diff --git a/conan/tools/cmake/cmake.py b/conan/tools/cmake/cmake.py
index d30e4274f0b..716e6afd1d7 100644
--- a/conan/tools/cmake/cmake.py
+++ b/conan/tools/cmake/cmake.py
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ def __init__(self, conanfile):
         configure_preset = get_configure_preset(cmake_presets, conanfile)
 
         self._generator = configure_preset["generator"]
-        self._toolchain_file = configure_preset["toolchainFile"]
+        self._toolchain_file = configure_preset.get("toolchainFile")
         self._cache_variables = configure_preset["cacheVariables"]
 
         self._cmake_program = "cmake"  # Path to CMake should be handled by environment
diff --git a/conans/test/functional/toolchains/cmake/test_cmake_toolchain.py b/conans/test/functional/toolchains/cmake/test_cmake_toolchain.py
index c4b25b27266..01453c25b9c 100644
--- a/conans/test/functional/toolchains/cmake/test_cmake_toolchain.py
+++ b/conans/test/functional/toolchains/cmake/test_cmake_toolchain.py
@@ -814,6 +814,15 @@ def test_cmake_presets_multiple_settings_multi_config():
     assert "MSVC_LANG2017" in client.out
 
 
+@pytest.mark.tool_cmake(version="3.23")
+def test_max_schema_version2_build():
+    client = TestClient(path_with_spaces=False)
+    client.run("new hello/0.1 --template=cmake_exe")
+    configs = ["-c tools.cmake.cmaketoolchain.presets:max_schema_version=2"]
+    client.run("install . {} -s compiler.cppstd=14".format(" ".join(configs)))
+    client.run("build .")
+
+
 @pytest.mark.tool_cmake(version="3.23")
 def test_user_presets_version2():
     client = TestClient(path_with_spaces=False)