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index.php
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index.php
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<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/reveal.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/theme/<?php print $_GET['theme'] ? $_GET['theme'] : 'moon';?>.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/custom.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<div class="slides">
<section>
<h1>Symfony in Drupal 8:</h1>
How much and what does Drupal inherit from Symfony?
<br>
<br>
<br>
<h3>Dipak Yadav</h3>( @dipakmdhrm )
</section>
<section>
<h2>Who am I?</h2>
<br>
<div style="text-align: left">
<ul>
<li>Dipak Yadav <strong>( @dipakmdhrm )</strong></li>
<li>From Pune, India</li>
<li>Sr Software Developer (Vidushi Infotech)</li>
<li>Consultant (Rotary International)</li>
<li>
<a href="https://twitter.com/dipakmdhrm">Twitter</a> |
<a href="https://www.drupal.org/u/dipakmdhrm">Drupal.org</a> |
<a href="https://github.com/dipakmdhrm">Github</a>
</li>
<li><a href="http://www.dipakyadav.com" target="_blank">http://www.dipakyadav.com</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Symfony in Drupal 8:</h1>
How much and what does Drupal inherit from Symfony?
<br>
<br>
<br>
<h3>Dipak Yadav</h3>( @dipakmdhrm )
</section>
<section>
<h2>Who are you?</h2>
<ul>
<li>Drupal 7 developer</li>
<li>Drupal 8 beginner</li>
<li>Symfony Enthusiast</li>
<li>Understand OOP Basics:
<ul>
<li>Classes, Objects, Interfaces, Namespaces etc.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Overview</h2>
<br>
<div style="text-align: left">
<ul>
<li>Drupal development before Drupal 8</li>
<li>Introduction to Symfony</li>
<li>Symfony Components in Drupal 8</li>
<li>Personal thoughts</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Drupal development before Drupal 8</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal developer trying Symfony</h3>
<img data-src="images/Frustated.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Symfony developer trying Drupal</h3>
<img data-src="images/hooks-hooks-everywhere.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<h3>The Drupal way</h3>
<img data-src="images/different.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal & OOP PHP</h3>
<img data-src="images/php-oop.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>"Not Invented Here" & "Drupal Island"</h3>
<img data-src="images/nie.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal 8 and "Proudly Invented Elsewhere"</h3>
<img data-src="images/pfe-projects-in-drupal.png">
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Symfony</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Symfony</h3>
<img data-src="images/symfony-def.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Symfony Components</h3>
<ul>
<li>Component : PHP Library</li>
<li>Independent or Loosely coupled</li>
<li>Reusable: can be used in any PHP application
<ul>
<li>
Even Drupal 7
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Eg.
<ul>
<li>Config, Form, HttpFoundation</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Drupal 8 uses many Symfony components</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Symfony Framework</h3>
<ul>
<li>Web Application Framework built using 35 Symfony components</li>
<ul>
<li>Plus a few other PHP libraries like Twig, Swiftmailer etc</li>
</ul>
<li>Fully functional Application.
<ul>
<li>Meant to be starting point for a web application.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal vs Symfony Framework</h3>
<ul>
<li>Drupal:
<ul>
<li>Full-fledged CMS with lots of ready-made, built-in features</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Symfony Framework:
<ul>
<li>Meant to be customized and extended from ground-up.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Symfony Community</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Symfony Community</h3>
<img data-src="images/symfony-community.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Symfony Events</h3>
<img data-src="images/symfony-events.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal inherits Symfony Community</h3>
<ul>
<li>Dedicated Symfony Track in DrupalCon</li>
<li>Prominent members from Symfony Community
<ul>
<li>Ryan Weaver, KnpUniversity</li>
<li>Nicolas Grekas, Blackfir.io (previously Sensiolabs)</li>
<li>Michelle Sanver, Liip</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h1>Symfony Components in <br>Drupal 8</h1>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Symfony Components in Drupal</h3>
<ul>
<li>HttpFoundation</li>
<li>Routing</li>
<li>EventDispatcher</li>
<li>DependencyInjection</li>
<li>HttpKernel</li>
-------------------
<li>Serializer</li>
<li>Validator</li>
<li>Yaml</li>
<li>Console</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>HttpFoundation</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>HTTP</h3>
<img data-src="images/http-protocol-flow.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Front Controller</h3>
<img data-src="images/front-controller.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal 7 index.php</h3>
<img data-src="images/drupal-7-index-php.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal 7 index.php</h3>
<img data-src="images/drupal-7-index-php-request-response.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal 8 index.php</h3>
<img data-src="images/drupal-8-index-php.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal 8 index.php</h3>
<img data-src="images/drupal-8-index-php-request-response.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal 8 Front Controller</h3>
<img data-src="images/drupal-8-front-controller.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<h3>HttpFoundation</h3>
<ul>
<li><code>HttpFoundation\Request</code></li>
<li><code>HttpFoundation\Response</code></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>HttpFoundation\Request</h3>
<ul>
<li><code>$request = Request::createFromGlobals();</code></li>
<li>Gathers request data from PHP globals
<ul>
<li><code>$request->query ($_GET)</code></li>
<li><code>$request->request ($_POST)</code></li>
<li><code>$request->server ($_SERVER)</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>HttpFoundation\Response</h3>
<ul>
<li><code>$response = new Response();</code>
<ul>
<li>$content</li>
<li>$status_code</li>
<li>$response_headers</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><code>$response->send();</code></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>API support</h3>
<ul>
<li>Drupal 7: No support for creating RESTful APIs</li>
<ul>
<li>Almost always GET requests.</li>
<li>Poor support for handling other methods like:
<ul>
<li>POST, PUT, DELETE etc.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<li>Drupal 8: API first</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Routing</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Routing</h3>
<em>"Routing is a process to match a request path to a function, or a controller that then processes that request"</em>
<br>
<br>
<ul><li>Route:
<ul><li>"The map from the path to the controller"</li></ul>
</li></ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Route in Drupal 7</h3>
<img data-src="images/hook-menu.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Routing in Drupal 7</h3>
<img data-src="images/drupal-7-index-php-routing.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Routing in Drupal 7</h3>
<img data-src="images/drupal-7-route-finder.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Route in Drupal 8</h3>
<img data-src="images/routing-yml.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Routing in Drupal 8</h3>
<img data-src="images/drupal-8-index-php-routing.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Basics of Routing</h3>
<img data-src="images/routing-overview.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Basics of Routing Component</h3>
<img data-src="images/routing-component-basics.jpg">
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>EventDispatcher</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Communication between sub-systems</h3>
<img data-src="images/sub-system-communication.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal 7 hooks</h3>
<code>hook_node_delete()</code>
<img data-src="images/hook-communication.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal 7 hooks behind the scenes</h3>
<img data-src="images/hooks-behind-the-scenes.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>EventDispatcher in Drupal 8</h3>
<ul>
<li>Facilitates communication between objects</li>
<li>Events:
<ul>
<li><em>"An Event is any action that an object needs to communicate to other objects"</em></li>
<li>Eg. Node deletion</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<br>
</section>
<section>
<h3>EventDispatcher: adding listeners</h3>
<img data-src="images/bruh-listeners.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<h3>EventDispatcher: adding listeners: code</h3>
<img data-src="images/event-dispatcher-add-listener-code.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>EventDispatcher: event</h3>
<img data-src="images/bruh-event.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<h3>EventDispatcher: dispatching event</h3>
<img data-src="images/bruh-dispatching.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<h3>EventDispatcher: dispatching event: code</h3>
<img data-src="images/event-dispatcher-dispatch-event-code.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Event Dispatcher Overview</h3>
<img data-src="images/events-dispatcher-overview.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Events Examples</h3>
<ul>
<li>Migrate
<ul>
<li><code>migrate.pre_import</code></li>
<li><code>migrate.post_import</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Config
<ul>
<li><code>config.save</code></li>
<li><code>config.delete</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Entity
<ul>
<li><code>entity_type.definition.create</code></li>
<li><code>entity_type.definition.delete</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal 8: Events and Hooks</h3>
<ul>
<li>Hooks</li>
<li>Events</li>
<li>Best of both world... but is it??</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>DependencyInjection</h2>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li>Services</li>
<li>Service container</li>
<li>Dependency Injection</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Services</h3>
<ul>
<li>Useful Objects</li>
<img data-src="images/services-yml.png">
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal services examples</h3>
<ul>
<li><code>FormBuilder</code>
<ul>
<li><code>getForm()</code></li>
<li><code>buildForm()</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><code>UserAuth</code>
<ul>
<li><code>authenticate()</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><code>DBLog</code>
<ul>
<li><code>log()</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><code>current_user</code></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Service Container</h3>
<ul>
<li>Provides a way to fetch services
<ul>
<li><code>$container->get('service.name')</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Gathers info about services from all <code>services.yml</code> files</li>
<li>Uses this info to create services</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Dependency Injection</h3>
<ul>
<li>Everything (almost) is object</li>
<li>Objects use objects</li>
<li>Objects are dependent on objects</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Objects should not create dependencies</h3>
<img data-src="images/object-creating-dependency.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Dependencies should be passed</h3>
<img data-src="images/object-injecting-dependency.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Why Dependency Injection?</h3>
<ul>
<li>Facilitates encapsulation</li>
<li>Helps Unit Testing</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Service container does DI</h3>
<ul>
<li>Takes care of:
<ul>
<li>Creating services</li>
<li>Injecting them as dependencies in objects</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Also called as Dependency Injection Container</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal 8: Two Containers</h3>
<ul>
<li>Dependency Injection container: preferred & recommended</li>
<li>Legacy container: for non-OO parts</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Using Drupal 8 legacy container</h3>
<ul>
<li><code>\Drupal::service('service.name')</code></li>
<li>Hooks and other procedural code</li>
<li>Should be avoided if possible</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>HTTPKernel</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>DrupalKernel</h3>
<ul>
<li>Core of Drupal</li>
<li>Puts everything together</li>
<li>Extended from <code>HTTPKernelInterface</code></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal 8 index.php</h3>
<img data-src="images/drupal-8-index-php-kernel.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>DrupalKernel creates service container</h3>
<img data-src="images/kernel-initialize-container.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>DrupalKernel adds services to container</h3>
<img data-src="images/kernel-add-service.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>DrupalKernel passes control to request handler</h3>
<img data-src="images/kernel-handle-request.png">
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Serializer</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Serialization</h3>
<ul>
<li>Process of translating data structures to a format that can be easily stored and transmitted.
<ul>
<li>And vice versa</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
In Drupal, mostly used for serialization of objects and arrays.
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Serialization component in Drupal 8</h3>
<ul>
<li>Heavily used in Drupal 8 APIs</li>
<li>Drupal web services modules
<ul>
<li>Serialization, RESTful Web Services</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Serializer component for encoding objects to JSON/XML
<ul>
<li>And vice versa</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Validator</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Validator component</h3>
<ul>
<li>Used to validate values based on rules</li>
<li>Generally used for form validation</li>
<li>Allows to create:
<ul>
<li>Constraints: Rules
<ul>
<li>Eg. length, email, link</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
Validators: Objects
<ul>
<li>Can act on basis of values following/violating constraints.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Validator in Drupal 8</h3>
<li>Used to create constraints for form fields of various types
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Yaml</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>YAML</h3>
<ul>
<li>YAML: YAML Ain't Markup Language</li>
<li>Human readable serialization language</li>
<li>Commonly used to store configuration</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Yaml Component</h3>
<ul>
<li>Allows parsing and dumping YAML files</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Yaml in Drupal 8</h3>
<ul>
<li>{module}/{theme}.info.yml</li>
<li>routing.yml</li>
<li>services.yml</li>
<li>Configuration (eg. views are now configuration)</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Console</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal Console</h3>
<ul>
<li>Console optimized for Drupal</li>
<li>Used for debugging & generating skeleton code</li>
<li>Installed using composer</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal Console commands</h3>
<ul>
<li><code>generate:module</code></li>
<li><code>generate:controller</code></li>
<li><code>generate:form</code></li>
<li><code>debug:container</code></li>
<li><code>debug:permission</code></li>
<li><code>debug:update</code></li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Personal Thoughts</h1>
<h2>Symfony's Philosophies in Drupal that I love</h2>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Easier Upgrades</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal upgrades in past</h3>
<ul>
<li>Challenging upgrade between major versions
<ul>
<li>Steep learning curve</li>
<li>Difficult upgrade path</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Complete rebuild of application</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal 8 upgrades</h3>
<ul>
<li>Two kind of upgrades
<ul>
<li>Minor</li>
<li>Major</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal 8 minor upgrades</h3>
<ul>
<li>8.1 -> 8.2, 8.2 -> 8.3</li>
<li>Every 6 months</li>
<li>New Features</li>
<li>Backward Compatible changes</li>
<li>Deprecate old stuff</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Drupal 8 major upgrades</h3>
<ul>
<li>No new features</li>
<li>Backward compatibility break
<ul>
<li>Remove deprecated stuff</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Upgrade policy advantages</h3>
<ul>
<li>Periodic addition of new features
<ul><li>Instead of years of wait</li></ul>
</li>
<li>Enough time to shed deprecates stuff for major release
<ul><li>No surprises by major release</li></ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Standard Compliance</h2>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li>PHP-FIG
<ul>
<li>PHP - Framework Interoperability Group</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
PSRs
<ul>
<li>PHP Standards Recommendations</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Adoption of PSRs</h3>
<ul>
<li>PSR 4</li>
<li>PSR 3</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Personal Thoughts</h1>
<h2>Symfony's Philosophies that I want in Drupal</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Symfony's philosophy of loosely coupled independent parts</h3>
<ul>
<li>Drupal sub-systems as loosely coupled libraries
<ul><li>Available for use in other PHP projects</li></ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>More standard compliance</h3>
<ul>
<li>Eg. PSR-1 & PSR-2</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Takeaways</h2>
<ul>
<li>Drupal uses Symfony components, not Symfony framework</li>
<li>HttpFoundation, Routing help Drupal 8 become API-first</li>
<li>HttpFoundation, Routing, EventDispatcher, DependencyInjection & DrupalKernal form the core of Drupal 8</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Thank You!</h1>
<h3>Questions || Discussions?</h3>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Rate the session</h1>
<h3><a href="https://events.drupal.org/vienna2017/sessions/symfony-drupal-8-how-much-and-what-does-drupal-inherits-symfony">Link to session</a></h3>
</section>
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