secrets/azurekeyvault: Add support for private clouds (Azure Stack)

[sebtelko]

This adds support for using Key Vault with Azure Stack Hub.

This PR makes the regexp used for parsing the Key Vault key id less strict about the key vault URI, allowing URIs on the form: https://vault.<region>.<fqdn>/.

Fixes #2995.

[google-cla]

Thanks for your pull request. It looks like this may be your first contribution to a Google open source project (if not, look below for help). Before we can look at your pull request, you'll need to sign a Contributor License Agreement (CLA).

📝 Please visit https://cla.developers.google.com/ to sign.

Once you've signed (or fixed any issues), please reply here with @googlebot I signed it! and we'll verify it.

---

What to do if you already signed the CLA

Individual signers

• It's possible we don't have your GitHub username or you're using a different email address on your commit. Check your existing CLA data and verify that your email is set on your git commits.

Corporate signers

• Your company has a Point of Contact who decides which employees are authorized to participate. Ask your POC to be added to the group of authorized contributors. If you don't know who your Point of Contact is, direct the Google project maintainer to go/cla#troubleshoot (Public version).
• The email used to register you as an authorized contributor must be the email used for the Git commit. Check your existing CLA data and verify that your email is set on your git commits.
• The email used to register you as an authorized contributor must also be attached to your GitHub account.

ℹ️ Googlers: Go here for more info.

[sebtelko]

@googlebot I signed it!

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #2997 (fc6be32) into master (5f19477) will increase coverage by 0.12%.
The diff coverage is n/a.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #2997      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   69.33%   69.46%   +0.12%     
==========================================
  Files         111      111              
  Lines       11628    11628              
==========================================
+ Hits         8062     8077      +15     
+ Misses       2899     2883      -16     
- Partials      667      668       +1     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
secrets/azurekeyvault/akv.go	46.39% <ø> (+2.06%)	⬆️
blob/s3blob/s3blob.go	89.47% <0.00%> (+0.52%)	⬆️
runtimevar/awssecretsmanager/awssecretsmanager.go	74.19% <0.00%> (+2.41%)	⬆️
server/health/sqlhealth/sqlhealth.go	78.37% <0.00%> (+21.62%)	⬆️

---

Continue to review full report at Codecov.

Legend - Click here to learn more
Δ = absolute <relative> (impact), ø = not affected, ? = missing data
Powered by Codecov. Last update 5f19477...fc6be32. Read the comment docs.