diff --git a/changelog/fix_fix_stylequotedsymbols_for_hashrocket.md b/changelog/fix_fix_stylequotedsymbols_for_hashrocket.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b8e83e6a3a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog/fix_fix_stylequotedsymbols_for_hashrocket.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* [#9845](https://github.com/rubocop/rubocop/issues/9845): Fix `Style/QuotedSymbols` for hash-rocket hashes. ([@dvandersluis][])
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/style/quoted_symbols.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/style/quoted_symbols.rb
index e1f196e2a7c..d6c61571bea 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/cop/style/quoted_symbols.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/style/quoted_symbols.rb
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ def on_sym(node)
         private
 
         def autocorrect(corrector, node)
-          str = if hash_key?(node)
+          str = if hash_colon_key?(node)
                   # strip quotes
                   correct_quotes(node.source[1..-2])
                 else
@@ -69,6 +69,11 @@ def autocorrect(corrector, node)
           corrector.replace(node, str)
         end
 
+        def hash_colon_key?(node)
+          # Is the node a hash key with the colon style?
+          hash_key?(node) && node.parent.colon?
+        end
+
         def correct_quotes(str)
           if style == :single_quotes
             to_string_literal(str)
diff --git a/spec/rubocop/cop/style/quoted_symbols_spec.rb b/spec/rubocop/cop/style/quoted_symbols_spec.rb
index e6089267af3..0348173c8c0 100644
--- a/spec/rubocop/cop/style/quoted_symbols_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/rubocop/cop/style/quoted_symbols_spec.rb
@@ -112,6 +112,25 @@
         { 'a': value }
       RUBY
     end
+
+    context 'hash with hashrocket style' do
+      it 'accepts properly quoted symbols' do
+        expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+          { :'a' => value }
+        RUBY
+      end
+
+      it 'corrects wrong quotes' do
+        expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+          { :"a" => value }
+            ^^^^ Prefer single-quoted symbols when you don't need string interpolation or special symbols.
+        RUBY
+
+        expect_correction(<<~RUBY)
+          { :'a' => value }
+        RUBY
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   shared_examples_for 'enforce double quotes' do
@@ -193,6 +212,25 @@
         :"a"
       RUBY
     end
+
+    context 'hash with hashrocket style' do
+      it 'accepts properly quoted symbols' do
+        expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+          { :"a" => value }
+        RUBY
+      end
+
+      it 'corrects wrong quotes' do
+        expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+          { :'a' => value }
+            ^^^^ Prefer double-quoted symbols unless you need single quotes to avoid extra backslashes for escaping.
+        RUBY
+
+        expect_correction(<<~RUBY)
+          { :"a" => value }
+        RUBY
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   context 'configured with `same_as_string_literals`' do