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path.rs
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path.rs
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//! Directory utilities. This library contains functions for locating configuration directories,
//! for testing if a command with a given name can be found in the PATH, and various other
//! path-related issues.
use crate::common::wcs2zstring;
#[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
use crate::compat::{MNT_LOCAL, ST_LOCAL};
use crate::env::{EnvMode, EnvStack, Environment};
use crate::expand::{expand_tilde, HOME_DIRECTORY};
use crate::flog::{FLOG, FLOGF};
use crate::wchar::prelude::*;
use crate::wutil::{normalize_path, path_normalize_for_cd, waccess, wdirname, wmkdir, wstat};
use errno::{errno, set_errno, Errno};
use libc::{EACCES, ENOENT, ENOTDIR, F_OK, X_OK};
use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
use std::ffi::OsStr;
use std::io::{ErrorKind, Write};
use std::os::unix::prelude::*;
/// Returns the user configuration directory for fish. If the directory or one of its parents
/// doesn't exist, they are first created.
///
/// \param path The directory as an out param
/// \return whether the directory was returned successfully
pub fn path_get_config() -> Option<WString> {
let dir = get_config_directory();
if dir.success() {
Some(dir.path.to_owned())
} else {
None
}
}
/// Returns the user data directory for fish. If the directory or one of its parents doesn't exist,
/// they are first created.
///
/// Volatile files presumed to be local to the machine, such as the fish_history and all the
/// generated_completions, will be stored in this directory.
///
/// \param path The directory as an out param
/// \return whether the directory was returned successfully
pub fn path_get_data() -> Option<WString> {
let dir = get_data_directory();
if dir.success() {
Some(dir.path.to_owned())
} else {
None
}
}
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub enum DirRemoteness {
/// directory status is unknown
unknown,
/// directory is known local
local,
/// directory is known remote
remote,
}
/// \return the remoteness of the fish data directory.
/// This will be remote for filesystems like NFS, SMB, etc.
pub fn path_get_data_remoteness() -> DirRemoteness {
get_data_directory().remoteness
}
/// Like path_get_data_remoteness but for the config directory.
pub fn path_get_config_remoteness() -> DirRemoteness {
get_config_directory().remoteness
}
/// Emit any errors if config directories are missing.
/// Use the given environment stack to ensure this only occurs once.
#[widestrs]
pub fn path_emit_config_directory_messages(vars: &EnvStack) {
let data = get_data_directory();
if !data.success() {
maybe_issue_path_warning(
"data"L,
&wgettext!("can not save history"),
data.used_xdg,
"XDG_DATA_HOME"L,
&data.path,
data.err,
vars,
);
}
if data.remoteness == DirRemoteness::remote {
FLOG!(path, "data path appears to be on a network volume");
}
let config = get_config_directory();
if !config.success() {
maybe_issue_path_warning(
"config"L,
&wgettext!("can not save universal variables or functions"),
config.used_xdg,
"XDG_CONFIG_HOME"L,
&config.path,
config.err,
vars,
);
}
if config.remoteness == DirRemoteness::remote {
FLOG!(path, "config path appears to be on a network volume");
}
}
/// We separate this from path_create() for two reasons. First it's only caused if there is a
/// problem, and thus is not central to the behavior of that function. Second, we only want to issue
/// the message once. If the current shell starts a new fish shell (e.g., by running `fish -c` from
/// a function) we don't want that subshell to issue the same warnings.
#[widestrs]
fn maybe_issue_path_warning(
which_dir: &wstr,
custom_error_msg: &wstr,
using_xdg: bool,
xdg_var: &wstr,
path: &wstr,
saved_errno: libc::c_int,
vars: &EnvStack,
) {
let warning_var_name = "_FISH_WARNED_"L.to_owned() + which_dir;
if vars
.getf(&warning_var_name, EnvMode::GLOBAL | EnvMode::EXPORT)
.is_some()
{
return;
}
vars.set_one(
&warning_var_name,
EnvMode::GLOBAL | EnvMode::EXPORT,
"1"L.to_owned(),
);
FLOG!(error, custom_error_msg);
if path.is_empty() {
FLOG!(
warning_path,
wgettext_fmt!("Unable to locate the %ls directory.", which_dir)
);
FLOG!(
warning_path,
wgettext_fmt!(
"Please set the %ls or HOME environment variable before starting fish.",
xdg_var
)
);
} else {
let env_var = if using_xdg { xdg_var } else { "HOME"L };
FLOG!(
warning_path,
wgettext_fmt!(
"Unable to locate %ls directory derived from $%ls: '%ls'.",
which_dir,
env_var,
path
)
);
FLOG!(
warning_path,
wgettext_fmt!("The error was '%s'.", Errno(saved_errno).to_string())
);
FLOG!(
warning_path,
wgettext_fmt!(
"Please set $%ls to a directory where you have write access.",
env_var
)
);
}
let _ = std::io::stdout().write(&[b'\n']);
}
/// Finds the path of an executable named \p cmd, by looking in $PATH taken from \p vars.
/// \returns the path if found, none if not.
pub fn path_get_path(cmd: &wstr, vars: &dyn Environment) -> Option<WString> {
let result = path_try_get_path(cmd, vars);
if result.err.is_some() {
None
} else {
Some(result.path)
}
}
// PREFIX is defined at build time.
#[widestrs]
pub static DEFAULT_PATH: Lazy<[WString; 3]> = Lazy::new(|| {
[
// TODO This should use env!. The fallback is only to appease "cargo test" for now.
WString::from_str(option_env!("PREFIX").unwrap_or("/usr/local")) + "/bin"L,
"/usr/bin"L.to_owned(),
"/bin"L.to_owned(),
]
});
/// Finds the path of an executable named \p cmd, by looking in $PATH taken from \p vars.
/// On success, err will be 0 and the path is returned.
/// On failure, we return the "best path" with err set appropriately.
/// For example, if we find a non-executable file, we will return its path and EACCESS.
/// If no candidate path is found, path will be empty and err will be set to ENOENT.
/// Possible err values are taken from access().
pub struct GetPathResult {
err: Option<Errno>,
path: WString,
}
impl GetPathResult {
fn new(err: Option<Errno>, path: WString) -> Self {
Self { err, path }
}
}
pub fn path_try_get_path(cmd: &wstr, vars: &dyn Environment) -> GetPathResult {
if let Some(path) = vars.get(L!("PATH")) {
path_get_path_core(cmd, path.as_list())
} else {
path_get_path_core(cmd, &*DEFAULT_PATH)
}
}
fn path_is_executable(path: &wstr) -> bool {
let narrow = wcs2zstring(path);
if unsafe { libc::access(narrow.as_ptr(), X_OK) } != 0 {
return false;
}
let narrow: Vec<u8> = narrow.into();
let Ok(md) = std::fs::metadata(OsStr::from_bytes(&narrow)) else { return false; };
md.is_file()
}
/// Return all the paths that match the given command.
pub fn path_get_paths(cmd: &wstr, vars: &dyn Environment) -> Vec<WString> {
FLOGF!(path, "path_get_paths('%ls')", cmd);
let mut paths = vec![];
// If the command has a slash, it must be an absolute or relative path and thus we don't bother
// looking for matching commands in the PATH var.
if cmd.contains('/') && path_is_executable(cmd) {
paths.push(cmd.to_owned());
return paths;
}
let Some(path_var) = vars.get(L!("PATH")) else { return paths; };
for path in path_var.as_list() {
if path.is_empty() {
continue;
}
let mut path = path.clone();
append_path_component(&mut path, cmd);
if path_is_executable(&path) {
paths.push(path);
}
}
paths
}
fn path_get_path_core<S: AsRef<wstr>>(cmd: &wstr, pathsv: &[S]) -> GetPathResult {
let noent_res = GetPathResult::new(Some(Errno(ENOENT)), WString::new());
// Test if the given path can be executed.
// \return 0 on success, an errno value on failure.
let test_path = |path: &wstr| -> Result<(), Errno> {
let narrow = wcs2zstring(path);
if unsafe { libc::access(narrow.as_ptr(), X_OK) } != 0 {
return Err(errno());
}
let narrow: Vec<u8> = narrow.into();
let Ok(md) = std::fs::metadata(OsStr::from_bytes(&narrow)) else {
return Err(errno());
};
if md.is_file() {
Ok(())
} else {
Err(Errno(EACCES))
}
};
if cmd.is_empty() {
return noent_res;
}
// Commands cannot contain NUL byte.
if cmd.contains('\0') {
return noent_res;
}
// If the command has a slash, it must be an absolute or relative path and thus we don't bother
// looking for a matching command.
if cmd.contains('/') {
return GetPathResult::new(test_path(cmd).err(), cmd.to_owned());
}
let mut best = noent_res;
for next_path in pathsv {
let next_path: &wstr = next_path.as_ref();
if next_path.is_empty() {
continue;
}
let mut proposed_path = next_path.to_owned();
append_path_component(&mut proposed_path, cmd);
match test_path(&proposed_path) {
Ok(()) => {
// We found one.
return GetPathResult::new(None, proposed_path);
}
Err(err) => {
if err.0 != ENOENT && best.err == Some(Errno(ENOENT)) {
// Keep the first *interesting* error and path around.
// ENOENT isn't interesting because not having a file is the normal case.
// Ignore if the parent directory is already inaccessible.
if waccess(wdirname(&proposed_path), X_OK) == 0 {
best = GetPathResult::new(Some(err), proposed_path);
}
}
}
}
}
best
}
/// Returns the full path of the specified directory, using the CDPATH variable as a list of base
/// directories for relative paths.
///
/// If no valid path is found, false is returned and errno is set to ENOTDIR if at least one such
/// path was found, but it did not point to a directory, or ENOENT if no file of the specified
/// name was found.
///
/// \param dir The name of the directory.
/// \param wd The working directory. The working directory must end with a slash.
/// \param vars The environment variables to use (for the CDPATH variable)
/// \return the command, or none() if it could not be found.
pub fn path_get_cdpath(dir: &wstr, wd: &wstr, vars: &dyn Environment) -> Option<WString> {
let mut err = ENOENT;
if dir.is_empty() {
return None;
}
assert!(wd.chars().last() == Some('/'));
let paths = path_apply_cdpath(dir, wd, vars);
for a_dir in paths {
if let Ok(md) = wstat(&a_dir) {
if md.is_dir() {
return Some(a_dir);
}
err = ENOTDIR;
}
}
set_errno(Errno(err));
None
}
/// Returns the given directory with all CDPATH components applied.
#[widestrs]
pub fn path_apply_cdpath(dir: &wstr, wd: &wstr, env_vars: &dyn Environment) -> Vec<WString> {
let mut paths = vec![];
if dir.chars().next() == Some('/') {
// Absolute path.
paths.push(dir.to_owned());
} else if dir.starts_with("./"L) || dir.starts_with("../"L) || ["."L, ".."L].contains(&dir) {
// Path is relative to the working directory.
paths.push(path_normalize_for_cd(wd, dir));
} else {
// Respect CDPATH.
let mut cdpathsv = vec![];
if let Some(cdpaths) = env_vars.get("CDPATH"L) {
cdpathsv = cdpaths.as_list().to_vec();
}
// Always append $PWD
cdpathsv.push("."L.to_owned());
for path in cdpathsv {
let mut abspath = WString::new();
// We want to return an absolute path (see issue 6220)
if ![Some('/'), Some('~')].contains(&path.chars().next()) {
abspath = wd.to_owned();
abspath.push('/');
}
abspath.push_utfstr(&path);
expand_tilde(&mut abspath, env_vars);
if abspath.is_empty() {
continue;
}
abspath = normalize_path(&abspath, true);
let mut whole_path = abspath;
append_path_component(&mut whole_path, dir);
paths.push(whole_path);
}
}
paths
}
/// Returns the path resolved as an implicit cd command, or none() if none. This requires it to
/// start with one of the allowed prefixes (., .., ~) and resolve to a directory.
#[widestrs]
pub fn path_as_implicit_cd(path: &wstr, wd: &wstr, vars: &dyn Environment) -> Option<WString> {
let mut exp_path = path.to_owned();
expand_tilde(&mut exp_path, vars);
if exp_path.starts_with("/"L)
|| exp_path.starts_with("./"L)
|| exp_path.starts_with("../"L)
|| exp_path.ends_with("/"L)
|| exp_path == ".."L
{
// These paths can be implicit cd, so see if you cd to the path. Note that a single period
// cannot (that's used for sourcing files anyways).
return path_get_cdpath(&exp_path, wd, vars);
}
None
}
/// Remove double slashes and trailing slashes from a path, e.g. transform foo//bar/ into foo/bar.
/// The string is modified in-place.
pub fn path_make_canonical(path: &mut WString) {
let chars: &mut [char] = path.as_char_slice_mut();
// Ignore trailing slashes, unless it's the first character.
let mut len = chars.len();
while len > 1 && chars[len - 1] == '/' {
len -= 1;
}
// Turn runs of slashes into a single slash.
let mut trailing = 0;
let mut prev_was_slash = false;
for leading in 0..len {
let c = chars[leading];
let is_slash = c == '/';
if !prev_was_slash || !is_slash {
// This is either the first slash in a run, or not a slash at all.
chars[trailing] = c;
trailing += 1;
}
prev_was_slash = is_slash;
}
assert!(trailing <= len);
if trailing < len {
path.truncate(trailing);
}
}
/// Check if two paths are equivalent, which means to ignore runs of multiple slashes (or trailing
/// slashes).
pub fn paths_are_equivalent(p1: &wstr, p2: &wstr) -> bool {
let p1 = p1.as_char_slice();
let p2 = p2.as_char_slice();
if p1 == p2 {
return true;
}
// Ignore trailing slashes after the first character.
let mut len1 = p1.len();
let mut len2 = p2.len();
while len1 > 1 && p1[len1 - 1] == '/' {
len1 -= 1
}
while len2 > 1 && p2[len2 - 1] == '/' {
len2 -= 1
}
// Start walking
let mut idx1 = 0;
let mut idx2 = 0;
while idx1 < len1 && idx2 < len2 {
let c1 = p1[idx1];
let c2 = p2[idx2];
// If the characters are different, the strings are not equivalent.
if c1 != c2 {
break;
}
idx1 += 1;
idx2 += 1;
// If the character was a slash, walk forwards until we hit the end of the string, or a
// non-slash. Note the first condition is invariant within the loop.
while c1 == '/' && p1.get(idx1) == Some(&'/') {
idx1 += 1;
}
while c2 == '/' && p2.get(idx2) == Some(&'/') {
idx2 += 1;
}
}
// We matched if we consumed all of the characters in both strings.
idx1 == len1 && idx2 == len2
}
#[widestrs]
pub fn path_is_valid(path: &wstr, working_directory: &wstr) -> bool {
// Some special paths are always valid.
if path.is_empty() {
false
} else if ["."L, "./"L].contains(&path) {
true
} else if [".."L, "../"L].contains(&path) {
!working_directory.is_empty() && working_directory != "/"L
} else if path.chars().next() != Some('/') {
// Prepend the working directory. Note that we know path is not empty here.
let mut tmp = working_directory.to_owned();
tmp.push_utfstr(path);
waccess(&tmp, F_OK) == 0
} else {
// Simple check.
waccess(path, F_OK) == 0
}
}
/// Returns whether the two paths refer to the same file.
pub fn paths_are_same_file(path1: &wstr, path2: &wstr) -> bool {
if paths_are_equivalent(path1, path2) {
return true;
}
match (wstat(path1), wstat(path2)) {
(Ok(s1), Ok(s2)) => s1.ino() == s2.ino() && s1.dev() == s2.dev(),
_ => false,
}
}
/// If the given path looks like it's relative to the working directory, then prepend that working
/// directory. This operates on unescaped paths only (so a ~ means a literal ~).
pub fn path_apply_working_directory(path: &wstr, working_directory: &wstr) -> WString {
if path.is_empty() || working_directory.is_empty() {
return path.to_owned();
}
// We're going to make sure that if we want to prepend the wd, that the string has no leading
// "/".
let prepend_wd = path.char_at(0) != '/' && path.char_at(0) != HOME_DIRECTORY;
if !prepend_wd {
// No need to prepend the wd, so just return the path we were given.
return path.to_owned();
}
// Remove up to one "./".
let mut path_component = path.to_owned();
if path_component.starts_with("./") {
path_component.replace_range(0..2, L!(""));
}
// Removing leading /s.
while path_component.starts_with("/") {
path_component.replace_range(0..1, L!(""));
}
// Construct and return a new path.
let mut new_path = working_directory.to_owned();
append_path_component(&mut new_path, &path_component);
new_path
}
/// The following type wraps up a user's "base" directories, corresponding (conceptually if not
/// actually) to XDG spec.
struct BaseDirectory {
/// the path where we attempted to create the directory.
path: WString,
/// whether the dir is remote
remoteness: DirRemoteness,
/// the error code if creating the directory failed, or 0 on success.
err: libc::c_int,
/// whether an XDG variable was used in resolving the directory.
used_xdg: bool,
}
impl BaseDirectory {
fn success(&self) -> bool {
self.err == 0
}
}
/// Attempt to get a base directory, creating it if necessary. If a variable named \p xdg_var is
/// set, use that directory; otherwise use the path \p non_xdg_homepath rooted in $HOME. \return the
/// result; see the base_directory_t fields.
#[widestrs]
fn make_base_directory(xdg_var: &wstr, non_xdg_homepath: &wstr) -> BaseDirectory {
// The vars we fetch must be exported. Allowing them to be universal doesn't make sense and
// allowing that creates a lock inversion that deadlocks the shell since we're called before
// uvars are available.
let vars = EnvStack::globals();
let mut path = WString::new();
let used_xdg;
if let Some(xdg_dir) = vars.getf_unless_empty(xdg_var, EnvMode::GLOBAL | EnvMode::EXPORT) {
path = xdg_dir.as_string() + "/fish"L;
used_xdg = true;
} else {
if let Some(home) = vars.getf_unless_empty("HOME"L, EnvMode::GLOBAL | EnvMode::EXPORT) {
path = home.as_string() + non_xdg_homepath;
}
used_xdg = false;
}
set_errno(Errno(0));
let err;
let mut remoteness = DirRemoteness::unknown;
if path.is_empty() {
err = ENOENT;
} else if !create_directory(&path) {
err = errno().0;
} else {
err = 0;
// Need to append a trailing slash to check the contents of the directory, not its parent.
let mut tmp = path.clone();
tmp.push('/');
remoteness = path_remoteness(&tmp);
}
BaseDirectory {
path,
remoteness,
err,
used_xdg,
}
}
/// Make sure the specified directory exists. If needed, try to create it and any currently not
/// existing parent directories, like mkdir -p,.
///
/// \return 0 if, at the time of function return the directory exists, -1 otherwise.
fn create_directory(d: &wstr) -> bool {
let md = loop {
match wstat(d) {
Err(md) if md.kind() == ErrorKind::Interrupted => continue,
md => break md,
}
};
match md {
Ok(md) if md.is_dir() => true,
Err(e) if e.kind() == ErrorKind::NotFound => {
let dir: &wstr = wdirname(d);
return create_directory(dir) && wmkdir(d, 0o700) == 0;
}
_ => false,
}
}
/// \return whether the given path is on a remote filesystem.
fn path_remoteness(path: &wstr) -> DirRemoteness {
let narrow = wcs2zstring(path);
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
{
let mut buf: libc::statfs = unsafe { std::mem::zeroed() };
if unsafe { libc::statfs(narrow.as_ptr(), &mut buf) } < 0 {
return DirRemoteness::unknown;
}
// Linux has constants for these like NFS_SUPER_MAGIC, SMB_SUPER_MAGIC, CIFS_MAGIC_NUMBER but
// these are in varying headers. Simply hard code them.
// NOTE: The cast is necessary for 32-bit systems because of the 4-byte CIFS_MAGIC_NUMBER
match usize::try_from(buf.f_type).unwrap() {
0x6969 | // NFS_SUPER_MAGIC
0x517B | // SMB_SUPER_MAGIC
0xFE534D42 | // SMB2_MAGIC_NUMBER - not in the manpage
0xFF534D42 // CIFS_MAGIC_NUMBER
=> DirRemoteness::remote,
_ => {
// Other FSes are assumed local.
DirRemoteness::local
}
}
}
#[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
{
let st_local = ST_LOCAL();
if st_local != 0 {
// ST_LOCAL is a flag to statvfs, which is itself standardized.
// In practice the only system to use this path is NetBSD.
let mut buf: libc::statvfs = unsafe { std::mem::zeroed() };
if unsafe { libc::statvfs(narrow.as_ptr(), &mut buf) } < 0 {
return DirRemoteness::unknown;
}
// statvfs::f_flag is `unsigned long`, which is 4-bytes on most 32-bit targets.
#[cfg_attr(target_pointer_width = "64", allow(clippy::useless_conversion))]
return if u64::from(buf.f_flag) & st_local != 0 {
DirRemoteness::local
} else {
DirRemoteness::remote
};
}
let mnt_local = MNT_LOCAL();
if mnt_local != 0 {
let mut buf: libc::statfs = unsafe { std::mem::zeroed() };
if unsafe { libc::statfs(narrow.as_ptr(), &mut buf) } < 0 {
return DirRemoteness::unknown;
}
// statfs::f_flag is hard-coded as 64-bits on 32/64-bit FreeBSD but it's a (4-byte)
// long on 32-bit NetBSD.. and always 4-bytes on macOS (even on 64-bit builds).
#[allow(clippy::useless_conversion)]
return if u64::from(buf.f_flags) & mnt_local != 0 {
DirRemoteness::local
} else {
DirRemoteness::remote
};
}
DirRemoteness::unknown
}
}
#[widestrs]
fn get_data_directory() -> &'static BaseDirectory {
static DIR: Lazy<BaseDirectory> =
Lazy::new(|| make_base_directory("XDG_DATA_HOME"L, "/.local/share/fish"L));
&*DIR
}
#[widestrs]
fn get_config_directory() -> &'static BaseDirectory {
static DIR: Lazy<BaseDirectory> =
Lazy::new(|| make_base_directory("XDG_CONFIG_HOME"L, "/.config/fish"L));
&*DIR
}
/// Appends a path component, with a / if necessary.
pub fn append_path_component(path: &mut WString, component: &wstr) {
if path.is_empty() || component.is_empty() {
path.push_utfstr(component);
} else {
let path_len = path.len();
let path_slash = path.char_at(path_len - 1) == '/';
let comp_slash = component.as_char_slice()[0] == '/';
if !path_slash && !comp_slash {
// Need a slash
path.push('/');
} else if path_slash && comp_slash {
// Too many slashes.
path.pop();
}
path.push_utfstr(component);
}
}
#[test]
fn test_path_make_canonical() {
let mut path = L!("//foo//////bar/").to_owned();
path_make_canonical(&mut path);
assert_eq!(path, "/foo/bar");
path = L!("/").to_owned();
path_make_canonical(&mut path);
assert_eq!(path, "/");
}
#[test]
fn test_path() {
let mut path = L!("//foo//////bar/").to_owned();
path_make_canonical(&mut path);
assert_eq!(&path, L!("/foo/bar"));
path = L!("/").to_owned();
path_make_canonical(&mut path);
assert_eq!(&path, L!("/"));
assert!(!paths_are_equivalent(L!("/foo/bar/baz"), L!("foo/bar/baz")));
assert!(paths_are_equivalent(
L!("///foo///bar/baz"),
L!("/foo/bar////baz//")
));
assert!(paths_are_equivalent(L!("/foo/bar/baz"), L!("/foo/bar/baz")));
assert!(paths_are_equivalent(L!("/"), L!("/")));
assert_eq!(
path_apply_working_directory(L!("abc"), L!("/def/")),
L!("/def/abc")
);
assert_eq!(
path_apply_working_directory(L!("abc/"), L!("/def/")),
L!("/def/abc/")
);
assert_eq!(
path_apply_working_directory(L!("/abc/"), L!("/def/")),
L!("/abc/")
);
assert_eq!(
path_apply_working_directory(L!("/abc"), L!("/def/")),
L!("/abc")
);
assert!(path_apply_working_directory(L!(""), L!("/def/")).is_empty());
assert_eq!(path_apply_working_directory(L!("abc"), L!("")), L!("abc"));
}