feat(node): Update and vendor https-proxy-agent

[timfish]

Closes #9199

This PR vendors the https-proxy-agent code and in the process updates to v7.0.0.

https-proxy-agent is our last remaining cjs-only dependency so this is required for #10046.

This removes the following dependencies:

• https-proxy-agent@5.0.1
• agent-base@6.0.2
• debug@4.3.4
• ms@2.1.2

The vendored code has been modified to use the Sentry logger rather than debug.

Initially, rather than modify the vendored code substantially just to pass our tight lint rules, I've disabled a few of the less important lints that would make it particularly tricky to pull in upstream bug fixes:

/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/explicit-member-accessibility */
/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/member-ordering */
/* eslint-disable jsdoc/require-jsdoc */

Min supported Node version

https-proxy-agent has a @types/node@14.18.45 dev dependency but apart from adding an import for URL, I can't find anything that would stop it working on older versions of node and there is nothing in the changelogs that would suggest the min supported version has changed.

[timfish]

Once #10156 is merged, we can test this!

[timfish]

This is now tested via a previously added integration test!

[AbhiPrasad]

Nice!

[AbhiPrasad]

Going to update this branch so we can get it out with the next release