core/evm: Random opcode (EIP-4399) #24141

MariusVanDerWijden · 2021-12-21T15:57:09Z

This PR implements EIP-4399, the RANDOM opcode post-merge.
Since we don't know the merge block number beforehand, we need to somehow signal to the EVM that the Random opcode should be used now. This is currently done by setting the isMerge to true which is done in the block context, if the block has a difficulty of 0.

Additionally I extended the StateTestUtil to be able to create state tests with the RANDOM opcode. An example for that later.

replaces #23985, #24068

holiman

Generally looks kind of ok, but not sure -- maybe it can be done even simpler, somehow...

core/vm/opcodes.go

eth/catalyst/api.go

karalabe · 2022-01-04T15:28:04Z

core/vm/opcodes.go

@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ const (
 	CHAINID     OpCode = 0x46
 	SELFBALANCE OpCode = 0x47
 	BASEFEE     OpCode = 0x48
+	RANDOM      OpCode = 0x44 // Same as DIFFICULTY


Please keep the sort order

tests/state_test_util.go

karalabe · 2022-01-04T15:30:19Z

tests/state_test_util.go

+	if t.json.Env.Random != nil {
+		// Post-Merge
+		genesis.Mixhash = common.BigToHash(t.json.Env.Random)
+		genesis.Difficulty = nil


nil or 0?

karalabe · 2022-01-04T15:31:37Z

core/evm.go

@@ -61,6 +61,8 @@ func NewEVMBlockContext(header *types.Header, chain ChainContext, author *common
 		Difficulty:  new(big.Int).Set(header.Difficulty),
 		BaseFee:     baseFee,
 		GasLimit:    header.GasLimit,
+		Random:      header.MixDigest,


Nitpick, I think we should keep this as nil before the merge, just to catch any code accidentally touching this field prematurely.

karalabe · 2022-01-04T15:32:32Z

core/evm.go

@@ -61,6 +61,8 @@ func NewEVMBlockContext(header *types.Header, chain ChainContext, author *common
 		Difficulty:  new(big.Int).Set(header.Difficulty),
 		BaseFee:     baseFee,
 		GasLimit:    header.GasLimit,
+		Random:      header.MixDigest,
+		IsPostMerge: header.Difficulty.Cmp(common.Big0) == 0,


Do we need this as a field though? We do pass in the difficult anyway, couldn't we just compare in there? Or look at the random field and see if it's set or not?

karalabe · 2022-01-04T15:33:38Z

core/vm/evm.go

@@ -75,6 +75,8 @@ type BlockContext struct {
 	Time        *big.Int       // Provides information for TIME
 	Difficulty  *big.Int       // Provides information for DIFFICULTY
 	BaseFee     *big.Int       // Provides information for BASEFEE
+	Random      common.Hash    // Provides information for RANDOM


Couldn't we have this be *common.Hash and use it as a signal for pre/post-merge-ness?

marioevz · 2022-01-05T20:33:52Z

I'm currently testing using the following:
env.json:

{
    "currentCoinbase" : "0x8888f1f195afa192cfee860698584c030f4c9db1",
    "currentNumber" : "0x01",
    "currentTimestamp" : "0x54c99069",
    "currentGasLimit" : "0x2fefd8",
    "currentDifficulty": "0x00",
    "currentRandom": "0x1234",
    "previousHash" : "0x3daadbe27e1a67dff067351fdbee364ea0b8d16d3a6fb6bc46c08920a4de3571",
    "parentTimestamp" : "0x54c98c81",
    "parentDifficulty" : "0x00",
    "parentUncleHash" : "0x1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347",
    "blockHashes" : {
        "0" : "0x3daadbe27e1a67dff067351fdbee364ea0b8d16d3a6fb6bc46c08920a4de3571"
    }
}

alloc.json:

{
    "0xa94f5374fce5edbc8e2a8697c15331677e6ebf0b" : {
        "balance" : "0x02540be400",
        "nonce" : "0x00",
        "code" : "0x",
        "storage" : {
        }
    },
    "0xcccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc" : {
        "balance" : "0x0ba1a9ce",
        "nonce" : "0x00",
        "code" : "0x44600155",
        "storage" : {
        }
    }
}

txs.rlp:

"0xf864f862808203e88307a12094cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc80801ca03d518a9d5e1534b8b2dabd3a9d1bd14ce86f5558b55165b8516bf5e88e5a8d63a034fef66ee73b4992ddca7591573c3f51bded86233317eaa9738dcc6e6ab17f47"

With the evm command:
/bin/evm t8n --state.fork Berlin --state.reward 2000000000000000000 --input.alloc alloc.json --input.txs txs.rlp --input.env env.json --output.basedir ./ --output.result out.json --output.alloc outAlloc.json

And expect to see the storage set to the value of currentRandom, but the storage is unset in the output.
Increasing currentDifficulty to any value greater than zero results in that value being stored instead.

MariusVanDerWijden · 2022-01-06T08:54:09Z

@marioevz I have the following state test:

{"FuzzyVM-37426906-1385711810":
{"env":{"currentCoinbase":"b94f5374fce5edbc8e2a8697c15331677e6ebf0b","currentRandom":"0x1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001","currentGasLimit":"0x26e1f476fe1e22","currentNumber":"0x1",
"currentTimestamp":"0x3e8","currentBaseFee":"0x3B","previousHash":"0x000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"},
"pre":{
    "0x00000000000000000000000000000000b0b0face": {"code":"0x40600052","storage":{},"balance":"0x0","nonce":"0x0"},
    "0x000000000000000000000000000000ca1100f022": {"code":"0x444455","storage":{},"balance":"0x0","nonce":"0x0"},
    "0xa94f5374fce5edbc8e2a8697c15331677e6ebf0b":{"code":"0x","storage":{},"balance":"0x3fffffffffffffff","nonce":"0x0"}
    },
"transaction":{"gasPrice":"0x80","nonce":"0x0","to":"0x000000000000000000000000000000ca1100f022","data":[""],"gasLimit":["0x1312d00"],"value":["0xec43921b"],"secretKey":"0x45a915e4d060149eb4365960e6a7a45f334393093061116b197e3240065ff2d8"}
,"out":"0x","post":{
    "London":[{"hash":"63f729142596e783fee36c8db6d47db30783290dc33073d242108baf0281ca71","logs":"1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347",
    "indexes":{"data":0,"gas":0,"value":0}}]
    }}}

which produces

> ~/go/src/github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/build/bin/evm --debug  statetest 4399.json
#### TRACE ####
DIFFICULTY      pc=00000000 gas=19979000 cost=2

DIFFICULTY      pc=00000001 gas=19978998 cost=2
Stack:
00000000  0x1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001

SSTORE          pc=00000002 gas=19978996 cost=22100
Stack:
00000000  0x1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001
00000001  0x1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001
Storage:
1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001: 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001

STOP            pc=00000003 gas=19956896 cost=0

[
  {
    "name": "FuzzyVM-37426906-1385711810",
    "pass": true,
    "fork": "London"
  }
]

MariusVanDerWijden · 2022-01-06T09:07:19Z

Found and fixed:

{
 "0x8888f1f195afa192cfee860698584c030f4c9db1": {
  "balance": "0x1bc16d675159bae8"
 },
 "0xa94f5374fce5edbc8e2a8697c15331677e6ebf0b": {
  "balance": "0x2517a2918",
  "nonce": "0x1"
 },
 "0xcccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc": {
  "code": "0x44600155",
  "storage": {
   "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001234"
  },
  "balance": "0xba1a9ce"
 }
}⏎

Thanks for noticing @marioevz !

tests/state_test_util.go

…ying the merge chainrules

karalabe

SGTM

karalabe · 2022-01-10T07:43:56Z

Wondering long term if we could "revert" this extra flag to use block numbers. Would be tempted to say after the merge after the block number is finalized, but that would prevent other networks from switching over. Hmm, maybe we can just let other networks switch over based on block number? Probably no because of the TTD. Ugh.

MariusVanDerWijden · 2022-01-10T08:25:05Z

I would also say that we should revert it once we have a block height. We might even hardcode the terminal blockhash for mainnet afterwards

* core: implement eip-4399 random opcode * core: make vmconfig threadsafe * core: miner: pass vmConfig by value not reference * all: enable 4399 by Rules * core: remove diff (f) * tests: set proper difficulty (f) * smaller diff (f) * eth/catalyst: nit * core: make RANDOM a pointer which is only set post-merge * cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool: fix t8n tracing of 4399 * tests: set difficulty * cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool: check that baserules are london before applying the merge chainrules

MariusVanDerWijden added 7 commits December 20, 2021 10:31

core: implement eip-4399 random opcode

461995d

core: make vmconfig threadsafe

62e9c1a

core: miner: pass vmConfig by value not reference

4a4948b

all: enable 4399 by Rules

2e1b399

core: remove diff (f)

ea26584

tests: set proper difficulty (f)

4d59679

smaller diff (f)

7d72217

MariusVanDerWijden requested review from gballet, holiman, karalabe and rjl493456442 as code owners December 21, 2021 15:57

MariusVanDerWijden mentioned this pull request Dec 21, 2021

core/evm: Random opcode (EIP-4399) #24068

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holiman reviewed Dec 29, 2021

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eth/catalyst: nit

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karalabe reviewed Jan 4, 2022

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t8ntool support merge rules #24003

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core: make RANDOM a pointer which is only set post-merge

b80b6a1

cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool: fix t8n tracing of 4399

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karalabe reviewed Jan 6, 2022

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tests: set difficulty

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marioevz mentioned this pull request Jan 6, 2022

Support Current Random in StateTests with T8N Tool Changes ethereum/retesteth#160

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cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool: check that baserules are london before appl…

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…ying the merge chainrules

karalabe approved these changes Jan 10, 2022

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karalabe added this to the 1.10.16 milestone Jan 10, 2022

karalabe merged commit b1e72f7 into ethereum:master Jan 10, 2022

sidhujag pushed a commit to syscoin/go-ethereum that referenced this pull request Jan 11, 2022

core/evm: RANDOM opcode (EIP-4399) (ethereum#24141)

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This was referenced Sep 23, 2022

Metadium to master METADIUM/go-metadium#24

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Metadium to master METADIUM/go-metadium#25

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mckim19 mentioned this pull request Nov 3, 2022

Introduction of a new opcode, opRANDOM (PREVRANDAO) klaytn/klaytn#1664

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fedekunze mentioned this pull request Nov 30, 2022

Missing EIP-4399 RANDOM opcode info evmos/ethermint#1512

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core/evm: Random opcode (EIP-4399) #24141

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