diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index d1851bf9a915..c81d9f2225a2 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 ### Fixes
 
+- `[jest-message-util]` Fixes `.getTopFrame()` (and `toMatchInlineSnapshot()`) with `mjs` files ([#12277](https://github.com/facebook/jest/pull/12277))
 - `[expect]` Add a fix for `.toHaveProperty('')` ([#12251](https://github.com/facebook/jest/pull/12251))
 - `[jest-environment-node]` Add `atob` and `btoa` ([#12269](https://github.com/facebook/jest/pull/12269))
 
diff --git a/packages/jest-message-util/src/__tests__/messages.test.ts b/packages/jest-message-util/src/__tests__/messages.test.ts
index cb4d7e91f959..95d59187f8c8 100644
--- a/packages/jest-message-util/src/__tests__/messages.test.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-message-util/src/__tests__/messages.test.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 import {readFileSync} from 'graceful-fs';
 import slash = require('slash');
 import tempy = require('tempy');
-import {formatExecError, formatResultsErrors, formatStackTrace} from '..';
+import {formatExecError, formatResultsErrors, formatStackTrace, getTopFrame} from '..';
 
 const rootDir = tempy.directory();
 
@@ -79,6 +79,10 @@ const babelStack =
      \u001b[90m 23 | \u001b[39m    } \u001b[36melse\u001b[39m \u001b[36mif\u001b[39m (\u001b[36mtypeof\u001b[39m render \u001b[33m!==\u001b[39m \u001b[32m'function'\u001b[39m) {\u001b[0m
 `;
 
+const mjsStackTrace = 
+  `  ` +
+  `at stack (file:///Users/user/project/inline.mjs:1:1)`;
+
 beforeEach(() => {
   jest.clearAllMocks();
 });
@@ -365,3 +369,9 @@ describe('formatStackTrace', () => {
     expect(message).toMatchSnapshot();
   });
 });
+
+it('getTopFrame should return a path for mjs files', () => {
+  const frame = getTopFrame(mjsStackTrace.split(/\n/));
+
+  expect(frame.file).toBe('/Users/user/project/inline.mjs');
+});
diff --git a/packages/jest-message-util/src/index.ts b/packages/jest-message-util/src/index.ts
index f02a7f0fefeb..38b4eb78618b 100644
--- a/packages/jest-message-util/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/jest-message-util/src/index.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import slash = require('slash');
 import StackUtils = require('stack-utils');
 import type {Config, TestResult} from '@jest/types';
 import {format as prettyFormat} from 'pretty-format';
+import {fileURLToPath} from 'url';
 import type {Frame} from './types';
 
 export type {Frame} from './types';
@@ -273,6 +274,9 @@ export const getTopFrame = (lines: Array<string>): Frame | null => {
     const parsedFrame = stackUtils.parseLine(line.trim());
 
     if (parsedFrame && parsedFrame.file) {
+      if (parsedFrame.file.startsWith('file://')) {
+        parsedFrame.file = fileURLToPath(parsedFrame.file);
+      }
       return parsedFrame as Frame;
     }
   }