diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index e7ce33a18db0..dd908cf69363 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 - `[jest-config]` [**BREAKING**] Update `testMatch` and `testRegex` default option for supporting `mjs`, `cjs`, `mts`, and `cts` ([#14584](https://github.com/jestjs/jest/pull/14584))
 - `[@jest/core]` [**BREAKING**] Group together open handles with the same stack trace ([#13417](https://github.com/jestjs/jest/pull/13417), & [#14543](https://github.com/jestjs/jest/pull/14543))
 - `[@jest/core]` Add `perfStats` to surface test setup overhead ([#14622](https://github.com/jestjs/jest/pull/14622))
+- `[@jest/core]` [**BREAKING**] Changed `--filter` to accept an object with shape `{ filtered: Array<string> }` to match [documentation](https://jestjs.io/docs/cli#--filterfile) ([#13319](https://github.com/jestjs/jest/pull/13319))
 - `[@jest/core, @jest/test-sequencer]` [**BREAKING**] Exposes `globalConfig` & `contexts` to `TestSequencer` ([#14535](https://github.com/jestjs/jest/pull/14535), & [#14543](https://github.com/jestjs/jest/pull/14543))
 - `[jest-environment-jsdom]` [**BREAKING**] Upgrade JSDOM to v22 ([#13825](https://github.com/jestjs/jest/pull/13825))
 - `[@jest/fake-timers]` [**BREAKING**] Upgrade `@sinonjs/fake-timers` to v11 ([#14544](https://github.com/jestjs/jest/pull/14544))
diff --git a/docs/CLI.md b/docs/CLI.md
index e092a9e65332..de66a17e6034 100644
--- a/docs/CLI.md
+++ b/docs/CLI.md
@@ -194,13 +194,14 @@ Alias: `-e`. Use this flag to show full diffs and errors instead of a patch.
 
 ### `--filter=<file>`
 
-Path to a module exporting a filtering function. This asynchronous function receives a list of test paths which can be manipulated to exclude tests from running by returning an object with shape `{ filtered: Array<{ test: string }> }`. Especially useful when used in conjunction with a testing infrastructure to filter known broken tests, e.g.
+Path to a module exporting a filtering function. This asynchronous function receives a list of test paths which can be manipulated to exclude tests from running and must return an object with shape `{ filtered: Array<string> }` containing the tests that should be run by Jest. Especially useful when used in conjunction with a testing infrastructure to filter known broken tests.
 
 ```js title="my-filter.js"
+// This filter when applied will only run tests ending in .spec.js (not the best way to do it, but it's just an example):
+const filteringFunction = testPath => testPath.endsWith('.spec.js');
+
 module.exports = testPaths => {
-  const allowedPaths = testPaths
-    .filter(filteringFunction)
-    .map(test => ({test})); // [{ test: "path1.spec.js" }, { test: "path2.spec.js" }, etc]
+  const allowedPaths = testPaths.filter(filteringFunction); // ["path1.spec.js", "path2.spec.js", etc]
 
   return {
     filtered: allowedPaths,
diff --git a/e2e/filter/my-filter.js b/e2e/filter/my-filter.js
index 10c71b83630c..da0e2c761a00 100644
--- a/e2e/filter/my-filter.js
+++ b/e2e/filter/my-filter.js
@@ -11,9 +11,7 @@ module.exports = function (tests) {
   return new Promise(resolve => {
     setTimeout(() => {
       resolve({
-        filtered: tests
-          .filter(t => t.includes('foo'))
-          .map(test => ({message: 'some message', test})),
+        filtered: tests.filter(t => t.includes('foo')),
       });
     }, 100);
   });
diff --git a/e2e/filter/my-secondary-filter.js b/e2e/filter/my-secondary-filter.js
index b6551712ee42..f729832e74d7 100644
--- a/e2e/filter/my-secondary-filter.js
+++ b/e2e/filter/my-secondary-filter.js
@@ -9,6 +9,6 @@
 
 module.exports = function (tests) {
   return {
-    filtered: tests.filter(t => t.includes('foo')).map(test => ({test})),
+    filtered: tests.filter(t => t.includes('foo')),
   };
 };
diff --git a/e2e/filter/my-setup-filter.js b/e2e/filter/my-setup-filter.js
index 751568123d9e..02d797bb2aba 100644
--- a/e2e/filter/my-setup-filter.js
+++ b/e2e/filter/my-setup-filter.js
@@ -13,9 +13,7 @@ const setupData = {
 
 module.exports = function (tests) {
   return {
-    filtered: tests
-      .filter(t => t.includes(setupData.filterText))
-      .map(test => ({test})),
+    filtered: tests.filter(t => t.includes(setupData.filterText)),
   };
 };
 
diff --git a/packages/jest-core/src/SearchSource.ts b/packages/jest-core/src/SearchSource.ts
index 681464ec7f44..abfc62de1566 100644
--- a/packages/jest-core/src/SearchSource.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-core/src/SearchSource.ts
@@ -339,9 +339,7 @@ export default class SearchSource {
         );
       }
 
-      const filteredSet = new Set(
-        filterResult.filtered.map(result => result.test),
-      );
+      const filteredSet = new Set(filterResult.filtered);
 
       return {
         ...searchResult,
diff --git a/packages/jest-core/src/__tests__/SearchSource.test.ts b/packages/jest-core/src/__tests__/SearchSource.test.ts
index fc93a8f03d7f..1ec593bbf37d 100644
--- a/packages/jest-core/src/__tests__/SearchSource.test.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-core/src/__tests__/SearchSource.test.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import type {Config} from '@jest/types';
 import {normalize} from 'jest-config';
 import Runtime from 'jest-runtime';
 import SearchSource from '../SearchSource';
+import type {Filter} from '../types';
 
 jest.setTimeout(15_000);
 
@@ -105,13 +106,20 @@ describe('SearchSource', () => {
   });
 
   describe('getTestPaths', () => {
-    const getTestPaths = async (initialOptions: Config.InitialOptions) => {
+    const getTestPaths = async (
+      initialOptions: Config.InitialOptions,
+      filter?: Filter,
+    ) => {
       const {searchSource, config} = await initSearchSource(initialOptions);
-      const {tests: paths} = await searchSource.getTestPaths({
-        ...config,
-        ...initialOptions,
-        testPathPatterns: [],
-      });
+      const {tests: paths} = await searchSource.getTestPaths(
+        {
+          ...config,
+          ...initialOptions,
+          testPathPatterns: [],
+        },
+        null,
+        filter,
+      );
       return paths.map(({path: p}) => path.relative(rootDir, p)).sort();
     };
 
@@ -292,6 +300,23 @@ describe('SearchSource', () => {
         path.normalize('__testtests__/test.jsx'),
       ]);
     });
+
+    it('filter tests based on an optional filter method', async () => {
+      const filterFunction = (testPaths: Array<string>) =>
+        Promise.resolve({
+          filtered: testPaths.filter(testPath => testPath.includes('test.jsx')),
+        });
+      const paths = await getTestPaths(
+        {
+          id,
+          rootDir,
+        },
+        filterFunction,
+      );
+
+      expect(paths).toHaveLength(1);
+      expect(paths[0]).toStrictEqual(path.normalize('__testtests__/test.jsx'));
+    });
   });
 
   describe('filterPathsWin32', () => {
diff --git a/packages/jest-core/src/types.ts b/packages/jest-core/src/types.ts
index 3aaece51f060..25776017166e 100644
--- a/packages/jest-core/src/types.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-core/src/types.ts
@@ -34,11 +34,6 @@ export type TestPathCasesWithPathPattern = TestPathCases & {
   testPathPatterns: (path: string) => boolean;
 };
 
-export type FilterResult = {
-  test: string;
-  message: string;
-};
-
 export type Filter = (testPaths: Array<string>) => Promise<{
-  filtered: Array<FilterResult>;
+  filtered: Array<string>;
 }>;