diff --git a/lib/mini_sql/connection.rb b/lib/mini_sql/connection.rb
index 2a61c31..a9032b5 100644
--- a/lib/mini_sql/connection.rb
+++ b/lib/mini_sql/connection.rb
@@ -57,6 +57,14 @@ def build(sql)
       Builder.new(self, sql)
     end
 
+    def to_sql(sql, *params)
+      if params.empty?
+        sql
+      else
+        param_encoder.encode(sql, *params)
+      end
+    end
+
     def escape_string(str)
       raise NotImplementedError, "must be implemented by child connection"
     end
diff --git a/lib/mini_sql/mysql/connection.rb b/lib/mini_sql/mysql/connection.rb
index e6b8331..05b6473 100644
--- a/lib/mini_sql/mysql/connection.rb
+++ b/lib/mini_sql/mysql/connection.rb
@@ -51,18 +51,11 @@ def escape_string(str)
         raw_connection.escape(str)
       end
 
-      def build(sql)
-        Builder.new(self, sql)
-      end
-
       private
 
       def run(sql, as, params)
-        if params && params.length > 0
-          sql = param_encoder.encode(sql, *params)
-        end
         raw_connection.query(
-          sql,
+          to_sql(sql, *params),
           as: as,
           database_timezone: :utc,
           application_timezone: :utc,
diff --git a/lib/mini_sql/postgres/connection.rb b/lib/mini_sql/postgres/connection.rb
index 121aaba..9f557d0 100644
--- a/lib/mini_sql/postgres/connection.rb
+++ b/lib/mini_sql/postgres/connection.rb
@@ -192,10 +192,6 @@ def query_hash(sql, *params)
         result.clear if result
       end
 
-      def build(sql)
-        Builder.new(self, sql)
-      end
-
       def escape_string(str)
         raw_connection.escape_string(str)
       end
@@ -203,10 +199,7 @@ def escape_string(str)
       private
 
       def run(sql, params)
-        if params && params.length > 0
-          sql = param_encoder.encode(sql, *params)
-        end
-        raw_connection.async_exec(sql)
+        raw_connection.async_exec(to_sql(sql, *params))
       end
 
     end
diff --git a/lib/mini_sql/postgres_jdbc/connection.rb b/lib/mini_sql/postgres_jdbc/connection.rb
index 0d3781a..eafac75 100644
--- a/lib/mini_sql/postgres_jdbc/connection.rb
+++ b/lib/mini_sql/postgres_jdbc/connection.rb
@@ -78,10 +78,6 @@ def query_hash(sql, *params)
         run(sql, params).to_a
       end
 
-      def build(sql)
-        Builder.new(self, sql)
-      end
-
       def escape_string(str)
         raw_connection.escape_string(str)
       end
@@ -89,12 +85,9 @@ def escape_string(str)
       private
 
       def run(sql, params)
-        if params && params.length > 0
-          sql = param_encoder.encode(sql, *params)
-        end
         conn = raw_connection
         conn.typemap = self.class.typemap
-        conn.execute(sql)
+        conn.execute(to_sql(sql, *params))
       ensure
         # Force unsetting of typemap since we don't want mixed AR usage to continue to use these extra converters.
         conn.typemap = nil
diff --git a/lib/mini_sql/sqlite/connection.rb b/lib/mini_sql/sqlite/connection.rb
index dc66c4f..698f5b2 100644
--- a/lib/mini_sql/sqlite/connection.rb
+++ b/lib/mini_sql/sqlite/connection.rb
@@ -21,12 +21,12 @@ def prepared(condition = true)
 
       def query_single(sql, *params)
         # a bit lazy can be optimized
-        run(sql, *params).flatten!
+        run(sql, params).flatten!
       end
 
       def query_hash(sql, *params)
         r = []
-        run(sql, *params) do |set|
+        run(sql, params) do |set|
           set.each_hash do |h|
             r << h
           end
@@ -35,14 +35,14 @@ def query_hash(sql, *params)
       end
 
       def query_array(sql, *params)
-        run(sql, *params)
+        run(sql, params)
       end
 
       def exec(sql, *params)
 
         start = raw_connection.total_changes
 
-        r = run(sql, *params)
+        r = run(sql, params)
         # this is not safe for multithreading, also for DELETE from TABLE will return
         # incorrect data
         if r.length > 0
@@ -53,13 +53,13 @@ def exec(sql, *params)
       end
 
       def query(sql, *params)
-        run(sql, *params) do |set|
+        run(sql, params) do |set|
           deserializer_cache.materialize(set)
         end
       end
 
       def query_decorator(decorator, sql, *params)
-        run(sql, *params) do |set|
+        run(sql, params) do |set|
           deserializer_cache.materialize(set, decorator)
         end
       end
@@ -70,10 +70,8 @@ def escape_string(str)
 
       private
 
-      def run(sql, *params)
-        if params && params.length > 0
-          sql = param_encoder.encode(sql, *params)
-        end
+      def run(sql, params)
+        sql = to_sql(sql, *params)
         if block_given?
           stmt = SQLite3::Statement.new(raw_connection, sql)
           result = yield stmt.execute
diff --git a/lib/mini_sql/sqlite/prepared_connection.rb b/lib/mini_sql/sqlite/prepared_connection.rb
index 45ba8d5..4b0d9c3 100644
--- a/lib/mini_sql/sqlite/prepared_connection.rb
+++ b/lib/mini_sql/sqlite/prepared_connection.rb
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ def deserializer_cache
       end
 
       private def run(sql, params)
-        prepared_sql, binds, _bind_names = @param_binder.bind(sql, params)
+        prepared_sql, binds, _bind_names = @param_binder.bind(sql, *params)
         statement = @prepared_cache.prepare_statement(prepared_sql)
         statement.bind_params(binds)
         if block_given?