Ideally, Swashbuckle would be able to infer what it needs from the new attributes.

Currently, there's a need to duplicate

  [JsonPolymorphic(TypeDiscriminatorPropertyName = "type")]
  [SwaggerDiscriminator("type")] //the need to duplicate may one day be removed, see https://github.com/domaindrivendev/Swashbuckle.AspNetCore/issues/2571
  [JsonDerivedType(typeof(AnyCriteria), "Any")]
  [SwaggerSubType(typeof(AnyCriteria), DiscriminatorValue = "Any")]
  [JsonDerivedType(typeof(EqualCriteria), "Equal")]
  [SwaggerSubType(typeof(EqualCriteria), DiscriminatorValue = "Equal")]
  [JsonDerivedType(typeof(GreaterThanCriteria), "GreaterThan")]
  [SwaggerSubType(typeof(GreaterThanCriteria), DiscriminatorValue = "GreaterThan")]
  [JsonDerivedType(typeof(LessThanCriteria), "LessThan")]
  [SwaggerSubType(typeof(LessThanCriteria), DiscriminatorValue = "LessThan")]
  [JsonDerivedType(typeof(BetweenCriteria), "Between")]
  [SwaggerSubType(typeof(BetweenCriteria), DiscriminatorValue = "Between")]
  public abstract record Criteria;

  public record AnyCriteria : Criteria;

  public record EqualCriteria : Criteria;

  public record GreaterThanCriteria(bool OrEqual, decimal Value) : Criteria;

  public record LessThanCriteria(bool OrEqual, decimal Value) : Criteria;

  public record BetweenCriteria(bool OrEqual, decimal From, decimal To) : Criteria;

Eventually, i've made the NuGet package that solves my problem.
It works due to the following algorithm:

1. Scan predefined through appsettings.json file assemblies for classes marked with [JsonDerivedType]. Those types are the roots of hierarchies.
2. Those roots are being transformed to hierarchies thanks to attribute metadata and cached into the singleton repository.
3. Custom ISchemaFilter implementation enriches documentation with additional discriminator info using consumed data before.

Obviously, the solution is not perfect as it requires knowledge about assemblies containing polymorphic contracts and obligates a developer to build hierarchy according to certain limitations.

More information provided in repository of package:
https://github.com/Stepami/swagger-discriminator-setup

It's relatively straightforward to use SelectSubTypesUsing, SelectDiscriminatorNameUsing and SelectDiscriminatorValueUsing to make this work I think

@benlongo not really. We cannot specify the type of discriminator and map it to allowed values in some kind of enum with corresponding defaults.

@benlongo not really. We cannot specify the type of discriminator and map it to allowed values in some kind of enum with corresponding defaults.

Well, STJ deserialization doesn't actually put the discriminator value into a property, so enum-valued type discriminators would be a thing of the past.

The docs on customizing the type discriminator name also state:

Avoid using a JsonPolymorphicAttribute.TypeDiscriminatorPropertyName that conflicts with a property in your type hierarchy.

Related issue: dotnet/runtime#72170

FYI This should work in DotSwashbuckle

#2671 (comment)