diff --git a/e2e/__tests__/esmGlobalSetup.test.ts b/e2e/__tests__/esmGlobalSetup.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..521f889445c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/__tests__/esmGlobalSetup.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ */
+
+import {tmpdir} from 'os';
+import * as path from 'path';
+import * as fs from 'graceful-fs';
+import {onNodeVersions} from '@jest/test-utils';
+import {cleanup} from '../Utils';
+import {json as runWithJson} from '../runJest';
+
+const DIR = path.join(tmpdir(), 'jest-esm-global-setup');
+const e2eDir = path.resolve(__dirname, '../esm-global-setup');
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  cleanup(DIR);
+});
+
+afterAll(() => {
+  cleanup(DIR);
+});
+
+onNodeVersions('^12.16.0 || >=13.7.0', () => {
+  test('globalSetup is triggered once before all test suites', () => {
+    const result = runWithJson(e2eDir, [], {
+      nodeOptions: '--experimental-vm-modules',
+    });
+
+    expect(result.exitCode).toBe(0);
+    const files = fs.readdirSync(DIR);
+    expect(files).toHaveLength(1);
+    const setup = fs.readFileSync(path.join(DIR, files[0]), 'utf8');
+    expect(setup).toBe('setup');
+  });
+});
diff --git a/e2e/esm-global-setup/__tests__/setup.test.js b/e2e/esm-global-setup/__tests__/setup.test.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2a2a8d213119
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/esm-global-setup/__tests__/setup.test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ */
+import os from 'os';
+import path from 'path';
+import fs from 'graceful-fs';
+
+const DIR = path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'jest-esm-global-setup');
+
+test('should exist setup file', () => {
+  const files = fs.readdirSync(DIR);
+  expect(files).toHaveLength(1);
+  const setup = fs.readFileSync(path.join(DIR, files[0]), 'utf8');
+  expect(setup).toBe('setup');
+});
diff --git a/e2e/esm-global-setup/package.json b/e2e/esm-global-setup/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..04141126c46e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/esm-global-setup/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "type": "module",
+  "jest": {
+    "testEnvironment": "node",
+    "globalSetup": "<rootDir>/setup.mjs"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "jest-util": "*"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/e2e/esm-global-setup/setup.mjs b/e2e/esm-global-setup/setup.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e011268e2ce6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/esm-global-setup/setup.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ */
+import crypto from 'crypto';
+import os from 'os';
+import path from 'path';
+import fs from 'graceful-fs';
+import {createDirectory} from 'jest-util';
+
+const DIR = path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'jest-esm-global-setup');
+
+export default function () {
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    createDirectory(DIR);
+    const fileId = crypto.randomBytes(20).toString('hex');
+    fs.writeFileSync(path.join(DIR, fileId), 'setup');
+    resolve();
+  });
+}
diff --git a/e2e/esm-global-setup/yarn.lock b/e2e/esm-global-setup/yarn.lock
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b3577277c288
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/esm-global-setup/yarn.lock
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+# This file is generated by running "yarn install" inside your project.
+# Manual changes might be lost - proceed with caution!
+
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+
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