLOCK)           \
  XX(16, BIND, BIND)               \
  XX(17, REBIND, REBIND)           \
  XX(18, UNBIND, UNBIND)           \
  XX(19, ACL, ACL)                 \
  /* subversion */                 \
  XX(20, REPORT, REPORT)           \
  XX(21, MKACTIVITY, MKACTIVITY)   \
  XX(22, CHECKOUT, CHECKOUT)       \
  XX(23, MERGE, MERGE)             \
  /* upnp */                       \
  XX(24, MSEARCH, M - SEARCH)      \
  XX(25, NOTIFY, NOTIFY)           \
  XX(26, SUBSCRIBE, SUBSCRIBE)     \
  XX(27, UNSUBSCRIBE, UNSUBSCRIBE) \
  /* RFC-5789 */                   \
  XX(28, PATCH, PATCH)             \
  XX(29, PURGE, PURGE)             \
  /* CalDAV */                     \
  XX(30, MKCALENDAR, MKCALENDAR)   \
  /* RFC-2068, section 19.6.1.2 */ \
  XX(31, LINK, LINK)               \
  XX(32, UNLINK, UNLINK)           \
  /* icecast */                    \
  XX(33, SOURCE, SOURCE)

enum http_method {
#define XX(num, name, string) HTTP_##name = num,
  HTTP_METHOD_MAP(XX)
#undef XX
};

enum http_parser_type { HTTP_REQUEST, HTTP_RESPONSE, HTTP_BOTH };

/* Flag values for http_parser.flags field */
enum flags {
  F_CHUNKED = 1 << 0,
  F_CONNECTION_KEEP_ALIVE = 1 << 1,
  F_CONNECTION_CLOSE = 1 << 2,
  F_CONNECTION_UPGRADE = 1 << 3,
  F_TRAILING = 1 << 4,
  F_UPGRADE = 1 << 5,
  F_SKIPBODY = 1 << 6,
  F_CONTENTLENGTH = 1 << 7
};

/* Map for errno-related constants
 *
 * The provided argument should be a macro that takes 2 arguments.
 */
#define HTTP_ERRNO_MAP(XX)                                                 \
  /* No error */                                                           \
  XX(OK, "success")                                                        \
                                                                           \
  /* Callback-related errors */                                            \
  XX(CB_message_begin, "the on_message_begin callback failed")             \
  XX(CB_url, "the on_url callback failed")                                 \
  XX(CB_header_field, "the on_header_field callback failed")               \
  XX(CB_header_value, "the on_header_value callback failed")               \
  XX(CB_headers_complete, "the on_headers_complete callback failed")       \
  XX(CB_body, "the on_body callback failed")                               \
  XX(CB_message_complete, "the on_message_complete callback failed")       \
  XX(CB_status, "the on_status callback failed")                           \
  XX(CB_chunk_header, "the on_chunk_header callback failed")               \
  XX(CB_chunk_complete, "the on_chunk_complete callback failed")           \
                                                                           \
  /* Parsing-related errors */                                             \
  XX(INVALID_EOF_STATE, "stream ended at an unexpected time")              \
  XX(HEADER_OVERFLOW, "too many header bytes seen; overflow detected")     \
  XX(CLOSED_CONNECTION,                                                    \
     "data received after completed connection: close message")            \
  XX(INVALID_VERSION, "invalid HTTP version")                              \
  XX(INVALID_STATUS, "invalid HTTP status code")                           \
  XX(INVALID_METHOD, "invalid HTTP method")                                \
  XX(INVALID_URL, "invalid URL")                                           \
  XX(INVALID_HOST, "invalid host")                                         \
  XX(INVALID_PORT, "invalid port")                                         \
  XX(INVALID_PATH, "invalid path")                                         \
  XX(INVALID_QUERY_STRING, "invalid query string")                         \
  XX(INVALID_FRAGMENT, "invalid fragment")                                 \
  XX(LF_EXPECTED, "LF character expected")                                 \
  XX(INVALID_HEADER_TOKEN, "invalid character in header")                  \
  XX(INVALID_CONTENT_LENGTH, "invalid character in content-length header") \
  XX(UNEXPECTED_CONTENT_LENGTH, "unexpected content-length header")        \
  XX(INVALID_CHUNK_SIZE, "invalid character in chunk size header")         \
  XX(INVALID_CONSTANT, "invalid constant string")                          \
  XX(INVALID_INTERNAL_STATE, "encountered unexpected internal state")      \
  XX(STRICT, "strict mode assertion failed")                               \
  XX(PAUSED, "parser is paused")                                           \
  XX(UNKNOWN, "an unknown error occurred")

/* Define HPE_* values for each errno value above */
#define HTTP_ERRNO_GEN(n, s) HPE_##n,
enum http_errno { HTTP_ERRNO_MAP(HTTP_ERRNO_GEN) };
#undef HTTP_ERRNO_GEN

/* Get an http_errno value from an http_parser */
#define HTTP_PARSER_ERRNO(p) ((enum http_errno)(p)->http_errno)

struct http_parser {
  /** PRIVATE **/
  unsigned int type : 2;         /* enum http_parser_type */
  unsigned int flags : 8;        /* F_* values from 'flags' enum; semi-public */
  unsigned int state : 7;        /* enum state from http_parser.c */
  unsigned int header_state : 7; /* enum header_state from http_parser.c */
  unsigned int index : 7;        /* index into current matcher */
  unsigned int lenient_http_headers : 1;

  uint32_t nread;          /* # bytes read in various scenarios */
  uint64_t content_length; /* # bytes in body (0 if no Content-Length header) */

  /** READ-ONLY **/
  unsigned short http_major;
  unsigned short http_minor;
  unsigned int status_code : 16; /* responses only */
  unsigned int method : 8;       /* requests only */
  unsigned int http_errno : 7;

  /* 1 = Upgrade header was present and the parser has exited because of that.
   * 0 = No upgrade header present.
   * Should be checked when http_parser_execute() returns in addition to
   * error checking.
   */
  unsigned int upgrade : 1;

  /** PUBLIC **/
  void* data; /* A pointer to get hook to the "connection" or "socket" object */
};

struct http_parser_settings {
  http_cb on_message_begin;
  http_data_cb on_url;
  http_data_cb on_status;
  http_data_cb on_header_field;
  http_data_cb on_header_value;
  http_cb on_headers_complete;
  http_data_cb on_body;
  http_cb on_message_complete;
  /* When on_chunk_header is called, the current chunk length is stored
   * in parser->content_length.
   */
  http_cb on_chunk_header;
  http_cb on_chunk_complete;
};

enum http_parser_url_fields {
  UF_SCHEMA = 0,
  UF_HOST = 1,
  UF_PORT = 2,
  UF_PATH = 3,
  UF_QUERY = 4,
  UF_FRAGMENT = 5,
  UF_USERINFO = 6,
  UF_MAX = 7
};

/* Result structure for http_parser_parse_url().
 *
 * Callers should index into field_data[] with UF_* values iff field_set
 * has the relevant (1 << UF_*) bit set. As a courtesy to clients (and
 * because we probably have padding left over), we convert any port to
 * a uint16_t.
 */
struct http_parser_url {
  uint16_t field_set; /* Bitmask of (1 << UF_*) values */
  uint16_t port;      /* Converted UF_PORT string */

  struct {
    uint16_t off; /* Offset into buffer in which field starts */
    uint16_t len; /* Length of run in buffer */
  } field_data[UF_MAX];
};

/* Returns the library version. Bits 16-23 contain the major version number,
 * bits 8-15 the minor version number and bits 0-7 the patch level.
 * Usage example:
 *
 *   unsigned long version = http_parser_version();
 *   unsigned major = (version >> 16) & 255;
 *   unsigned minor = (version >> 8) & 255;
 *   unsigned patch = version & 255;
 *   printf("http_parser v%u.%u.%u\n", major, minor, patch);
 */
unsigned long http_parser_version(void);

void http_parser_init(http_parser* parser, enum http_parser_type type);

/* Initialize http_parser_settings members to 0
 */
void http_parser_settings_init(http_parser_settings* settings);

/* Executes the parser. Returns number of parsed bytes. Sets
 * `parser->http_errno` on error. */
size_t http_parser_execute(http_parser* parser,
                           const http_parser_settings* settings,
                           const char* data,
                           size_t len);

/* If http_should_keep_alive() in the on_headers_complete or
 * on_message_complete callback returns 0, then this should be
 * the last message on the connection.
 * If you are the server, respond with the "Connection: close" header.
 * If you are the client, close the connection.
 */
int http_should_keep_alive(const http_parser* parser);

/* Returns a string version of the HTTP method. */
const char* http_method_str(enum http_method m);

/* Returns a string version of the HTTP status code. */
const char* http_status_str(enum http_status s);

/* Return a string name of the given error */
const char* http_errno_name(enum http_errno err);

/* Return a string description of the given error */
const char* http_errno_description(enum http_errno err);

/* Initialize all http_parser_url members to 0 */
void http_parser_url_init(struct http_parser_url* u);

/* Parse a URL; return nonzero on failure */
int http_parser_parse_url(const char* buf,
                          size_t buflen,
                          int is_connect,
                          struct http_parser_url* u);

/* Pause or un-pause the parser; a nonzero value pauses */
void http_parser_pause(http_parser* parser, int paused);

/* Checks if this is the final chunk of the body. */
int http_body_is_final(const http_parser* parser);

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif